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Japan's Welfare-State Regime: Welfare Politics,Provider and Regulator
Shogo Takekawa 서울대학교 사회발전연구소 2005 Journal of Asian Sociology Vol.34 No.2
In the late 1990s the Korean government made many welfare expansion reforms, while Japanese government adopted the retrenchment social policy. This contrast implies that Welfare Orientalism should come to an end. Uncritical adoption of regime theory to non-European countries has many problems. In order to understand the Japan’s Welfare State regime exactly, I propose the definition of “welfare state”: welfare state as national goal (welfare politics), welfare state as provider (redistributive structure) and welfare state regulator (regulatory structure). After that, I will try to identify the characteristics of Japan’s regime. It is characterized as a strong state bureaucracy and a weak social democracy; a relatively low level of social expenditure and a high level of expenditure for public works; weak social regulation and strong economic regulation. Finally, I assert that such welfare regime is being challenged by social and economic change at the present time.
Chewing Lice of Swan Geese (Anser cygnoides)
Chang-Yong Choi,John Y. Takekawa,Diann J. Prosser,Lacy M. Smith,Craig R. Ely,Anthony D. Fox,Lei Cao,Xin Wang,Nyambayar Batbayar,Tseveenmayadag Natsagdorj,Xiangming Xiao 대한기생충학열대의학회 2016 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.54 No.5
Chewing lice (Phthiraptera) that parasitize the globally threatened swan goose Anser cygnoides have been long recognized since the early 19th century, but those records were probably biased towards sampling of captive or domestic geese due to the small population size and limited distribution of its wild hosts. To better understand the lice species parasitizing swan geese that are endemic to East Asia, we collected chewing lice from 14 wild geese caught at 3 lakes in northeastern Mongolia. The lice were morphologically identified as 16 Trinoton anserinum (Fabricius, 1805), 11 Ornithobius domesticus Arnold, 2005, and 1 Anaticola anseris (Linnaeus, 1758). These species are known from other geese and swans, but all of them were new to the swan goose. This result also indicates no overlap in lice species between older records and our findings from wild birds. Thus, ectoparasites collected from domestic or captive animals may provide biased information on the occurrence, prevalence, host selection, and host-ectoparasite interactions from those on wild hosts.
Dinh Phap Tran,Daiki Morita,Noritaka Sato,Yoshifumi Morita,Makoto Takekawa 제어로봇시스템학회 2016 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2016 No.10
When measuring the range of motion (ROM) of finger joints, a therapist usually uses a goniometer, which is a measuring instrument for angles. However, a measurement with a goniometer takes much time, because there are many joints in a hand. To solve this problem, we aim to develop a non-invasive automatic test device in order to reduce the burden on patients and therapists when measuring the ROM of finger joints. In our previous work, we developed a semi-automatic test device for reducing the burden on the patient. In this study, we aim to reduce the burden on the therapist by improving the conventional goniometer device. The improvement points include an increase in the visibility of target joints, an increase of operability of the virtual goniometer, and a reduction of the startup program execution time. We compared the required time to measure the angle of a PIP joint of the conventional goniometer device and the proposed goniometer device. As a result, the required time was reduced, which means a reduction in the burden on the therapist. Moreover, we evaluated the measurement accuracy by testing the proposed goniometer device and comparing the results with a conventional goniometer. The obtained result shows that the measurement accuracy of the proposed goniometer device was less than 6.6°.