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Lee, Taewoo,Lee, Jechan,Ok, Yong Sik,Oh, Jeong-Ik,Lee, Sang-Ryong,Rinklebe, Jö,rg,Kwon, Eilhann E. Elsevier 2017 Journal of cleaner production Vol.162 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This study put a great emphasis on the role of carbon dioxide (CO<SUB>2</SUB>) in thermal decomposition of polyvinyl chloride (PVC). To do this, systematic experimental works were carried out to explore the influence of CO<SUB>2</SUB> on pyrolysis of PVC by comparing with that in N<SUB>2</SUB>. First of all, a series of thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) of PVC in N<SUB>2</SUB> and CO<SUB>2</SUB> was performed to characterize the thermal deconstruction of PVC in N<SUB>2</SUB> and CO<SUB>2</SUB>, which confirmed that any physical aspect (<I>i.e.</I>, onset and end temperature of depolymerization of PVC) attributed by CO<SUB>2</SUB> was nearly negligible as compared to the case in N<SUB>2</SUB>. This phenomenon was also fully evidenced by differential thermogram (DTG) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) because both DTG and DSC curves in N<SUB>2</SUB> and CO<SUB>2</SUB> were identical. However, the concentration profiles of CO evolved from the thermal degradation of PVC in N<SUB>2</SUB> and CO<SUB>2</SUB> was significantly different: the enhanced generation of CO occurred in the presence of CO<SUB>2</SUB>. This observation suggested that the genuine role of CO<SUB>2</SUB> is to consume carbon source (<I>i.e.</I>, acting as a carbon scavenger) for pyrolysis of PVC. It also provided a favorable condition for suppressing the formation of harmful chemical compounds such as benzene derivatives and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Therefore, the mass portion of the oil in pyrolytic products produced from pyrolysis of PVC in CO<SUB>2</SUB> was lower than that in N<SUB>2</SUB>. These particular thermal degradation behaviors may be explained by the genuine role of CO<SUB>2</SUB>: the enhanced thermal cracking of volatile organic carbons (VOCs) evolved from the pyrolysis of PVC. The findings of this study strongly suggest that CO<SUB>2</SUB> can be effectively applied to thermal disposal of recalcitrant wastes since employing CO<SUB>2</SUB> in thermal treatment provides a means for <I>in-situ</I> mitigation and/or reduction of harmful chemical species.</P>
Lee, Seonki,Park, Seung-Kook,Kwon, Hyeokpil,Lee, Sang Hyun,Lee, Kibaek,Nahm, Chang Hyun,Jo, Sung Jun,Oh, Hyun-Suk,Park, Pyung-Kyu,Choo, Kwang-Ho,Lee, Chung-Hak,Yi, Taewoo American Chemical Society 2016 Environmental science & technology Vol.50 No.4
<P>Quorum quenching (QQ) has recently been acknowledged to be a sustainable antifouling strategy and has been investigated widely using lab-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) systems. This study attempted to bring this QQ-MBR closer to potential practical application. Two types of pilot-scale QQ-MBRs with QQ bacteria entrapping beads (QQ-beads) were installed and run at a wastewater treatment plant, feeding real municipal wastewater to test the systems' effectiveness for membrane fouling control and thus the amount of energy savings, even under harsh environmental conditions. The rate of trans membrane pressure (TMP) build-up was significantly mitigated in QQ-MBR compared to that in a conventional-MBR. Consequently, QQ-MBR can substantially reduce energy consumption by reducing coarse bubble aeration without compromising the effluent water quality. The addition of QQ:beads to a conventional MBR substantially affected the EPS concentrations, as well as microbial floc size in the mixed liquor. Furthermore, the QQ activity and mechanical stability of QQ-beads were well maintained for at least four months, indicating QQ-MBR has good potential for practical applications.</P>
Synthesis of a Carbonaceous Two-Dimensional Material
Kim, Taewoo,Lee, Junho,Lee, Geonhui,Lee, Jaewoo,Song, Hyelynn,Jho, Jae Young,Lee, Hong H.,Kim, Yong Hyup American Chemical Society 2019 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.11 No.24
<P>Despite tremendous accomplishments achieved in 2D materials, little progress has been made in carbonaceous 2D materials beyond graphene and graphene oxide. Here, we report a 2D material of carbonaceous nanoplates (CANP). The bottom-up synthesis of CANP is green, separation-free, and massive. The nanoplates are 2 to 3 monolayers thick with an average interlayer spacing of 0.57 nm. The synthesis involves viscosity-aided two-dimensional growth of fragmented glucose derivatives and leads to the complete conversion of glucose to the 2D nanoplates. Application tests demonstrate the usefulness of the affordable 2D material.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
Park, In Soo,Lee, Jaewoo,Lee, Gyudo,Nam, Kihwan,Lee, Taewoo,Chang, Woo-Jin,Kim, Hansung,Lee, Sei-Young,Seo, Jongbum,Yoon, Dae Sung,Lee, Sang Woo American Chemical Society 2015 ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY - Vol.87 No.12
<P>Quantitative detection of the biological properties of living cells is essential for a wide range of purposes, from the understanding of cellular characteristics to the development of novel drugs in nanomedicine. Here, we demonstrate that analysis of cell biological properties within a microfluidic dielectrophoresis device enables quantitative detection of cellular biological properties and simultaneously allows large-scale measurement in a noise-robust and probeless manner. Applying this technique, the static and dynamic biological responses of live B16F10 melanoma cells to the small-molecule drugs such as <I>N</I>-ethylmaleimide (NEM) and [(dihydronindenyl)oxy]alkanoic acid (DIOA) were quantitatively and statistically examined by investigating changes in movement of the cells. Measurement was achieved using subtle variations in dielectrophoresis (DEP) properties of the cells, which were attributed to activation or deactivation of K<SUP>+</SUP>/Cl<SUP>–</SUP> cotransporter channels on the cell membrane by the small-molecule drugs, in a microfluidic device. On the basis of quantitative analysis data, we also provide the first report of the shift of the complex permittivity of a cell induced by the small-molecule drugs. In addition, we demonstrate interesting quantifiable parameters including the drug effectiveness coefficient, antagonistic interaction coefficient, kinetic rate, and full width at half-maximum, which corresponded to changes in biological properties of B16F10 cells over time when NEM and DIOA were introduced alone or in combination. Those demonstrated parameters represent very useful tools for evaluating the effect of small-molecule drugs on the biological properties of cells.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancham/2015/ancham.2015.87.issue-12/ac5041549/production/images/medium/ac-2014-041549_0005.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ac5041549'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
KIM, SANGMIN,KIL, WON HO,LEE, JEONGMIN,OH, SOO-JIN,HAN, JEONGHUN,JEON, MYEONGJIN,JUNG, TAEWOO,LEE, SE KYUNG,BAE, SOO YOUN,LEE, HYUN CHUL,LEE, JUN HO,YI, HA WOO,KIM, SEOK WON,NAM, SEOK JIN,LEE, JEONG E Spandidos Publications 2014 ONCOLOGY REPORTS Vol.32 No.6
<P>Expression of the CD44 gene is upregulated in breast cancer cells and is correlated with patient survival. Aberrant CD44 expression promotes tumor progression and metastasis. In the present study, we investigated the role of zerumbone (ZER) on regulatory mechanisms of CD44 expression in breast cancer cells. Our results showed that CD44 expression was significantly increased by epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ligands in SKBR3 breast cancer cells. In contrast, EGF-induced CD44 expression was decreased by a MEK1/2 inhibitor, UO126, or STAT3 inhibitor, STAT3 VI, respectively. Notably, ZER downregulated the basal level of CD44 expression in CD44+ breast cancer cells. In addition, the induction of CD44 expression by EGFR ligands, EGF or TGF-α, was markedly decreased by ZER treatment. Finally, we investigated the inhibitory mechanism of ZER on EGF-induced CD44 expression. Our results showed that EGF-induced phosphorylation of STAT3 was completely suppressed by ZER. Collectively, ZER suppressed EGF-induced CD44 expression through inhibition of the STAT3 pathway. Therefore, we suggested that ZER may act as a promising therapeutic drug for the treatment of breast cancer.</P>
Kim, Eunhye,Ahn, Hyungju,Park, Sungmin,Lee, Hoyeon,Lee, Moongyu,Lee, Sumi,Kim, Taewoo,Kwak, Eun-Ae,Lee, Jun Han,Lei, Xie,Huh, June,Bang, Joona,Lee, Byeongdu,Ryu, Du Yeol American Chemical Society 2013 ACS NANO Vol.7 No.3
<P>The directed assembly of block copolymer nanostructures with large periods exceeding 100 nm remains challenging because the translational ordering of long-chained block copolymer is hindered by its very low chain mobility. Using a solvent-vapor annealing process with a neutral solvent, which was sequentially combined with a thermal annealing process, we demonstrate the rapid evolution of a perpendicularly oriented lamellar morphology in high molecular weight block copolymer films on neutral substrate. The synergy with the topographically patterned substrate facilitated unidirectionally structural development of ultrahigh molecular weight block copolymer thin filmseven for the structures with a large period of 200 nmleading to perfectly guided, parallel, and highly ordered line-arrays of perpendicularly oriented lamellae in the trenched confinement. This breakthrough strategy, which is applicable to nanolithographic pattern transfer to target substrates, can be a simple and efficient route to satisfy the demand for block copolymer assemblies with larger feature sizes on hundreds of nanometers scale.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2013/ancac3.2013.7.issue-3/nn3051264/production/images/medium/nn-2012-051264_0007.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn3051264'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Efficient heat dissipation by ion-mediation assembled reduced graphene oxide
Lee, Jeong Seok,Kim, Taewoo,Lee, Hong H.,Kim, Yong Hyup The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Journal of Materials Chemistry C Vol.6 No.10
<P>A clear solution for efficient thermal management of light emitting diodes (LEDs) is elusive, which is critical for general purpose lighting. Here, a hierarchical porous structure of reduced graphene oxide through ion-mediation (IMA-rGO) is developed for efficient heat dissipation. Compared to existing copper materials, IMA-rGO yielded the highest cooling efficiency of 36.5% through the simple and easily scalable ion-mediation process. This highly efficient heat dissipater lowered the operating temperature of a high power commercial LED from 75 °C to 59 °C, leading to a reduction in the required energy and an increase in device lifetime. With the features of a simple, scalable process and excellent heat dissipation performance, the IMA-rGO introduced here could bring LEDs closer to our daily lives.</P>
Lee, Kwang H.,Lee, Hee Sung,Lee, Kimoon,Ha, Taewoo,Kim, Jae Hoon,Im, Seongil WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2011 Advanced Materials Vol.23 No.10
<P><B>An almost transparent image pixel on glass</B> is demonstrated for the first time under visible and UV illumination at 3 V. The pixel is composed of a pentacene thin‐film transistor and a serially connected pentacene/ZnO photodiode, with or without a 6,13‐pentacenequinone phosphor layer that was deposited on the photodiode for more efficient light detection. </P>