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Tetsuji Nagatani,Maromu Yamada,Tomoko Kojima,Daizhou Zhang 한국대기환경학회 2012 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.6 No.1
Particulate sulfate in PM2.5, sulfur dioxide (SO2) and size-segregated aerosol particle number concentrations were measured at a site (32° 9′N, 129° 59′E) on the southwestern Japan coast from 5 March to 10April, 2010. Results show frequent episodic increases of sulfate and SO2. Compared to the average concentration of sulfate 4.4±2.7 μg m-3 in the whole observation period, episodic sulfate reached 10.5-20.1 μg m-3. The variation of sulfate always synchronized with aerosol particles in the size range of 0.1-0.5 μm,indicating the episodic sulfate was a consequence of the increase of the sub-micron particles. SO2 did not have remarkable increase in any episodes of sulfate increase. During the passage of low pressure systems which loaded Asian dust in postfrontal air, concentrated sulfate appeared right behind the front but before dust arrival, suggesting the dominance of dustfree particulate sulfate. Weather and backward trajectory analyses revealed that air parcels with high sulfate passed eastern and northeastern China or Korean peninsula before arriving at the site. In contrast,those with high SO2 passed an active volcano,Mt. Sakurajima, about 100 km in the south, suggesting the SO2 was more likely from the volcanic emission. The ratio of sulfate to total sulfur compounds (SO42-)/(SO42-+SO2) was 0.31-0.89 in continentally originated air while was 0.25-0.43 in the air having passed the volcano, showing more efficient conversions of SO2 to sulfate in the air from the continent. The close dependence of the conversion on humidity in the continentally originated air was confirmed. Particulate sulfate in PM2.5, sulfur dioxide (SO2) and size-segregated aerosol particle number concentrations were measured at a site (32° 9′N, 129° 59′E) on the southwestern Japan coast from 5 March to 10April, 2010. Results show frequent episodic increases of sulfate and SO2. Compared to the average concentration of sulfate 4.4±2.7 μg m-3 in the whole observation period, episodic sulfate reached 10.5-20.1 μg m-3. The variation of sulfate always synchronized with aerosol particles in the size range of 0.1-0.5 μm,indicating the episodic sulfate was a consequence of the increase of the sub-micron particles. SO2 did not have remarkable increase in any episodes of sulfate increase. During the passage of low pressure systems which loaded Asian dust in postfrontal air, concentrated sulfate appeared right behind the front but before dust arrival, suggesting the dominance of dustfree particulate sulfate. Weather and backward trajectory analyses revealed that air parcels with high sulfate passed eastern and northeastern China or Korean peninsula before arriving at the site. In contrast,those with high SO2 passed an active volcano,Mt. Sakurajima, about 100 km in the south, suggesting the SO2 was more likely from the volcanic emission. The ratio of sulfate to total sulfur compounds (SO42-)/(SO42-+SO2) was 0.31-0.89 in continentally originated air while was 0.25-0.43 in the air having passed the volcano, showing more efficient conversions of SO2 to sulfate in the air from the continent. The close dependence of the conversion on humidity in the continentally originated air was confirmed.
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Kochi, Yuta,Yamada, Ryo,Suzuki, Akari,Harley, John B,Shirasawa, Senji,Sawada, Tetsuji,Bae, Sang-Cheol,Tokuhiro, Shinya,Chang, Xiaotian,Sekine, Akihiro,Takahashi, Atsushi,Tsunoda, Tatsuhiko,Ohnishi, Yo Nature Publishing Group 2005 Nature genetics Vol.37 No.5
Rheumatoid arthritis is a common autoimmune disease with a complex genetic etiology. Here we identify a SNP in the promoter region of FCRL3, a member of the Fc receptor-like family, that is associated with susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis (odds ratio = 2.15, P = 0.00000085). This polymorphism alters the binding affinity of nuclear factor-κB and regulates FCRL3 expression. We observed high FCRL3 expression on B cells and augmented autoantibody production in individuals with the disease-susceptible genotype. We also found associations between the SNP and susceptibility to autoimmune thyroid disease and systemic lupus erythematosus. FCRL3 may therefore have a pivotal role in autoimmunity.
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Health and Income Variation – A Panel Data Study on the Developed and Less Developed Economies
I-MING CHIU,TETSUJI YAMADA,CHIA-CHING CHEN 한국국제경제학회 2011 International Economic Journal Vol.25 No.2
In this paper, human capital in the form of ‘health status’ is introduced into a neoclassical economic growth model as one of the main factors differentiating rich and poor countries. Various panel data models are used to examine how health and other growth factors affect average income in different countries. Our main empirical finding indicates that a one-year increase in life expectancy (the health status measure) raises GDP per capita by 0.5–0.9%. Based on this result, a baseline health status can be established to help poor countries achieve a targeted economic growth rate.
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