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Soft Tissue Profiles of Young Oriental Adults
Park, Young-Guk,Chung, Kyu-Rhim,Chu, Stephen,Fu, Min-Kui 대한치과교정학회 1997 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.27 No.6
이 연구는 정상 교합과 양호한 안모를 가진 169명의 남자와 174명의 여자 아시아 각국인을 대상으로 연조직 측모의 특징을 비교 분석하기 위하여 시행되었다. 100명의 한국인, 100명의 중국인, 72명의 월남인 및 71명의 일본인으로부터 촬영된 측모두부방사선사진 상에서 9개의 계측점을 설정하고 전산 입력한 뒤 6 개의 연조직 계측 항목에 대한 측정을 시행한 후 통계 처리하였다. 분산 분석에서 중국인의 총 측모(Gl'-Pr'-Pg')는 한국인이나 월남인에서 보다 적은 돌출도를 보였다(P<0.01). 중국인의 안면평면측모(Gl'-Sn'-Pg')역시 월남인 보다 적은 돌출각을 나타내었다(P<0.01). 홀더웨이의 하순각(Pg'-LS:N-B)은 월남인에서 가장 컸고 다음으로 중국인, 한국인, 일본인의 순으로 크게 나타났다. 월남인의 상순은 중국인에서 보다 리켗츠의 심미적 기준선에 더 많이 근접하였고 한국인과 일본인에서의 상순은 기준선보다 후방에 위치하였다. 한국인과 일본인의 하순은 심미적 기준선에 근접한 반면 중국인과 월남인의 하순은 기준선 보다 2mm전방에 위치하였다. 한국인과 월남인의 비순각은 중국인과 일본인에서 보다 큰 것으로 나타났다. 남녀간의 성차는 기본적으로 코의 높이에서 상이하였고 이로 인하여 여자에서의 총 측모각과 비순간이 남자보다 크게 나타났다(P<0.001). 이러한 결과는 아시아 각국인들의 연조직 측모에 대하여 단일 표준치에 의한 분석평가가 적절하지 않으며 각 인종별 표준치 설정의 필요성을 시사한다. The purpose of this study was to compare four groups of Oriental young adults(169 males and 174 females) with normal occlusion and well balanced faced. Lateral cephalograms of 100 Koreans, 100 Chinese, 72 Vietnamese and 71 Japanese were digitized and six profile measures were computed. Analyses of variance showed that total profile(Gl'-Pr'-Pg') of Chinese was significantly less convex than the profile of Koreans of Vietnamese. Facial profile(Gl'-Pr'-Pg') of Chinese was also significantly less convex than that of Vietnamese. Holdaway's soft tissue angle(Pg'-LS:N-B) was significantly greater in Vietnamese than Chinese and Korean, who were in turn greater than Japanese. The upper lip of Vietnamese is significantly closer to Ricketts' esthetic plane, than Chinese; Koreans and Japanese are significantly further behind the plane than Chinese. The lower lip of Koreans and Japanese was close to the esthetic plane, while Chinese and Vietnamese were approximately 2mm ahead. The nasolabial angle was significantly smaller for Chinese and Japanese than Koreans and Vietnamese. Sex differences were primarily dependent on the nose; total facial convexity and the nasolabial angle were significantly larger in females than males. The results of this study demonstrate that a single standard of facial profile is not sufficient or appropriate for Oriental patients.
Boandoh, Stephen,Agyapong-Fordjour, Frederick Osei-Tutu,Choi, Soo Ho,Lee, Joo Song,Park, Ji-Hoon,Ko, Hayoung,Han, Gyeongtak,Yun, Seok Joon,Park, Sehwan,Kim, Young-Min,Yang, Woochul,Lee, Young Hee,Kim, American Chemical Society 2019 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.11 No.1
<P>Two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures exhibit novel physical and chemical properties, allowing the development of unprecedented electronic, optical, and electrochemical devices. However, the construction of wafer-scale vdW heterostructures for practical applications is still limited due to the lack of well-established growth and transfer techniques. Herein, we report a method for the fabrication of wafer-scale 2D vdW heterostructures with an ultraclean interface between layers via the aid of a freestanding viscoelastic polymer support layer (VEPSL). The low glass transition temperature (<I>T</I><SUB>g</SUB>) and viscoelastic nature of the VEPSL ensure absolute conformal contact between 2D layers, enabling the easy pick-up of layers and attaching to other 2D layers. This eventually leads to the construction of random sequence 2D vdW heterostructures such as molybdenum disulfide/tungsten disulfide/molybdenum diselenide/tungsten diselenide/hexagonal boron nitride. Furthermore, the VEPSL allows the conformal transfer of 2D vdW heterostructures onto arbitrary substrates, irrespective of surface roughness. To demonstrate the significance of the ultraclean interface, the fabricated molybdenum disulfide/graphene heterostructure employed as an electrocatalyst yielded excellent results of 73.1 mV·dec<SUP>-1</SUP> for the Tafel slope and 0.12 kΩ of charge transfer resistance, which are almost twice as low as that of the impurity-trapped heterostructure.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
Kang, Stephen Dongmin,Lim, Seong Chu,Lee, Eui-Sup,Cho, Young Woo,Kim, Yong-Hyun,Lyeo, Ho-Ki,Lee, Young Hee American Chemical Society 2012 ACS NANO Vol.6 No.5
<P>Thermal transport at carbon nanotube (CNT) interfaces was investigated by characterizing the interfacial thermal conductance between metallic or semiconducting CNTs and three different surfactants. We thereby resolved a difference between metallic and semiconducting CNTs. CNT portions separated by their electronic type were prepared in aqueous suspensions. After slightly heating the CNTs dispersed in the suspension, we obtained cooling curves by monitoring the transient changes in absorption, and from these cooling curves, we extracted the interfacial thermal conductance by modeling the thermal system. We found that the semiconducting CNTs unexpectedly exhibited a higher conductance of 11.5 MW/m<SUP>2</SUP>·K than that of metallic CNTs (9 MW/m<SUP>2</SUP>·K). Meanwhile, the type of surfactants hardly influenced the heat transport at the interface. The surfactant dependence is understood in terms of the coupling between the low-frequency vibrational modes of the CNTs and the surfactants. Explanations for the electronic-type dependency are considered based on the defect density in CNTs and the packing density of surfactants.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2012/ancac3.2012.6.issue-5/nn2049762/production/images/medium/nn-2011-049762_0005.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn2049762'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Chae, Sun Young,Choi, Chang-Min,Shim, Tae Sun,Park, Yangsoon,Park, Chan-Sik,Lee, Hyo Sang,Lee, Sang Ju,Oh, Seung Jun,Kim, Seog-Young,Baek, Sora,Koglin, Norman,Stephens, Andrew W.,Dinkelborg, Ludger M. Society of Nuclear Medicine 2016 The Journal of nuclear medicine Vol.57 No.1
<P>We explored system x(C)(-) transporter activity and the detection of inflammatory or infectious lesions using (4S)4-(3-F-18-fluoropropyl)-L-glutamate (F-18-FSPG) PET. Methods: In 10 patients with various inflammatory or infectious diseases, as many as 5 of the largest lesions were selected as reference lesions. F-18-FSPG images were assessed visually and quantitatively. Expression levels of xCT, CD44, and surface markers of inflammatory cells were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Results: F-18-FSPG PET detected all reference lesions. F-18-FSPG uptake in sarcoidosis was significantly higher than that in nonsarcoidosis. The lesion-to-blood-pool SUV ratio for F-18-FSPG was comparable to that for F-18-FDG in sarcoidosis. In nonsarcoidosis, however, it was significantly lower. In 5 patients with available tissue samples, the SUVmax for F-18-FSPG and CD163 were negatively correlated (p = -0.872, P = 0.054). Conclusion: F-18-FSPG PET may detect inflammatory lesions when activated macrophages or monocytes are present, such as in sarcoidosis.</P>
Chung, Sang Woon,Kim, Ji Min,Kim, Dae Hyun,Kim, Ji Young,Lee, Eun Kyeong,Anton, Stephen,Jeong, Kyu Shik,Lee, Jaewon,Yoo, Mi Ae,Kim, Young Jin,Yu, Byung Pal,Chung, Hae Young Academic Press 2010 Radiation research Vol.173 No.5
<P>Exposure to gamma radiation causes a wide variety of biological damages and alterations, including oxidative stress. Among the key cellular components that are exquisitely sensitive to oxidative stress is the transcription factor nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B, which plays a central role in the activation of various pro-inflammatory genes. Recently, senescence marker protein 30 (SMP30), which has been used as an aging marker, was shown to have an antioxidant property. In the current study, using SMP30 knockout (SMP30(-/-)) mice that are vitamin C-deficient, we explored the effect of radiation on the activation of NF-kappa B and several key pro-inflammatory genes. Six groups of mice were studied. Group I mice were not irradiated and were supplemented with vitamin C (2.5 mg/kg/day). Group 2 mice were irradiated and were not supplemented with vitamin C. Group 3, 4 and 5 mice were irradiated with 1, 3 and 5 Gy of gamma radiation ((60)Co), respectively, without vitamin C supplementation. The wild-type mice (SMP30(+/+)) in group 6 were not irradiated or supplemented. At 24 h after irradiation, mice were killed humanely and the kidneys were removed analysis. The results showed that gamma radiation induced oxidative stress with corresponding NF-kappa B activation; this activated NF-kappa B led to the up-regulation of several major pro-inflammatory mediators such as COX-2, iNOS, VCAM1, ICAM1 and E-selectin in irradiated groups with no vitamin C supplementation. Our data provide molecular insights into mechanisms through which gamma radiation enhances oxidative stress-induced inflammation by showing the activation of NF-kappa B signaling pathway in vitamin C-deficient SMP30(-/-) mice. In addition, our present study produced evidence that gamma radiation exerts its deleterious action by activating the inflammatory process that are known to be a major risk factor for many chronic diseases. Furthermore, our data revealed vitamin C may play an important protective role in attenuating the adverse gamma-radiation-induced adverse effects by suppressing adverse oxidative effects and pro-inflammatory mediators. (C) 2010 by Radiation Research Society</P>
Chung, Sang-Woon,Kim, Mi-Kyung,Chung, Jae-Heun,Kim, Dae-Hyun,Choi, Jae-Sue,Anton, Stephen,Seo, Arnold Y.,Park, Kun-Young,Yokozawa, Takako,Rhee, Sook-Hee,Yu, Byung-Pal,Chung, Hae-Young The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.2
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), members of the nuclear hormone receptor family, are key regulators of various metabolic pathways related to lipid and glucose metabolism as well as inflammation. We examined the effect of zingerone, a major ingredient of ginger, on PPAR, hepatic nuclear factor-4 (HNF-4), and nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ (NF-${\kappa}B$) expression in 21-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats. Two experimental groups receiving doses of either 2 or 8 mg/kg/day zingerone for 10 days were compared with young rats (6 months old) and an age-matched control group. For molecular work, the endothelial cell line YPEN-1 was used. Both the 2 and 8 mg/kg/day dose of zingerone significantly increased DNA binding activities of PPARs (2.8-fold). Expression of HNF-4 was also increased in the group receiving the 8 mg/kg/day dose. We further showed that zingerone partially prevented the age-related decline in PPAR expression. In vitro experiments revealed zingerone ($10\;{\mu}M$) increased PPAR expression (2.5-fold) to a similar extent as the PPAR agonist fibrate ($5\;{\mu}M$) and suppressed pro-inflammatory transcription factor NF-${\kappa}B$ activity. Collectively, our findings suggest that zingerone exerts its potent anti-inflammatory action by increasing HNF-4 and PPAR activities, while suppressing NF-${\kappa}B$ activity.