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RISS 인기검색어
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- 저자 : Smith Alison A. (검색결과 4 건)
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Proceedings from the Ice Hockey Summit III: Action on Concussion
Aynsley M Smith(Aynsley M Smith ),Patrick A Alford(Patrick A Alford ),Mark Aubry(Mark Aubry ),Brian Benson(Brian Benson ),Amanda Black(Amanda Black ),Alison Brooks(Alison Brooks ),Charles Burke(Charle 사피엔시아 2019 Exercise Medicine Vol.3 No.-
Objectives: The Ice Hockey Summit III provided updated scientific evidence on concussions in hockey to inform these five objectives: (1) describe sport related concussion (SRC) epidemiology, (2) classify prevention strategies, (3) define objective, diagnostic tests, (4) identify treatment and (5) integrate science and clinical care into prioritized action plans and policy. Methods: Our action plan evolved from 40 scientific presentations. The 155 attendees (physicians, athletic trainers, physical therapists, nurses, neuropsychologists, scientists, engineers, coaches and officials) voted to prioritize these action items in the final Summit session. Results: (1) establish a national and international hockey data base for SRCs at all levels; (2) eliminate body checking in Bantam youth hockey games; (3) expand a behavior modification program (Fair Play) to all youth hockey levels; (4) enforce game ejection penalties for fighting in Junior A and professional hockey leagues; (5) establish objective tests to diagnose concussion at point of care (POC); and (6) mandate baseline testing to improve concussion diagnosis for all age groups. Conclusions: Expedient implementation of the Summit III prioritized action items is necessary to reduce the risk, severity and consequences of concussion in the sport of ice hockey.
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Smith Alison A.,Bellows Charles F. 대한창상학회 2022 Journal of Wound Management and Research Vol.18 No.3
Background: Chronic wounds are a serious medical condition affecting over 6 million people in the United States. Biofilms, which alter the host immune response and establish a microenvironment that prevents wound healing, are intimately associated with the development of chronic wounds. Current treatment options do not specifically target the underlying molecular mechanisms of biofilm pathology. Paracrine factors secreted by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been demonstrated to play an important role in wound healing. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of the paracrine factors secreted from MSCs on reducing infection and accelerating wound closure in biofilm-infected wounds.Methods: MSCs were cultured by seeding on an extracellular matrix (ECM). The supernatant from MSCs containing paracrine factors were applied to mature <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> biofilms <i>in vitro</i> and the number of viable bacteria were quantitated. BALB/cJ mice were wounded and infected with <i>P. aeruginosa</i> biofilms and the paracrine factors from reprogrammed MSCs were applied topically. The wound surface area and colony forming units counts of the treatment group were compared to control (culture media) and biofilm (untreated) groups. Results: The paracrine factors from MSCs grown on ECM were found to reduce <i>P. aeruginosa</i> biofilm growth significantly (P<0.01). Wounds in the treatment group had lower bacterial counts and an increased rate of wound closure compared to non-treated mice wounds. Conclusion: The results indicate that paracrine factors from reprogrammed MSCs accelerated wound healing and reduced the bacterial burden in biofilm-infected wounds. Future studies are needed to further characterize this phenomenon.
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Erika A. Alvarado,Feresa P. Cabrera,Monica O. Paiano,James T. Fumo,Heather L. Spalding,Celia M. Smith,Jason C. Leonard,Keolohilani H. Lopes Jr.,Randall K. Kosaki,Alison R. Sherwood 한국조류학회I 2022 ALGAE Vol.37 No.4
Two genera of the Rhodymeniales, Halopeltis and Leptofauchea, are here reported for the first time from the Hawaiian Islands and represent the deepest records for both genera. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI), rbcL, and large subunit ribosomal DNA (LSU) sequences for Hawaiian specimens of Leptofauchea revealed one well-supported clade of Hawaiian specimens and three additional lineages. One of these clades is described here as Leptofauchea huawelau sp. nov., and is thus far known only from mesophotic depths at Penguin Bank in the Main Hawaiian Islands. Leptofauchea huawelau sp. nov. is up to 21 cm, and is the largest known species. An additional lineage identified in the LSU and rbcL analyses corresponds to the recently described L. lucida from Western Australia, and is a new record for Hawai‘i. Hawaiian Halopeltis formed a well-supported clade along with H. adnata from Korea, the recently described H. tanakae from mesophotic depths in Japan, and H. willisii from North Carolina, and is here described as Halopeltis nuahilihilia sp. nov. H. nuahilihilia sp. nov. has a distinctive morphology of narrow vegetative axes that harbor constrictions along their length. The current distribution of H. nuahilihilia includes mesophotic depths around W. Maui, W. Moloka‘i, and the island of Hawai‘i in the Main Hawaiian Islands. Few reproductive characters were observed because of the small number of specimens available; however, both species are distinct based on phylogeny and morphology. These descriptions further emphasize the Hawaiian mesophotic zone as a location harboring many undescribed species of marine macroalgae.
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Brodie, Juliet,Chan, Cheong Xin,De Clerck, Olivier,Cock, J. Mark,Coelho, Susana M.,Gachon, Claire,Grossman, Arthur R.,Mock, Thomas,Raven, John A.,Smith, Alison G.,Yoon, Hwan Su,Bhattacharya, Debashish Elsevier 2017 Trends in plant science Vol.22 No.8
<P>Algae are (mostly) photosynthetic eukaryotes that occupy multiple branches of the tree of life, and are vital for planet function and health. In this review, we highlight a transformative period in studies of the evolution and functioning of this extraordinary group of organisms and their potential for novel applications, wrought by high-throughput ‘omic’ and reverse genetic methods. We cover the origin and diversification of algal groups, explore advances in understanding the link between phenotype and genotype, consider algal sex determination, and review progress in understanding the roots of algal multicellularity. Experimental evolution studies to determine how algae evolve in changing environments are highlighted, as is their potential as production platforms for compounds of commercial interest, such as biofuel precursors, nutraceuticals, or therapeutics.</P> <P><B>Trends</B></P> <P>Application of modern ‘omic and genetic methods has significantly advanced our understanding of the origin, evolution, and metabolic potential of unicellular and multicellular algae, as well as their diverse modes of sexual reproduction.</P> <P>The GreenCut proteins, a conserved gene set in the Viridiplantae, are primarily plastid targeted and have key roles in the function and regulation of photosynthesis, including the maintenance of photosynthetic reaction complexes.</P> <P>Lab evolution experiments demonstrate the strong adaptability of microalgae to environmental changes that are associated with climate change, although it is unclear whether these results will hold in natural ecosystems.</P> <P>The development of algae as ‘cell factories’ promises to allow the production of not only endogenous molecules, but also non-native compounds such as high-value pigments, bulk chemicals, or even therapeutic proteins.</P>
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