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Antonopoulos, Chris G.,Skokos, Charalampos,Bountis, Tassos,Flach, Sergej Elsevier 2017 Chaos, solitons, and fractals Vol.104 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In the study of subdiffusive wave-packet spreading in disordered Klein–Gordon (KG) nonlinear lattices, a central open question is whether the motion continues to be chaotic despite decreasing densities, or tends to become quasi-periodic as nonlinear terms become negligible. In a recent study of such KG particle chains with quartic (4th order) anharmonicity in the on-site potential it was shown that q − Gaussian probability distribution functions of sums of position observables with <I>q</I> > 1 always approach pure Gaussians ( q = 1 ) in the long time limit and hence the motion of the full system is ultimately “strongly chaotic”. In the present paper, we show that these results continue to hold even when a sextic (6th order) term is gradually added to the potential and ultimately prevails over the 4th order anharmonicity, despite expectations that the dynamics is more “regular”, at least in the regime of small oscillations. Analyzing this system in the subdiffusive energy domain using <I>q</I>-statistics, we demonstrate that groups of oscillators centered around the initially excited one (as well as the full chain) possess strongly chaotic dynamics and are thus far from any quasi-periodic torus, for times as long as t = <SUP> 10 9 </SUP> .</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We contribute to the debate concerning the asymptotic behavior of wavepacket spreading in nonlinear, disordered lattices, which is an issue of interest in the last years. </LI> <LI> Using numerical techniques of chaos theory (computations of Lyapunov exponents) and statistical physics (q-statistics, Tsallis entropy) we provide, for a set of Klein–Gordon disordered lattices with higher than 4th order nonlinearity in their on-site potential, strong numerical evidences that wave packet spreading remains strongly chaotic for very long times. </LI> <LI> Our findings clearly suggest that the overall motion in the considered systems does not approach the quasi-periodic regime of invariant tori as conjectured by some authors. </LI> </UL> </P>
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