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Bioanode of Polyurethane/Graphite/Polypyrrole Composite in Microbial Fuel Cells
Pedro Perez-Rodriguez,Víctor M. Ovando-Medina,Silvia Y. Martinez-Amador,Jose A. Rodriguez-de la Garza 한국생물공학회 2016 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.21 No.2
Polyurethane (PU) foams were coated with graphite, and pyrrole monomer was subsequently polymerized onto its surface by chemical oxidization to obtain nanostructured polyurethane/graphite/polypyrrole (PU/Graph/PPy) composites, which were used for anaerobic microorganisms grown and tested as anodes in microbial fuel cells (MFC) using municipal wastewater as fuel. The effects of oxidizing agent type (ammonium persulfate and FeCl3) used in pyrrole polymerization on the performance of electrodes in MFC were studied. Composites were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and by the four-point probes to determine conductivity. It was observed from SEM analysis that globular nanostructures of PPy were formed onto PU surface with average diameters between 120 and 450 nm, which are typical of aqueous polymerization of pyrrole monomer. The highest output power density observed in MFCs was 305.5 mW/m3 for the composite synthesized using FeCl3 as the oxidant, and 128.6 mW/m3 using the composite obtained with ammonium persulfate as oxidizing; the corresponding chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal were 48.2 and 45.5%, respectively. The calculated coulombic efficiency for PU/Graph/PPy composite obtained with FeCl3 as oxidant was of 9.4%. Internal resistance of MFC using the composite obtained with FeCl3 as oxidant was determined by linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and the variable resistance (VR) methods, giving 4.8 and 2.9 kΩ, respectively, with average maximum power density of 237.5 mW/m3.
Ramos-Guerrero, Anelsy,Gonzalez-Estrada, Ramses Ramon,Hanako-Rosas, Greta,Bautista-Banos, Silvia,Acevedo-Hernandez, Gustavo,Tiznado-Hernandez, Martin Ernesto,Gutierrez-Martinez, Porfirio 한국식품과학회 2018 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.27 No.3
Soursop (Annona muricata) is a tropical fruit that can be infected by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Rhizopus stolonifer. Traditional methods used for postharvest disease control include the application of fungicides, however due to their excessive use, as well as their persistence in the environment, the development of new strategies that control pathogens are required. The application of chitosan (Chi), salicylic acid (SA) and methyl jasmonate (MJ) is an environmentally-friendly alternative with antimicrobial properties and also induces defense mechanisms in plant tissues. In this study, Colletotrichum was reactivated and Rhizopus was identified using morphological features and molecular tools. In vitro, the application of 0.5 and 1.0% of Chi alone or in combination with SA and MJ decreased mycelial growth and sporulation, a complete inhibition of spore germination was obtained. Thus, the application of Chi in combination with SA and MJ could be a smart strategy to inhibit the development of pathogens that attack soursop fruit.
Daniela Agustina Feas,Daniela Edith Igartúa,María Natalia Calienni,Carolina Soledad Martinez,Marina Pifano,Nadia Silvia Chiaramoni,Silvia del Valle Alonso,María Jimena Prieto 한국약제학회 2017 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.47 No.5
Valproic acid (VPA) is an antiepileptic drug, which is currently used in neurodegenerative diseases. However, a high dose is required to obtain a therapeutic effect. Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as omega 3 and omega 6, are efficient complements in treatments for neurological diseases. Previous studies have reported that a dietary supplement containing PUFAs together with the administration of antiepileptic drugs significantly reduces the frequency of seizures. Based on this, the main goal of this work was to obtain a complex based on VPA encapsulation in an oil/water (o/w) nutraceutical emulsion (NE) enriched with PUFAs for oral administration. Besides, encapsulation of VPA might reduce its dose and increase its therapeutic effect. In order to study its effect, we used a zebrafish larvae model of induced epileptiform behavior with the proconvulsant drug pentylenetetrazol (PTZ). Results have shown that when 100 μM VPA and fatty acids were combined in the NE (NE-VPA), the epileptiform behavior of PTZ-treated zebrafish larvae decreased significantly. Additionally, morphological changes, hepatotoxicity, lethality and heart rate were studied. Despite the fact that a high dose of VPA exerted a cardiotoxic effect, this was no longer detected after addition of this drug in the NE. This treatment exerted a significant antiepileptic effect and did not result in highly toxic or lethal effects. In order to develop an improved pharmaceutical treatment, and considering that all the components used are FDA approved for consumption, the NE-VPA selected might be easily incorporated into clinical trials.