3D flexible Si based-composite (Si@Si₃N₄)/CNF electrode with enhanced cyclability and high rate capability for lithium-ion batteries

Kim, Si-Jin,Kim, Min-Cheol,Han, Sang-Beom,Lee, Gyu-Ho,Choe, Hui-Seon,Kwak, Da-Hee,Choi, Sun-Yong,Son, Byung-Goo,Shin, Myoung-Sun,Park, Kyung-Won Elsevier 2016 Nano energy Vol.27 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Despite extremely high capacity of Si-based anodes in lithium-ion batteries (LIB), Si-based materials have shown a structural collapse caused by a volumetric expansion/contraction during the cycling process. The conventional electrode structure, which consists of active materials, a current collector, a conducting agent, and a binder, actually showed a low loading of active material due to the other heavy components. In this study, we prepared a 3D flexible Si-composite electrode consisting of core (Si)-shell (Si<SUB>3</SUB>N<SUB>4</SUB>) NPs (Si@Si<SUB>3</SUB>N<SUB>4</SUB>) and carbon nanofibers (denoted as Si-composite/CNF). The Si-composite/CNF was directly utilized as an anode in the absence of the other components was electrochemically evaluated using a coin-type cell. The Si-composite/CNF showed a high capacity of 665mAhg<SUP>−1</SUP> at a fairly high current density of 10Ag<SUP>−1</SUP> and an extremely low capacity loss for 2000 cycles.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We prepared Si-composite/CNF exhibits a 3D flexible Si-composite electrode. </LI> <LI> The electrode consists of core (Si)-shell (Si<SUB>3</SUB>N<SUB>4</SUB>) NPs (Si@Si<SUB>3</SUB>N<SUB>4</SUB>) and carbon nanofibers. </LI> <LI> The Si-composite/CNF was directly utilized as an anode. </LI> <LI> Si-composite /CNF exhibited high specific capacity and improved high rate cycling performance. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

燃料林造成에 關한 硏究 : 第2報 : 農山村農家一戶當 燃料林(아까시아나무)所要面積에 關한 調査硏究

金是璟,金在慶 진주산업대학교 1976 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

效果的인 燃料林造成을 爲한 適定燃料林 所要面積을 調査코자 1975年 2月∼1976年 5月까지 木校演習林(慶南 山淸郡 今西面)中 点生하고 있는 旣成燃料林分(아까시아)을 對象으로 하여 調査한바 그 結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다. 1). 8年生 根株에서 最大 및 最小萌芽本數는 各各 19本 및 5本이 發生되었으며, ha當 總本數는 28,280本으로 材積은 3.723㎥(2.98ton)로 調査되었다. 2). 5年生 根株에서 生立된 單幹狀의 本數는 ha當 2,890本으로 總材積은 15.895㎥(12.72ton)로서 年間 平均材積成長量은 3.974㎥(3.18ton)로 調査되었다. 3). 本調査에서는 燃料林(아까시아나무의 ha當 平均材積成長量이 3.974㎥(3.18ton)에 불과하나 合理的인 燃料林經營을 한다면 2∼3倍의 增收가 確實하며 또한 林産副産物 및 農業副産物을 燃料로 使用할 수 있으므로 農家一戶當 1ha의 燃料林을 造成하여 4年을 伐期로 連進帶狀皆伐法에 의해 萌芽更新을 實施한다면 農山村의 所要燃料量을 充當할 수 있을것으로 思料된다. This study was carried out to make the basic investigation fot the establishment of the fuel wood land from Feb. 1973 to May 1974. It was attempted to investigate the year fuel consumption for a standard farm house at the mountain village, farm land village, and the suburban farm village, and also to investigate the requirement of appropriate area of the fuel wood land, and it was investigated at the stand of Robinia pseudoacacia L. scattered in college forest located San Cheong, Kyung Nam. The results were summarized as follows. 1). The number of the maximum and minimum 8 year's sprouts which were grown at the root stock of Robinia pseudoacacia L. was 19 trees and 5 trees each. The number of the total tree per one hectare were 28,28O trees, and the volume of those were 3.723㎥(2.98tons). 2). The number of one stem form tree grown 5year's root stock of Robinia pseudoacacia L. was 2,980 trees, per one hectare. The total volume of the those was 15,895㎥(12.72tons), and the average year growth of volume was 3,974㎥(3.2tons). 3). The average year growth of Robinia pseudoacacia L. will be increased more than twice or three times comparing to the above through the more effective management of the fuel wood 1and, and when the four year term for final cutting are fol1owed the sprout reproduction by the progressive clear cutting in strip, and the by-products of agriculture and forest are used for the fuel, One hectare of the fuel wood land will be enough to the average year fuel consumption needed for the mountain and farm land village.

화백나무의 통나무直徑과 邊材率과의 關係에 關한 硏究

金是璟,黃震聲 진주산업대학교 1969 論文集 Vol.3 No.-

本校樹木園産의 화백나무에 關한 통나무直徑과 心材部直徑 및 邊材率과의 關係를 調査硏究한 結果를 要約하면 다음과같다. 1. 화백나무의 통나무直徑에서 心材部直徑을 求하는 實驗式 d=0.75698 D-0.12244를 決定하고 이 兩直徑間의 相關係數 r=+0.9901±0.0027이 計算되었으므로 高度의 有意性이 認定되었다. 2. 화백나무의 통나무直徑과 心材部直徑과의 關係는 大略直線的인 事實이라는 것을 알 수 있었다. 3. 화백나무의 통나무 直徑이 增大함에 따라 心材部直徑도 增大하며, 邊材部의 두께 亦是 점차 增大하다가 통나무直徑이 一定한 크기 以上으로 되면, 그 두께가 아주 微微하나마 減少되는 傾向이 있으며, 아울러 邊材率은 直徑이 增大할수록 減少되는 事實을 알 수 있었다. The results obtained from the investigation of the relations among the log-diameter, the heart wood-diameter, and the sap wood rate of Sawara-Cypress planted on the arboretum of our college are as follows: 1) Remarkable the significance of difference is admitted because the empirical formula d=0.75698 D-0.12244 which is used in finding the heart wood-diameter in the log-diameter of Sawara-Cypress is decided and correlation coefficient r=0.9901±0.0027 between the two diameters is calculated. 2) The relation between the log-diameter and the heart wood-diameter of Sawara-Cypress is understood as the almost straight line. 3) According as the log-diameter of Sawara-Cypress is enlarged the heart wood-diameter is enlarged and also the thickness of the sap wood is gradually enlarged, but according as the log-diameter reaches to a certain scope the thickness of the sap wood shows tendency to decrease slightly and the sap wood rate is decreased according as the log-diameter is enlarged.

燃料林造成에 關한 硏究 : 第1報 : 農山村 標準農家一戶當 所要燃料量에 關한 調査硏究

金在慶,金是璟 진주산업대학교 1976 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

效率的인 燃料林造成을 위한 基礎調査로서 農山村의 標準農家一戶當 年間 燃料消費量을 調査코자 1975年 2月부터 1976年 3月까지 西部慶南一圓을 對象地域으로 하여 山村, 農村 및 都市近郊農村으로 區分하여 調査한 結果을 要約하면 다음과 같다. 1). 一般的으로 標準農家一戶當 年間 燃料消費量은 林産燃料가 山村에 있어서 6,9ton程度, 農村은 8.9ton程度이며, 都市近郊農村에서는 3.3ton程度 消費하며 또한 都市近郊農村에서는 이 以外에도 農業副産物燃料인 짚類가 1.7ton, 煉炭1.3ton, 石油 90ℓ程度 消費하고 있는 實情이었다. 2). 寒冷한 山間僻地의 山村보다 溫暖한 農村이, 農村보다 都市近郊農村이 더 많은 量의 燃料를 消費하는 것은 經濟的與件과 地理的與件이 크게 作用하였고, 特히 山村民의 生活程度가 低所得의 階層으로 單調로운 食生活에 기인 되였다. This study was carried out to make the basic investigation for the establishment of the fue1 wood landfrom Feb. 1975. to March. I976. It has attempted to investigate the year fuel Consumption for a standard form house ot the mountain village, farm 1and village, and the suburban farm village. The results were summarized as follow. 1) The average year forest fuel-consumpton for a standard farm house was 6.9tons at the mountain villa ge, 8.9 tons at the farm land village, and 3.3 tons at the suburban farm village. At the suburban farm village the 90 L of the Kerosene, the 1.3 tons of the briquette, and the 1.7 tons ostraws as by-agricultura1 products were consumpted besides of 3.3tons of the forest fuel-consumption.

굴참나무林의 物質生産力에 關한 硏究

金是璟 진주산업대학교 1983 論文集 Vol.21 No.-

To study aboveground standing crops and productivity of 20­year­old Quercus variabilis forest, in the Experimental Forest of Jinju Agricultural and Forestry Junior Technical Collage located in sanchung, Gyeongnam, 12tres were sampled and cut off from the 20m×20m plot of them. And then stems, branches and leaves of sample tree were measured separatively by the stratified clipping method, and productive structure of its forest was analyzed, and the standing crops and net production of Quecus variabilis forest were calculated. The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1. To estimate standing crops for each organ, the regression equations were obtained as follows; log W_S = 1.0229 log D^2 + 2.0679 log W_B = 1.0719 log D^2 + 1.1970 log W_L = 0.8759 log D^2 + 1.2921 log W_S = 0.8238 log D^2 H + 1.7175 log W_B = 0.9403 log D^2 H + 0.6362 log W_L = 0.6809 log D^2 H + 1.0536 2. The total standing crops of aboveground was 76.66 ton/㏊, consisted of 57.65 ton/㏊ for stems, 13.75 ton/㏊ for branches and 5.26 ton/㏊ for leaves. 3. Annual net production setimated from standing crops was shown 4.73 ton/㏊. yr for stems, 1.17 ton/㏊·yr for branches, 0.37 ton/㏊. yr for leaves, and the percentage of production of stems, branches and leaves to net production aboveground were 75.44%, 18.66% and 5.90% respectively.

新羅 下代 華嚴宗의 構造와 傾向

曺庚時 부산대사학회 1989 역사와 세계 Vol.- No.13

일부 대학생의 방사선 이용에 대한 지식조사

홍시영 ; 나수경 김천대학교 2016 김천대학교 논문집 Vol.27 No.-

This study was attempted to investigate the level of knowledges on the use of radiations of some university students, that is to provide some useful information for designing education programs to improve the knowledge of the use of radia-tions. The survey was performed for 517 university students from Oct. 10 to Oct. 15, 2005. The results of this survey can be summarized as follows; students who didn't get educations for the use of radiations were recorded as 415 students (80.7%) in which the reason that they didn't get such educations was there were no chances to receive the education' as 265 students (77.9%). Regarding the survey on 'Energy productions using an atomic power plant can reduce electricity rates', the right answer was presented as the highest level (60.9%), the lowest rate of right answers was recorded in the survey on 'The average amount of atomic air raids of workers on the radiation related job pre-sented smaller levels than that of the average person'as 20.4%. The basic knowledge on the use of radiations was presented as a low level of 5.96 £ 2,90 points based on the sum of 15 points. There were significant differ-ences in these results statistically according to the age, sex, grade, majoring, score and experience of the education of radiations.

照度가 조릿대의 生育(現存量)에 미치는 影響

金是璟,金榮斗 진주산업대학교 1981 論文集 Vol.19 No.-

조릿대 群落地에 있어서 照度와 本數密度, 稈高 및 現存量間의 關係를 調査한 바 그 結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다. 1. 裸地에 生育하는 조릿대의 稈高는 114cm, 本數密度는 147本, 現存量인 葉量이 616gr 및 稈量은 1,753gr였다. 2. 照度가 낮은 林內에 들어 갈수록 이들 測定値는 減小되었는데 本數密度가 裸地의 1/2되는 곳의 相對照度는 3%였고 葉量 및 稈量이 裸地의 1/2되는 곳의 相對照度는 4%였다. 그러나 稈高에 있어서는 照度에 對한 反應이 敏感하지 않을 것으로 調査되었다. 3. 조릿대 群落地의 森林更新法으로는 낮은 照度를 維持할 수 있는 更新法이 바람직스러운 것으로 思料된다. This study was accomplished in order to investigate the influence that light intensity would affect culm number, culm height and biomass of Sasamorpha purpurascens var, borealis and the results were as follows 1. At open plots, culm height was 114cm, culm numbers were 147 trees, bilmass in leaves were 616 gsams and biomass in culms were 1753 grams. 2. The values of measurment of them were decreased with low degree of light intensity in forest, and relative light intensity of the place that was half culm density of open plot’s was 3%, and that of biomass in leaf and in calm was 4%. But in culm height it was investigated that the effect with the light intensity was not sensitive. 3. As the effective method of forest reproduction in forest which it’s stand is densed with Sasamorpha purpurascens var borealis, we considered that it would be suitable to maintain the low degree of light intensity in the forest.

몇 가지 樹種에 對한 年輪生長의 比較

金是璟 진주산업대학교 1975 論文集 Vol.13 No.-

몇가지 樹種에 대한 年輪生長을 比較하여 林木의 生長過程을 파악하므로서, 이에 對한 環境解釋을 시도하고, 나아가 收穫表作成에 참고자료를 얻고자 세樹種에 대한 根株部 年輪生長의 실태를 調査한바 이를 要約하면 다음과 같다. (1) 곰솔과 리기다소나무 두樹種은 稚樹期와 壯令期에 있어서 年輪生長의 極大現象을 나타내는 것으로 보아 週期生長이 認定되나, 이깔나무는 이와 같은 現象이 認定되지 않았다. (2) 林木의 밀도가 높은 이깔나무 林分에 있어서는 個體간의 경쟁이 치열하므로 同年度에 있어서 年輪生長의 起伏이 不齊한 것이 아닌가 생각된다. (3) 세樹種 다같이 年輪幅의 生長曲線이 上昇 또는 下降에 一致한 해에 있어서는 共通的으로 林木個體間의 경쟁을 消滅시킬 수 있는 정도의 강한 自然의 힘, 卽 共通的인 環境因子가 크게 作用한 것이 아닌가 생각된다. These examinations were carried out to know comparison on the annual rings incrment of some species about understanding growth process of trees and were investigated actual conditions of the annual rings increment of root-stocks about three trees in particular to realize the actions and the references of yield table of these. The results were summarized as follows: 1. As Japanes black pine and pitch pine showed to be maximun annual rings increment in the young growth and the old growth, these were recognized a periodic annual rings increment, but Korean larch was not recognized it. 2. The annual rings increment of Korean larch trees with high stand density were not identical in the individual case owing to strong competition among them in the year. 3. When the growth rate of annual rings width in three trees in the some way showed to be up and down, there was the strong natural power of common environmental factor as to extinct individual competition of trees similarly.

韓國과 사하라以南 블랙아프리카 諸國間의 經濟協力 方案에 관한 考察

金時慶 단국대학교 경영대학원 1985 經院論叢(壇國大學校) Vol.5 No.-