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Itakura Shuji,Yoshikawa Yuya,Togami Yasuhiro,Umezawa Kiwamu 한국응용곤충학회 2020 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.23 No.3
Termites are generally deficient in pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), which links glycolysis to the Krebs cycle; however, one termite species, Coptotermes formosanus, has some PDH activity, though it is not enough to maintain the respiration of the termite by itself. We obtained a high quality annotated draft genome of C. formosanus. We found that all genes constituting the PDH complex and controlling PDH activity are present in the genome of C. formosanus, except for the PDH protein X component that is essential for a functional PDH complex. Additionally, we found that C. formosanus has three endo-ß-1,4-glucanases (EGs), for which the amino acid sequences differ from those of previously reported EGs. Despite the ability of termites to convert cellulose to glucose and the resulting glucose to pyruvate, PDH is likely to function poorly due to a missing X component of the PDH complex.
Shuji Itakura,Kazuya Hattori,Kiwamu Umezawa 한국응용곤충학회 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.21 No.1
A total of 114 microRNAs (miRNAs) were identified for Coptotermes formosanus workers, while a total of 97miRNAs were identified for Reticulitermes speratus workers, of which 91 were common in C. formosanus and R. speratus. While the relationship between miRNA expression levels in C. formosanus and R. speratus workers had astrong positive correlation, considerable difference in miRNA expressions between C. formosanus and R. speratuswas observed. Among the miRNAs up-regulated in C. formosanus workers, miR-11-3p showed the highest expressionincrease of 2.30 fold, while miR-13b-3p showed the highest expression increase of 5.16 fold among theup-regulated miRNAs in R. speratus workers. Workers of C. formosanus and R. speratus seem to use differentmiRNAs, miR-11-3p in C. formosanus or miR-13b-3p in R. speratus, to regulate homeodomain transcription factorgenes, araucan, caupolican, and nubbin, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor genes, spineless and E(spl)m3-HLH, and zinc finger transcription factor gene, castor.