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Shin, Ji-Young,Lim, Hwang-Tae,Minai-Tehrani, Arash,Noh, Mi-Suk,Kim, Ji-Eun,Kim, Ji-Hye,Jiang, Hu-Lin,Arote, Rohidas,Kim, Doo-Yeol,Chae, Chanhee,Lee, Kee-Ho,Kim, Mi-Sook,Cho, Myung-Haing Oxford University Press 2012 Journal of radiation research Vol.53 No.4
<P>Radiotherapy alone has several limitations for treating lung cancer. Inhalation, a non-invasive approach for direct delivery of therapeutic agents to the lung, may help to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of radiation. Up-regulating beclin1, known as a tumor suppressor gene that plays a major role in autophagy, may sensitize tumors and lead to tumor regression in lungs of K-ras<SUP>LA1</SUP> lung cancer model mice. To minimize the side-effects of radiotherapy, fractionated exposures (five times, 24-h interval) with low dose (2 Gy) of radiation to the restricted area (thorax, 2 cm) were conducted. After sensitizing the lungs with radiation, beclin1, complexed with a nano-sized biodegradable poly(ester amine), was prepared and delivered into the murine lung via aerosol three times/week for four weeks. In a histopathological analysis, animals treated with beclin1 and radiation showed highly significant tumor regression and low progression to adenocarcinoma. An increase in the number of autophagic vacuoles and secondary lysosomes was detected. Dissociation of beclin1-bcl2 stimulated autophagy activation and showed a synergistic anti-tumor effect by inhibiting the Akt-mTOR pathway, cell proliferation and angiogenesis. The combination of radiation with non-invasive aerosol delivery of beclin1 may provide a prospect for developing novel therapy regimens applicable in clinics.</P>
Scanning Photoemission Microscopy of Graphene Sheets on SiO<sub>2</sub>
Kim, Ki-jeong,Lee, Hangil,Choi, Jae-Hyun,Youn, Young-Sang,Choi, Junghun,Lee, Hankoo,Kang, Tai-Hee,Jung, M. C.,Shin, H. J.,Lee, Hu-Jong,Kim, Sehun,Kim, Bongsoo WILEY-VCH Verlag 2008 Advanced materials Vol.20 No.19
<B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>Scanning photoemission microscopy (SPEM) images of a graphene flake as well as the C 1s core level spectra for the mono- and multilayer graphene are measured. The samples with lateral dimensions on the micrometer scale are prepared on a SiO<SUB>2</SUB> surface by direct exfoliation of crystalline graphite. Monolayer graphene is distinguished from the multilayer graphens through the chemical contrast images of SPEM. <img src='wiley_img/09359648-2008-20-19-ADMA200800742-content.gif' alt='wiley_img/09359648-2008-20-19-ADMA200800742-content'> </P>
Shin, Ki Won,Kim, Shin-Hu,Kim, Jun-Hwan,Hwang, Seong Don,Kang, Ju-Chan The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Scienc 2016 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.19 No.10
Rockfish, Sebastes schlegelii (mean length $14.53{\pm}1.14cm$ and mean weight $38.36{\pm}3.45g$), were exposed for 4 weeks with the different levels of ammonia in the concentrations of 0, 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/L at 19 and $24^{\circ}C$. The indicators of growth performance such as daily length gain, daily weight gain, condition factor, and hematosomatic index were significantly reduced by the ammonia exposure and high temperature. The ammonia exposure induced a significant decrease in hematological parameters, such as red blood cell (RBC) count, white blood cell (WBC) count, hemoglobin (Hb), and hematocrit (Ht), whose trend was more remarkable at $24^{\circ}C$. Mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were also notably decreased by the ammonia exposure. Blood ammonia concentration was considerably increased by the ammonia concentration exposure. In the serum components, the glucose, glutamic oxalate transaminase (GOT), and glutamic pyruvate transaminase (GPT) were substantially increased by the ammonia exposure, whereas total protein was significantly decreased. But, the calcium and magnesium were not considerably changed.
Enhanced optical response of hybridized VO2/graphene films.
Kim, Hyeongkeun,Kim, Yena,Kim, TaeYoung,Jang, A-Rang,Jeong, Hu Young,Han, Seung Ho,Yoon, Dae Ho,Shin, Hyeon Suk,Bae, Dong Jae,Kim, Keun Soo,Yang, Woo Seok RSC Pub 2013 Nanoscale Vol.5 No.7
<P>Application of graphene as transparent electrodes is an active research area due to its excellent electrical and optical properties. Vanadium dioxide (VO2) is an attractive material since it is a thermochromic material that undergoes a structural phase transition when heat is applied. The phase transition results in the change of electrical and optical characteristics. We report optical characteristics of hybrid materials of graphene and VO2. We observed a 12% improvement in infrared transmittance with VO2 films deposited on graphene sapphire substrates compared to that of bare sapphire substrates. We also found that the phase transition temperature decreases as the number of graphene layers on the substrates increases. In the case of VO2 films on the substrate that was coated with four layers of graphene, the mean phase transition temperature was lowered to 56 C.</P>
Kim, Ju Ho,Choi, Dae Seob,Kim, Seong-hu,Shin, Hwa Seon,Seo, Hyemin,Choi, Ho Cheol,Son, Seungnam,Tae, Woo Suk,Kim, Sam Soo Korean Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 2015 Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Vol.19 No.2
Purpose: To investigate the value of image post-processing software (FreeSurfer, IBASPM [individual brain atlases using statistical parametric mapping software]) and inversion time (TI) in volumetric analyses of the hippocampus and to identify differences in comparison with manual tracing. Materials and Methods: Brain images from 12 normal adults were acquired using magnetization prepared rapid acquisition gradient echo (MPRAGE) with a slice thickness of 1.3 mm and TI of 800, 900, 1000, and 1100 ms. Hippocampal volumes were measured using FreeSurfer, IBASPM and manual tracing. Statistical differences were examined using correlation analyses accounting for spatial interpretations percent volume overlap and percent volume difference. Results: FreeSurfer revealed a maximum percent volume overlap and maximum percent volume difference at TI = 800 ms ($77.1{\pm}2.9%$) and TI = 1100 ms ($13.1{\pm}2.1%$), respectively. The respective values for IBASPM were TI = 1100 ms ($55.3{\pm}9.1%$) and TI = 800 ms ($43.1{\pm}10.7%$). FreeSurfer presented a higher correlation than IBASPM but it was not statistically significant. Conclusion: FreeSurfer performed better in volumetric determination than IBASPM. Given the subjective nature of manual tracing, automated image acquisition and analysis image is accurate and preferable.
Evidence of Local Commensurate State with Lattice Match of Graphene on Hexagonal Boron Nitride
Kim, Na Yeon,Jeong, Hu Young,Kim, Jung Hwa,Kim, Gwangwoo,Shin, Hyeon Suk,Lee, Zonghoon American Chemical Society 2017 ACS NANO Vol.11 No.7
<P>Transition to a commensurate state changes the local symmetry periodicity on two-dimensional van der Waals superstructures, evoking distinctive properties far beyond individual layers. We investigate the morphology of moire superstructures of graphene on hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) with a low twist angle (approximate to 0 degrees) through moire fringe analyses with dark field transmission electron microscopy. The moire fringes exhibit local variation, suggesting that the interaction between graphene and hBN depends on the stacking configuration and that local transition to the commensurate state occurs through the reduced crystalline mismatch (that is, by lattice stretching and twisting on the graphene lattices). This moire superstructure analysis suggests an inventive method for studying the interaction between stacked van der Waals layers and for discerning the altered electronic and optical properties of graphene on hBN superstructures with a low twist angle, even at low magnification.</P>
Hu, Qicheng,Kim, Seul-Gi,Shin, Dong-Wook,Kim, Tae-Sung,Nam, Ki-Bong,Kim, Mun Ja,Chun, Hwan-Chul,Yoo, Ji-Beom Elsevier 2017 Carbon Vol.113 No.-
<P>In this work, large-scale (120 x 120 mm) nanometer-thick graphite films (NGFs) were synthesized on polycrystalline Ni foils using a 'two-stage' chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. An intermediate cooling process was included in the CVD process; this process affected the isothermal graphene growth, which is explained using a growth model. We mainly studied a graphite film with the thickness of similar to 40 nm and the good thickness uniformity was characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM), Raman spectroscopy and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) mapping. The graphite formed on the Ni grain boundary was analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The relationships between the thickness, optical and electrical properties of the NGF and growth temperature were also studied. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>