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Lin, Ligen,Lee, Jong Han,Wang, Ruitao,Wang, Ru,Sheikh‐,Hamad, David,Zang, Qun S.,Sun, Yuxiang MDPI 2018 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.19 No.10
<P>Ghrelin via its receptor, the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R), increases food intake and adiposity. The tissue-specific functions of GHS-R in peripheral tissues are mostly unknown. We previously reported that while GHS-R expression is very low in white and brown fat of young mice, expression increases during aging. To investigate whether GHS-R has cell-autonomous effects in adipose tissues, we generated <I>aP2</I>-Cre-mediated GHS-R knockdown mice (<I>aP2</I>-Cre/<I>Ghsr<SUP>f/f</SUP></I>). We studied young (5–6 months) and old (15–17 months) <I>aP2</I>-Cre/<I>Ghsr<SUP>f/f</SUP></I> mice and their age-matched controls. Interestingly, young <I>aP2</I>-Cre/<I>Ghsr<SUP>f/f</SUP></I> mice had normal body weight but reduced fat; old mice showed pronounced reductions of both body weight and body fat. Calorimetry analysis revealed that <I>aP2</I>-Cre/<I>Ghsr<SUP>f/f</SUP></I> mice had normal food intake and locomotor activity at both young and old age; but intriguingly, while energy expenditure was normal at young age, it was significantly increased at old age. Both young and old <I>aP2</I>-Cre/<I>Ghsr<SUP>f/f</SUP></I> mice exhibited improved insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. Importantly, old <I>aP2</I>-Cre/<I>Ghsr<SUP>f/f</SUP></I> mice maintained higher core body temperature at 4 °C, and showed higher expression of the thermogenic uncoupling protein 1 (<I>UCP1</I>) gene. The ex vivo studies further demonstrated that GHS-R deficient white adipocytes from old mice exhibit increased glucose uptake and lipolysis, promoting lipid mobilization. Despite the fact that the in vivo phenotypes of <I>aP2</I>-Cre/<I>Ghsr<SUP>f/f</SUP></I> mice may not be exclusively determined by GHS-R knockdown in adipose tissues, our data support that GHS-R has cell-autonomous effects in adipocytes. The anabolic effect of GHS-R in adipocytes is more pronounced in aging, which likely contributes to age-associated obesity and insulin resistance.</P>
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