Moment Method analysis of complex structures containing cavity-backed apertures

Sharpe, Robert Milton UMI 1992 국내박사

Time devoted by women to selected household tasks, 1975-1981 : implications for assessing change in standards

Sharpe, Deanna Lee Black 1988 국내박사

Generalizations of toeplitz and hankel matrices and their associated interpolation and approximation problems

Sharp, Daniel William University Microfilms International 1986 국내박사

IN SEARCH OF A PRESERVATION ETHIC: WILLIAM TEMPLE HORNADAY AND AMERICAN ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION (ANIMAL PRESERVATION)

SHARP, WILLIAM CLIFTON UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS 1997 해외박사

PRIMITIVISM, "NEOPRIMITIVISM" AND THE ART OF NATAL'IA GONCHAROVA, 1907-1914

SHARP, JANE ASHTON Yale University 1992 국내박사

Moral judgment maturity and life experiences of early adolescents

Sharp, Denis Marie UMI 1991 국내박사

Robotics And Distortions Modulate Adaptation

Sharp, Ian University of Illinois at Chicago 2011 해외박사(DDOD)

In the neural engineering field of human-machine-interaction, one exciting new goal is to modulate the neural control using interactions with virtual reality and robotic interfaces, which can substantially advance the conventional training practices in areas such as surgery, piloting, military remote control, music/sports performance, and neurorehabilitation. Models of human motor control advocate the importance of movement errors in modulating the central nervous system. As such, naturally occurring movement errors may be artificially distorted in haptic-graphic virtual reality environments. This thesis examined two studies of new classes of error augmentation in virtual reality environments, and included the development of a novel robotic interface for making one of these studies possible. The purpose was to determine whether observed adaptation patterns from haptic-graphic interactions would be more amiable with the aid of error augmentation. The first study indicated that subjects who received error augmentation performed better by the end of training by reaching targets more quickly, more accurately, and with more continuous movements. The second study utilized a methodology to develop and integrate a robot into a haptic-graphic interface. Benefits included increased access for collaboration between research labs, and decreased developmental overhead. The third study demonstrated that subjects who received error augmentation were capable of conditioning movement variability within a region, while performing redundant tasks. Results indicated that error in training is permissible, so long as it does not influence performance. These results may be of particular interest to facilitate the rehabilitation of members of society who suffer motor deficits, such as stroke and traumatic brain injured patients. Furthermore, results may be widely applicable in any training environment where distortions can be applied.

Effects of moisture on the properties of epoxies and carbon-epoxy composite laminates

Sharp, Nathan Purdue University 2015 해외박사(DDOD)

The effects of water on uncured epoxies and epoxy composites are studied. Experiments show that water causes an increase in the cure rate of epoxy materials at low degrees of cure and a decrease in cure rate and total cure at high degrees of cure. Molecular modeling is used to provide insight into these observed behaviors. Molecular images show that water fits into the free volume of uncured epoxy, but that when epoxy cures and density increases, the water no longer fits in the free volume and creates nanophase separation which prevents epoxy cure and decreases glass transition temperature. The molecular model predicts an increase in the self-diffusion of epoxy molecules in the presence of water; it is hypothesized that this is the cause of the increased cure rate at low degrees of cure. An autoclave simulation is presented which predicts temperature, cure, and moisture concentration profiles during an autoclave cure cycle. Water bubble sizes and shapes are modeled based on these profiles and compared to observed bubbles. Experimental observations show that there is a threshold bubble size, depending on surrounding local fiber volume fraction, below which the water in the bubble will re-dissolve into the epoxy and create a resin-filled void and above which local fiber volume fraction becomes so high that there is no path for the water to exit the bubble. It is also shown that the observed unfilled void content is very sensitive to the timing of the applied pressure and possibly the rate at which pressure is increased in the autoclave. Fracture toughness and shear strength of samples with different amounts of water are measured and it is found that a small amount of absorbed water (0.5%) causes an increase in fracture toughness due to plasticization, but a larger amount of absorbed water (2%) causes a reduction in fracture toughness of 20%. Shear strength is reduced in both water conditions with 0.5% absorption of water causing a reduction in shear strength of 20% and 2% absorption of water causing a reduction in shear strength of 40%. Based on simulation results and experimental observations, it is proposed that the effects of water can affect composite parts in ways that fit with observed behavior of kissing bonds or zero-volume defects. Water is also shown to have a significant impact on residual stress in composites.

Women shaping shelter: Technology, consumption, and the twentieth-century house

Sharp, Leslie N Georgia Institute of Technology 2004 해외박사(DDOD)

"Women Shaping Shelter: Technology, Consumption, and the Twentieth-Century House" explores the complex relationship between women and the material world in which we live. This study takes into consideration how differences in economic class, race, and region determined the extent to which women were able to influence the physical spaces around them. Buildings are one of the largest physical manifestations of our culture. To document how women shaped the built environment is to begin to understand the ways women have influenced American culture in its most visible form. The focus of this study is on residential architecture. The twentieth century was an age of great technological, social, and economic changes, including the growth of urban and suburban populations, the development of a large middle class, and the recognition of civil and human rights for women and minorities. Concomitant with society's transformation, women gained more influence within the home and within society at large. Indeed, women increased their role in the design and function of houses even as the professions of construction and architecture remained dominated by men, with only limited changes in that domination in the late-twentieth century. Women increased their power as professionals, clients, consumers, and technologists; a pattern that is reflected in the house itself: the opening up of the kitchen to the public, the electrification of the house, the attention given to the laundry room and its placement on the main floor, and the installation of household technologies. Furthermore, women themselves gained more footholds in building and design professions. Scholars such as Leslie Weisman, Angel Kwolek-Folland, and Daphne Spain have demonstrated how architectural design created gendered environments reinforcing traditional beliefs about the appropriate roles for men and women in society. Others have looked at how women have functioned in man-made environments. This dissertation examines how women created domestic environments as professionals, owners, occupants, and workers, and consequently made a significant contribution in the modernization of the twentieth-century house.

Plate mapping: Using drawings of foods to examine associations of plateware with perceptions, predictions, and recalls of meal size and meal composition

Sharp, David Erickson Cornell University 2015 해외박사(DDOD)

People eat meals rather than nutrients or food groups. Meals are typically eaten off of plates in American households. Plate size may influence meal size, meal composition, and food type. To examine the effects of plate size on meals, a new method called plate mapping was developed to analyze how participants responded to varying plate sizes and shapes. Four unique studies were developed and analyzed that used plate mapping to examine how various plates affected participant's estimations of food portion size and meal size. Two quasi-experimental studies asked participants to accurately draw and label a dinner on either a 9" or 11" standard paper plate. One quasi-experimental study asked participants to complete the same study design using either a 9.5" or 10.5" plate divided into three compartments. To validate plate mapping, a quasi-experimental study was conducted that asked participants in a college cafeteria to draw their self-purchased lunch at either pre-consumption or post-consumption time points on either a 9" or 11" paper plate. Three studies were done on the campus of a large college in the Northeastern United States (n=270, n=248, & n=98) and a fourth study recruited adults from a medium sized city in the Northeastern United States (n=281). The independent variable was plate size. Dependent variables were meal size, meal plate coverage, individual sizes of foods by food type and portion, and temporal condition of a meal (pre- or post consumption). Gender was a moderating variable. Overall, the size of plate drawings was highly correlated with the size of actual foods when the size of the plate drawn on was equivalent to the size of the plate containing the food. This provides support for the validity of the method of plate mapping and suggests that researchers must be cognizant of plate size whenever conducting research involving plates. Participants reported larger meal sizes whenever larger plates were provided, suggesting that participants are sensitive to the size of the plate and predict or recall meals as larger in the presence of larger plates. Gender moderated meal size drawings, with women generally drawing meals that were more highly correlated and similarly sized to actual meals than men. The effects from differing plate sizes appears to be more powerful for males than females and may encourage larger food servings by men. These findings suggest plate mapping can be used to reflect meal conceptualizations and assess sensitivity to plate size. Further research examining plate sizes influence on meals is needed to increase understanding of how participant estimations of "proper" meal sizes are developed and maintained.