http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Kwon Sung Chan,Bang Seungmin,Park Young Nyun,Park Ji Hoon,Kim So Jeong,Jo Jung Hyun,Chung Moon Jae,Park Jeong Youp,Park Seung Woo,Song Si Young,Park Eunhyang,Lee Hee Seung 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2023 Gut and Liver Vol.17 No.6
Background/Aims: Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in tumor cells is associated with a poor biliary tract cancer (BTC) prognosis; tumor-infiltrating immune cells in the tumor microenvironment are associated with a better prognosis. The effect of PD-L1 expression on immune cells on survival is unclear. We investigated the relationship between PD-L1 expression in immune cells and BTC prognosis. Methods: PD-L1 expression was evaluated using an anti-PD-L1 22C3 mouse monoclonal primary antibody, and its relationships with clinical characteristics and prognosis were analyzed using the Cox proportional hazard model to investigate the prognostic performance of PD-L1 in BTC. Results: Among 144 analyzed cases, patients with positive PD-L1 expression in tumor cells and negative PD-L1 expression in immune cells showed poorer overall survival rates than those exhibiting other expressions (tumor cells: hazard ratio [HR]=1.023, p<0.001; immune cells: HR=0.983, p=0.021). PD-L1 expression in tumor cells was an independent predictor of poor overall survival (HR=1.024, p<0.001). In contrast, PD-L1 expression in immune cells was a predictive marker of good prognosis (HR=0.983, p=0.018). Conclusions: PD-L1 expression in immune cells may be used as an independent factor to evaluate the prognosis of patients with BTC.
국립공원 내 백두대간 보전과 지속가능한 이용을 위한 정책연구
허학영(Hag Young Heo),조우(Woo Sho),전근철(Geuncheol Jeon),최윤호(Yoonho Choi),유병혁(ByeongHyeok Yu),김미리(Miri Kim),심규원(Kyuwon Shim),장진(Jin Jang),박준효(Joonhyo Park),윤주웅(Juung Yun),박홍철(Hongcheol Park),남승민(Seungmin Na 국립공원연구원 2022 국립공원연구지 Vol.13 No.1
본 연구는 국립공원 내 백두대간의 효과적 보전 및 탐방체계 개선을 위한 정책 방안을 도출하기 위해, 국립공원 내 백두대간 관련 논의 및 정책 동향 분석, 마루금 통제구간에 대한 현장 조사, 대국민 인식조사 및 관련 사례 고찰을 수행하였다. 대중의 관심 추세를 파악하기 위한 신문기사(1991-2019)와 검색량(2004-2019)을 분석한 결과 백두대간을 언급한 기사는 총 38,358건이었으며, 종주를 함께 언급한 기사는 1,413건(4%정도)이었다. 검색량에 있어서 2010년 이후 백두대간과 종주에 대한 검색량이 상대적으로 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 백두대간 통제구간을 포함한 연간 종주 인원은 400 여명으로 추정되며, 대국민 인식조사 결과 백두대간에 대한 인지도는 73.5%인반면 백두대간보호지역에 대한 인지도는 42%로 상대적으로 낮은것으로 나타났다. 69.1%의 응답자가 백두대간에 대한 방문 경험이 있으나 종주 목적의 방문은 15.7%로 상대적으로 낮으며, 향후 백두대간 종주 의향이 있는 응답자는 24.8%인 것으로 나타났다. 국립공원 내 백두대간 마루금 통제구간의 보전성⋅안전성을 평가한 결과 4개 공원 11개 구간 모두 전반적으로 보전성이 우수하며, 안전성 측면에서는 전반적으로 위험지역이 다수 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과를 토대로 국립공원 내 백두대간의 효과적 관리를 위해 적극적인 검토가 필요한 정책으로 ①“백두대간 마루금 종주 탐방문화”의 전환 추진, ②국립공원 내 백두대간 마루금 통제구간 보전 수단 강화, ③“고지대능선부 탐방로의 효과적 관리 방향” 도출을 위한 시범사업 추진, ④통제구역의 효과적 출입 관리를 위한 법적 근거 강화 등을 제안하였다. This study aims to derive the policy measures to effectively conserve and sustainable use the Baekdudaegan in National Parks through the literature review on policy trends, public awareness survey, on-site survey, and so on. As a trend of public concern, From 1991 to 2019, there were a total of 38,358 articles mentioning Baekdudaegan, and 1,413 articles( 4%) mentioning Jongju(successive climbing) together. In terms of search volume, the volume for Baekdudaegan and Jongju has decreased relatively since 2010. The annual number of visitors including the closed section was estimated to be 400. The public awareness survey showed that the awareness of Baekdudaegan was 73.5%, while the awareness of Baekdudaegan Mountains Reserve was 42%. 69.1% have visited Baekdudaegan, however, only 15.7% aim for Jongju(successive climbing). 24.8% of the respondents are willing to visit Baekdudaegan for Jongju(successive climbing) in the future. As a result of evaluating the conservation and safety of the Baekdudaegan Closed Section, all 11 sections of the park have excellent conservation values overall, and there are many dangerous areas in terms of safety. Based on the results of this study, 4 policies were suggested; ①to promote the transition of the “Baekdudaegan Visitation Culture”, ②to strengthen the means of conservation of the Baekdudaegan Closed Section in the National Park, ③to sketch a pilot project to derive “effective management directions of ridge trail” ④to strengthen the legal basis for effective access control of the closed section.
Control of Interfacial Layers for High-Performance Porous Si Lithium-Ion Battery Anode
Park, Hyungmin,Lee, Sungjun,Yoo, Seungmin,Shin, Myoungsoo,Kim, Jieun,Chun, Myungjin,Choi, Nam-Soon,Park, Soojin American Chemical Society 2014 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.6 No.18
<P>We demonstrate a facile synthesis of micrometer-sized porous Si particles via copper-assisted chemical etching process. Subsequently, metal and/or metal silicide layers are introduced on the surface of porous Si particles using a simple chemical reduction process. Macroporous Si and metal/metal silicide-coated Si electrodes exhibit a high initial Coulombic efficiency of ∼90%. Reversible capacity of carbon-coated porous Si gradually decays after 80 cycles, while metal/metal silicide-coated porous Si electrodes show significantly improved cycling performance even after 100 cycles with a reversible capacity of >1500 mAh g<SUP>–1</SUP>. We confirm that a stable solid-electrolyte interface layer is formed on metal/metal silicide-coated porous Si electrodes during cycling, leading to a highly stable cycling performance.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/aamick/2014/aamick.2014.6.issue-18/am5046197/production/images/medium/am-2014-046197_0007.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/am5046197'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Park, Hong-Tae,Ha, Seungmin,Park, Hyun-Eui,Shim, Soojin,Hur, Tai Young,Yoo, Han Sang The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2020 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.60 No.3
Johne's disease (JD) caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is a chronic, wasting infectious disease in ruminants that causes enormous economic losses to the dairy and beef cattle industries. The most effective way to eradicate JD is to detect infected individuals as early as possible and remove them from the herd. However, it is difficult to detect infected individuals early with the currently using diagnostic methods. Two serological diagnostic kits commercially used worldwide and a fecal detection test were compared using 298 serum samples and feces of cattle in this study to present an efficient diagnostic method. Although there was a high correlation between the 2 serological diagnostic kits (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.7473), kit A showed a higher serological positive rate. However, the correlation between fecal tests and serological diagnosis was very low. MAP was also detected in fecal tests in many serologically negative individuals. In the periodical diagnosis of JD, MAP was detected in the feces of only cows with the higher antibody titer to MAP. These results suggest that for effective eradication of JD, early detection of infected individuals by fecal tests together with the serological tests currently in use and by removal of infected individuals are needed.
Up-regulated claudin 7 expression in intestinal-type gastric carcinoma.
Park, Jeong Youp,Park, Kyung Hwa,Oh, Tae Yun,Hong, Sung Pil,Jeon, Tae Joo,Kim, Chang Hoon,Park, Seung Woo,Chung, Jae Bock,Song, Si Young,Bang, Seungmin National Hellenic Research Foundation 2007 Oncology reports Vol.18 No.2
<P>The disruption of tight junction protein expression in cancer might account for invasiveness, loss of cohesion, and lack of differentiation. Our cDNA array data indicated that claudin 7 was up-regulated in gastric carcinoma. We investigated the expression patterns and clinical implications of claudin 7 in gastric cancer. By immunohistochemical staining and Western blot, claudin 7 was significantly more often expressed in intestinal metaplasia, adenoma and cancer than in normal gastric epithelium. Twenty-seven (47.4%) of 57 normal gastric epithelium samples did not express claudin 7, but 50 (86.2%) of 58 intestinal metaplasia, 11 (91.7%) of 12 adenoma tissues, and 129 (82.7%) of 156 cancer samples did. Claudin 7 was more often unexpressed in diffuse type gastric cancer than in intestinal type. Only 13 (11.2%) of 116 intestinal type samples did not express claudin 7, but 14 (41.2%) of 34 diffuse type samples showed no expression. Compared to normal gastric epithelium, intestinal type gastric cancer significantly more often expressed claudin 7, but diffuse type did not. The expression pattern of claudin 7 did not change as cancer progressed. In this study we show that claudin 7 expression changed with the gastric carcinogenic process and that this is implicated in cancer characteristics.</P>