금단 증상을 동반한 헤로인 의존 1례

남궁기,한승진 大韓神經精神醫學會 1996 신경정신의학 Vol.35 No.2

저자들은 약 1년간의 헤로인 의존상태에서 갑작스런 약물 투여 중단 후 나타난 헤로인 금단증산을 가진 27세 여자환자를 경험하였다. 환자는 약물투여 중단 후 의식의 혼탁, 혼란, 이자극성, 불안, 초조, 불면, 오심, 구토, 복통, 사지통, 동공의 수축 등의 전형적인 헤로인 금단증상을 보였다. 헤로인은 미국과 동남아시아를 비롯한 세계각지에서 이미 흔한 남용약물로 사용되고 있으나, 아직 우리 나라에서는 흔히 경험할 수 없는 증례이므로 이를 문헌고찰과 함께 보고한다. The authors experience 27 year old female patient with heroin dependence accompanied by the typical heroin withdrawal symptoms such as confusion, irritability, anxiety, agitation, insomnia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal colicky pain, pain on both extremities and pupil constriction. Although heroin is one of the most popular illicit drug in the world, this is not the case in Korea. So we reported this case with literature review.

알코올 의존 환자의 알코올 관련 자극에 대한 암묵적 정서 평가

이은,안석균,정승용,박진영,이수정,남궁기 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.3

Objectives : To study the mechanism of alcohol craving is difficult because it involves both cognitive and emotional processes, which are discordamtly influenced by patients' avoidance and denial. The objective of this study is to examine the mechanism of craving by evaluating responses of emotional component of alcohol-related stimuli, explicitly and implicitly. Methods : The subject group was composed of 19 patients with alcohol dependence, 25 heavy drinkers, and 20 social drinkers. An implicit association test (IAT) measuring differential association of 2 target concepts (alcohol versus beverage) with 2 attribute dimensions (positive versus negative) was completed. Explicit evaluation of emotional valence and arousal for alcohol-related and control stimuli was also completed. Results : The patient group reported alcohol-related stimuli more negatively on both implicit and explicit evaluation. In explicit arousal evaluation, they evaluated alcohol-related stimuli more arousing than control stimuli, whereos control groups did not. While the strength of alcohol-negativity association was not related to any clinical variables, the strength of aICOh01-positivity association was related to the arousal level of alcohol related stimuli, the severity of alcohol dependence, and the mean drinking amount per occasion. Conclusion : Alcohol craving can be regarded as negative emotion on both explicit and implicit levels in alcoholics. It seems that craving induced by alcohol-related stimuli may not be recognized by the patients but related to increased arousal or positive implicit evaluation of alcohol.

수면무호흡증이 혈압에 미치는 영향

이희상,이성훈,조현상,남궁기,한승진,방승규 大韓神經精神醫學會 1997 신경정신의학 Vol.36 No.1

본 연구에서는 수면무호흡증이 혈압에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 하였다. 연구대상은 1995년 1월1일부터 1995년 10월 31일까지 코골기와 수면무호흡 증상으로 인해 연정 뇌기능 수면 연구소에 수면다원검사가 의뢰된 140명의 환자를 대상으로 하였으며 그 중에서 원발성 고혈압을 제외한 심혈관계 질환이 있거나 항고혈압제를 복용하고 있는 환자, 그리고 자료가 불충분하거나 수면무호흡증으로 진단되지 않은 24명을 제외하고 나머지 116명을 최종분석 대상으로 하였다. 이들 대상 환자들로부터 얻은 자료를 수면변수와 호흡변수로 나누어 혈압과의 관계를 Pearson 상관관계와 다중회귀분석을 통해 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 평균 수축기 및 확장기 혈압과 유의한 상관관계가 있는 변수는 수면무호흡의 총시간 및 총횟수, 총수면시간중 평균 혈중산소포화도, 무호흡지수, 중추성 수면무호흡의 총시간 및 횟수, 폐쇄성 수면무호흡의 총시간등 이었다. 2) 다중회귀분석 결과 평균 수축기 및 확장기 혈압에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타난 변인은 수면무호흡의 총시간이었으며 이것이 평균 수축기 및 확장기 혈압에 미치는 영향의 도는 각각 7.9%와 6.2%였다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때, 수면무호흡증이 혈압에 미치는 영향은 적은 것으로 나타났으며 무호흡의 유형에 관계없이 수면무호흡의 총시간만이 혈압에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 중추성 수면무호흡의 경우 평균 혈중 산소포화도의 감소, 각성에 따른 교감신경계 활성도의 증가이외에도 다른 기전에 의해 혈압 상승이 나타날 가능성이 있을 것으로 생각된다. Objects : This study was conducted to investigate the effects of sleep apnea syndromes on th systemic blood pressure. Methods : The subjects were 140 patients who were consulted to Yon-jung brain function and sleep research center for polysomnography due to snoring and sleep apnea from Jan. 1st 1995 to Oct. 31st 1995. Twenty-four out of 140 were excluded due to cardiovascular diseases other than systemic hypertension, antihypertensive medication, inadequate data or diagnosis other than sleep apnea syndrome. The remaining 116 were accepted as proper subjects. Using Pearson's correlation and multiple regression analysis, we looked for the relationship between sleep and respiratory variables to systemic blood pressure. Results : The results were as follows : 1) According to the correlation analysis, statistically significant variables to mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure were the total time and total number of sleep apnea, degree of oxygen saturation of total sleep time, apnea index, total time and total number of central apnea, and the total time of obstructive apnea. 2) According to the multiple regression analysis, only the total time of sleep apnea significantly affected mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and the degrees of affection were 7.9% and 6.2% respectively. Conclusion : these findings showed that sleep apnea syndrome had lower influence over systemic blood pressure than expected and regardless of the type, only the total time of sleep apnea influenced systemic blood pressure. In the case of central apnea, mechanisms other than hypoxemia and the increase of sympathetic activity during arousal may make it possible to increase systemic blood pressure.

알코올 금단 섬망 발생의 예측

이충헌,이은,박성혁,정승용,박상진,석정호,남궁기 大韓神經精神醫學會 2004 신경정신의학 Vol.43 No.5

Objectives : Alcohol withdrawal delirium is a serious clinical condition with high mortality rate if not treated. This study was to examine whether readily available clinical variables can predict the development of alcohol withdrawal delirium. Methods : The authors performed a retrospective study by reviewing charts of 566 patients who had been admitted for alcohol dependence. The cases were divided into two groups: delirium group (n=40) and control group (n=40). We compared baseline characteristics and serum analysis data at admission between two groups. We used logistic regression to predict risk factors for alcohol withdrawal delirium among potential risk factors. Results : The delirium group had significantly lower hemoglobin, hematocht, platelet counts, and potassium level than countrol group, Presence of previous withdrawal delirium history, AST, GGTP, and bilimbin level of delirium group were significantly higher than those of control group. Among potential risk factors, past history of withdrawal delirium, decreased hemoglobin, elevated bilirubin level, and number of previous detoxification were predictable factors of the development of alcohol withdrawal delirium by 72.5%. Conclusion : Our results suggest that the infomation obtained at admission can be useful to predict the development of al-cobol withdrawal delirium. Also, it makes the individualization of detoxification strategies possible.

Immunomodulatory Effects of Fucoidan on NK Cells in Ovariectomized Rats

NamKoong, Seung,Kim, Ye-Jin,Kim, Tae-Seong,Sohn, Eun-Hwa The Plant Resources Society of Korea 2012 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.25 No.3

In this study we investigated the effects of supplementation with fucoidan from brown alga on the function of natural-killer (NK) cells to evaluate the possibility as an immunomodulator in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. A total of 18 female Wistar rats (six weeks) were used this study and 12 rats were OVX, and the rest of rats were sham-operated. The sham and one OVX group were fed standard diet, and the remaining OVX group received fucoidan (0.05% supplemented diet). After 12 weeks of supplementation, rats were sacrificed to assess the tumoricidal activity of the NK cells and the NO-iNOS regulation from splenocytes. The mass of body and the immune organs such as spleen and thymus were also studied. In OVX rats, body and thymus weights increased, however fucoidan supplementation did not change the body mass and organs weight compared to OVX group. Fucoidan supplementation increased NK cell activity and reduced NO-iNOS production in OVX rats. Ex vivo treatment of fucoidan increased NK cell activity in splenocytes from shame and OVX rats. Ex vivo, we confirmed that fucoidan partially reduced the NK cell activity in the presence of iNOS inhibitors in OVX-splenocytes. These results indicate fucoidan supplementation has a NK cell tumoricidal activity, which are regulated by the iNOS production in OVX rats. This suggests that fucoidan is useful for potential therapeutic strategies as a nutrient in regulating the NK cells in postmenopausal osteoporosis patients.

Poster Session 1 : Signal Transduction ; Prostaglandin E2 induces angiogenesis through PKA-dependent increase in nitric oxide production in human umbilical vein endothelial cells

( Seung Namkoong ),( Seon Jin Lee ),( Chun Ki Kim ),( Yi Yong Baek ),( Kwon Soo Ha ),( Young Guen Kwon ),( Young Myeong Kim ) 한국생화학분자생물학회 (구 한국생화학회) 2004 생화학분자생물학회 춘계학술발표논문집 Vol.2004 No.-

Poster Session 1 : oral Presentation ; Signal Transduction : Fractalkine induces angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells

( Seung Namkoong ),( Seon Jin Lee ),( Young Lai Cho ),( Jeong A. Han ),( Kwon Soo Ha ),( Young Guen Kwon ),( Young Mi Kim ),( Young Myeong Kim ) 한국생화학분자생물학회 (구 한국생화학회) 2005 62회 KSBMB Annual Meeting in 2005 Vol.- No.-

Immunomodulatory Effects of Supplementation with Extracts from the Marine Brown Alga Eisenia bicyclis on Macrophages

NamKoong, Seung,Kang, Se-Chan,Do, Hang,Jang, Ki-Hyo,Jang, Seon-A,Choung, Myoung-Gun,Sohn, Eun-Hwa The Plant Resources Society of Korea 2011 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.24 No.3

A large number of edible seaweeds are consumed by the coastal peoples of Asia. Some of them are used in traditional remedies in many parts of the world. In this study we investigated effects of supplementation with ethyl acetate extracts of the brown alga Eisenia bicyclis (EBE) on rat macrophage to evaluate the possibilities as immune-modulators. Twelve male SD rats were divided into two groups and the treatments were as follows: A, no Eisenia bicyclis extract (EBE) intake and distilled water ; B, oral supplemented with EBE 200 mg/kg. After 5 weeks of supplementation, rats were sacrificed to assess the effect on peritoneal macrophage functions. We showed no increasing effects on tumoricidal activity, phagocytic activity and NO production in macrophages in EBE supplementation group. However, EBE supplementation suppressed NO-iNOS production and p65 translocation into the nucleus in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Overall, these results suggest that the supplementation of EBE might have an anti-inflammatory effects on NO-iNOS production in macrophages throughout the inhibition of NF-${\kappa}B$ activation.

Poster Session 1 : Fractalkine induces angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells

( Seung Namkoong ),( Seon Jin Lee ),( Young Lai Cho ),( Jeong A Han ),( Kwon Soo Ha ),( Young Guen Kwon ),( Young Mi Kim ),( Young Myeong Kim ) 한국생화학분자생물학회 (구 한국생화학회) 2005 생화학분자생물학회 춘계학술발표논문집 Vol.2005 No.-

Immunomodulatory Effects of Eisenia bicyclis on Innate Immune Cells in Acute Exercise-Stress Rat Model

NamKoong, Seung,Cheoung, Eui-Su,Joo, Hae-Mi,Jang, Seon-A,Yang, Yoon-Jung,Kang, Se-Chan,Jang, Ki-Hyo,Sohn, Eun-Hwa The Plant Resources Society of Korea 2011 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.24 No.3

In this study we investigated effects of supplementation with ethyl acetate extracts of the brown alga Eisenia bicyclis on innate immune cells to evaluate the possibilities as an immunomoulator in exercise stress. Twenty male SD rats were divided into four groups and the treatments were as follows: A, no Eisenia bicyclis extract (EBE) (200 mg/kg) intake and maintained at rest ; B, no EBE intake and undergoing exercise ; C, EBE intake and undergoing exercise ; D, EBE intake and maintained at rest. After 5 weeks of oral supplementation, rats were undergoing intensive swimming exercises for 2 h and sacrificed to assess the effects on peritoneal macrophages, spleen cells and natural killer (NK) cells. We showed increasing effects on nitric oxide-inducible nitric oxide synthase (NO-iNOS) production by macrophages and no effects of NK tumoricidal activity and suppressive effects on spleen cell proliferation in exercise group. However, EBE supplementation suppressed NO-iNOS production by macrophages and increased NK tumoricidal activity and spleen cell proliferative response to mitogen in exercise group. Overall, these results that EBE supplementation has differential effects on innate immune response and could be useful as sports nutrition.