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Horikoshi, Satoshi,Abe, Masahiko,Serpone, Nick Korean Society of Photoscience 2009 Photochemical & photobiological sciences Vol.8 No.8
Novel light sources based on microwave discharge electrodeless lamps (MDEL) are examined as potential light sources to drive photochemical processes, in particular advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) of which various applications are described. The MDELs possess several features that make them attractive as possible environmental remediation lamps and as light sources to activate metal oxide photocatalysts in environmental remediation processes. Accordingly, the article describes some of the many features, albeit non-exhaustively, of MDEL devices and reports some photoreactors that incorporate these MDELs. Fundamental issues of MDEL light sources in remediation processing of actual pollutants are introduced. Examples are taken from the oxidative destruction of volatile organic compounds (VOCs; e.g. acetaldehyde and toluene), from the oxidative degradation of contaminants present in wastewaters (e.g. the 2,4-D herbicide and the endocrine disruptor bisphenol-A) and from the remediation of dioxin-contaminated fly-ash, along with an actual industrial wastewater sample from the manufacturing of cement.
Horikoshi, Satoshi,Tsuchida, Akihiro,Sakai, Hideki,Abe, Masahiko,Sato, Susumu,Serpone, Nick Korean Society of Photoscience 2009 Photochemical & photobiological sciences Vol.8 No.11
A metallic condensing cone that concentrates microwave radiation (equivalent to an optical lens) has been developed and used as part of a system to activate a microwave discharge electrodeless lamp (MDEL) in the oxidative treatment of wastewaters by aiding the novel self-ignition of the lamp on irradiation at low microwave power levels. This approach to self-ignition can potentially lead to considerable energy savings in such treatments. System performance was examined for the ignition power of microwaves of such MDEL devices in water, whose usefulness was assessed by investigating the photolytic transformation of aqueous solutions of representatives of three classes of contaminants: chlorinated phenols, herbicides and endocrine disruptors, specifically 4-chlorophenol (4-CP), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 4,4'-isopropylidenediphenol (bisphenol-A; BPA), respectively, taken as model wastewaters in air-equilibrated, in oxygen-saturated and in $TiO_2$-containing aqueous media. The results are discussed in terms of the dynamics of the photo-induced degradation processes.