Conceiving a local Human Rights Education Programme : the Lisbon case of “SOMOS”

Sergio Xavier 전남대학교 공익인권법센터 2019 인권법평론 Vol.- No.23

지방 인권 교육 프로그램의 구상 - 리스본의 ‘소모스(SOMOS)’ 사례 -

Sergio Xavier(세르지오 자비에) 전남대학교 공익인권법센터 2019 인권법평론 Vol.- No.23

리스본 시의회에서 1년 동안 처음부터 준비하여 2015년 12월 10일 출범시킨 SOMOS는 민주 시민권 및 인권을 위한 혁신적 지역 교육 프로그램입니다. SOMOS는 겨우 100.000 유로의 비용으로 연간 2000명을 대상으로 하고 있다. 교육 및 인식 제고를 통해 도시에서의 인권 및 민주주의의 공유 문화를 함양하는 것을 목표로 합니다. 시의회 내 직원부터 도시의 광범위한 대상 그룹에 이르기까지, 다양한 파트너 조직과 기관을 포함한 23개 테마에 대한 무료 교육을 제공한다. 도시의 승수에 집중 교육을 실시하고, 인권 전반과 차별에 대처하고 사회적 성찰과 토론을 양성하는 의식 향상 캠페인을 전개한다. SOMOS는 UCLG - United City and Local Governments 유럽 의회와 통합 도시 전망대의 관심을 끌었다. 다른 도시들이 유사한 프로그램을 개발하도록 영감을 줄 수 있는 잠재력이 있기 때문이다. 주요 관심사는 구상 및 실행의 도전과제이다. 즉, 참고자료의 부족과 이해관계자의 표현, 감시와 평가, 결과 평가와 소통, 내부 협업, 공동 관리, 지속가능성, 품질과 일관성, 지속적인 학습 과정 등이 포함된다. 리스본 시의회의 공동 디자이너이자 코디네이터(2015-2017)인 본 저자는 SOMOS와의 직접적인 경험을 바탕으로 본 프로그램을 중심 사례로 삼아 PhD 논문을 쓰고 있다. 이 발표 제안은 SOMOS의 개념과 조기 구현에 대한 도전 과제에 집중하고 있으며, 리스본을 뛰어 넘는 영감의 잠재력과 세계의 다른 도시에서도 적용 가능성이 크다는 것도 고려하고 있다. SOMOS is an innovative local Programme of Education for Democratic Citizenship and Human Rights prepared from scratch along one year and launched by the Lisbon City Council at 10 December 2015. SOMOS costs only 100.000??, reaching directly 2000 people per year. It aims to develop a shared culture of Human Rights and Democracy in the city through training and awareness-raising initiatives. From within the City Council staff to a wide scope of target groups in the city, it provides free training in 23 available themes, involving a broad diversity of partner organisations and institutions. It grants intensive training to multipliers in the city and promotes awareness-raising campaigns tackling human rights in general and discrimination in concrete, fostering social reflection and debate. SOMOS captivated attention from the Council of Europe and the Inclusive Cities Observatory from the UCLG - United Cities and Local Governments, due to its potential for inspiring other cities to develop similar programmes. One of the main interests in the Programme is about the challenges of its conception and implementation, including lack of references, stakeholders’ articulation, monitoring and evaluation, assessing and communicating results, internal collaboration, co-management, sustainability, quality and coherence, continuous learning processes. Having a direct experience with SOMOS, as its co-designer and coordinator at Lisbon City Council (2015-2017), I am developing my PhD thesis having the Programme as the central case study. This proposal of presentation focus in the challenges of conception and early-implementation of SOMOS, considering its inspirational potential beyond Lisbon and the possibilities of multiplication in other cities in the World.

Mixed-phenotype acute leukemia: suboptimal treatment when the 2008/2016 WHO classification is used

Alan Pomerantz,Sergio Rodriguez-Rodriguez,Roberta Demichelis-Gomez,Georgina Barrera-Lumbreras,Olga Barrales-Benitez,Xavier Lopez-Karpovitch,Alvaro Aguayo-Gonzalez 대한혈액학회 2016 Blood Research Vol.51 No.4

BackgroundDifferent criteria have been used to diagnose mixed-phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL), which has impacted the number of individuals diagnosed with this pathology. Better out-comes have been reported when using acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)-type chemo-therapy in the treatment of MPAL.MethodsWe compared the outcome of 4 groups of patients with MPAL. Group 1 included patients diagnosed using the 2008/2016 World Health Organization (WHO) classification; group 2 included patients diagnosed using the European Group for the Immunological Characterization of Leukemias (EGIL) criteria; group 3 included patients diagnosed using either the EGIL or the 2008/2016 WHO criteria; and group 4 was comprised of patients diagnosed with MPAL using the EGIL classification only.ResultsWe found a significantly worse disease-free survival (groups 1‒4) and overall survival (OS) (groups 2 and 3) when comparing MPAL patients to other acute leukemia (AL) patients. A significantly better OS was obtained in patients (groups 2‒4) treated with ALL-type che-motherapy compared to acute myeloid leukemia (AML)-type regimens.ConclusionIn light of these results, and because a trend (P=0.06) was found with regard to a better OS in group 4 when compared to other AL patients, an argument can be made that the 2008/2016 WHO classification is underpowered to diagnose all MPAL cases, potentially resulting in the suboptimal treatment of some individuals with AL.

Warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia: experience from a single referral center in Mexico City

Hernandez-Company Alonso,Anguiano-Alvarez Victor Manuel,Carmona Gonzalez Carlos Amir,Rodriguez-Rodriguez Sergio,Pomerantz Allan,Lopez-Karpovitch Xavier,Tuna-Aguilar Elena Juventina 대한혈액학회 2017 Blood Research Vol.52 No.1

Background: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is characterized by an autoimmune-mediated de-struction of red blood cells. Warm AIHA (wAIHA) represents 60% of AIHA cases and is associated with the positive detection of IgG and C3d in the direct antiglobulin test (DAT). This study aimed to assess the clinical and laboratorial differences between primary and secondary wAIHA patients from a referral center in Mexico City. Methods: All patients diagnosed with wAIHA in our institution from January 1992 to December 2015 were included and received corticosteroids as the first-line treatment. We analyzed the response to the first-line treatment, relapse-free survival, and time to splenectomy. Results: Eighty-nine patients were included. Secondary wAIHA represented 55.1% of the cases. At diagnosis, secondary wAIHA patients showed a DAT mixed pattern more frequently than primary wAIHA patients (36.7 vs. 17.5%, P<0.001). In the survival analysis, patients with secondary wAIHA had a lower time to response (18 vs. 37 days, P=0.05), median disease-free survival (28.51 vs. 50.95 weeks, P=0.018), and time to splenectomy (43.5 vs. 61 wks, P=0.029) than those with primary wAIHA. Due to economic constraints, ritux-imab was considered as the third-line treatment in only two patients. Conclusion: Secondary wAIHA may benefit from a longer low-dose steroid maintenance period mainly due to its shorter time to relapse and time to splenectomy than primary wAIHA.

Warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia: experience from a single referral center in Mexico City

Hernandez-Company Alonso,Anguiano-Alvarez Victor Manuel,Carmona Gonzalez Carlos Amir,Rodriguez-Rodriguez Sergio,Pomerantz Allan,Lopez-Karpovitch Xavier,Tuna-Aguilar Elena Juventina 대한혈액학회 2017 Blood Research Vol.52 No.1

Background: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is characterized by an autoimmune-mediated de-struction of red blood cells. Warm AIHA (wAIHA) represents 60% of AIHA cases and is associated with the positive detection of IgG and C3d in the direct antiglobulin test (DAT). This study aimed to assess the clinical and laboratorial differences between primary and secondary wAIHA patients from a referral center in Mexico City. Methods: All patients diagnosed with wAIHA in our institution from January 1992 to December 2015 were included and received corticosteroids as the first-line treatment. We analyzed the response to the first-line treatment, relapse-free survival, and time to splenectomy. Results: Eighty-nine patients were included. Secondary wAIHA represented 55.1% of the cases. At diagnosis, secondary wAIHA patients showed a DAT mixed pattern more frequently than primary wAIHA patients (36.7 vs. 17.5%, P<0.001). In the survival analysis, patients with secondary wAIHA had a lower time to response (18 vs. 37 days, P=0.05), median disease-free survival (28.51 vs. 50.95 weeks, P=0.018), and time to splenectomy (43.5 vs. 61 wks, P=0.029) than those with primary wAIHA. Due to economic constraints, ritux-imab was considered as the third-line treatment in only two patients. Conclusion: Secondary wAIHA may benefit from a longer low-dose steroid maintenance period mainly due to its shorter time to relapse and time to splenectomy than primary wAIHA.