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Foundations forlowcostbuildings
Sayed Abde lSalam,Mahmoud Samir El-kady 한국CDE학회 2017 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.4 No.2
Attaining aneconomicalandsafedesignofstructuresisregardedasaprerequisiteforthestructuralengineer.Themarketpricesofreinforcingsteels havedramaticallysoaredinrecentyearsinternationally.Therefore,thepurposeofthecurrentpaperisnotjustreducingtheratioofreinforcing steelinthefoundationsforskeletonstructures,butratherminimizingthisratiothroughchoosingthemosteffectivefootingshape(folded stripfootings).Foldedfootingshavebeenusedasanalternativetotheconventionalrectangularstripfootings.Theheightofthestudiedmodel isten floors. Twodifferentfoundationsystemsareusedintheanalysisnamely;rectangularstripfootings,andfoldedstripfootingsrespectively. Bothfootingshapeswillbedesignedascontinuousfootingswithgridshapeunderthebuilding.Comparisonbetweenthetwosystems isalsopresentedregardingtheconcretesectionsandreinforcementratiounderthesameappliedloads.The finite elementanalysissoftware ADINAisusedinmodelingandanalysisofthestructuralandgeotechnicalbehaviorofbothtypesoffootings,withemphasisontheeffect ofchangingthefootingshapeonthestressesinthefootingconcretebodyandtheunderlyingsoils.Researchresultspresentstheinternalstresses withinthefootingandsoildomains,aswellasthecontactpressuredistributionforareinforcedfoldedstripfootingrestingondifferentsoil types.Theinfluence offoldinginclinationangle,andsoiltypeontheresultsarealsostudied.Resultsshowedthatfoldedstripfootingsareefficient inreducingtheamountofneededreinforcements,andsuchefficiency inreducingtherequiredsteelreinforcementinthefootingsisdepending ontheappliedfootingloads,andtosomedegreeonthesoiltypeandproperties.Reductioninthereinforcementratiobetweentherectangular andfoldedfootingtypesisabout26%infavorofthefoldedstripfootings.Acomparativeeconomicalstudyshowsthatthetotalcostof thereinforcedconcretesectionforthefoldedstripfootingsislessthanthetraditionalonebyabout18%.Thisdifferenceincostofbothtypesof footingsismainlyduetotherelativelysmallerinsteelreinforcementrationeededforthefoldedtypeascomparedwiththerectangularones. So, thefoldedstripfootingismoreeconomicalthantherectangularstripfooting.