Tissue Culture and Agrobacterium-Mediated Genetic Transformation Studies in Four Commercially Important Indica Rice Cultivars

Sathish Sundararajan,Balaji Sivaraman,Venkatesh Rajendran,Sathishkumar Ramalingam 한국작물학회 2017 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.20 No.3

Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation method for recalcitrant indica rice cultivars. For this, mature seeds of commercially important indica rice varieties, ASD16, ADT43, IR 64, and Pusa Basmati were cultured on MS and N6 medium supplemented with 2 mg l-1 2, 4-D + 30 g l-1 sucrose. The calli grown in N6 medium showed better friability and embryogenic response. Out of the four varieties tested, ASD16 and IR64 showed better callusing and embryogenic capacity as compared to ADT43 and Pusa Basmati. For genetic transformation studies, embryogenic calli of all the cultivars were co-cultivated with the Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA 4404 harboring the binary vector pCambia 1305.1 with GUS gene. GUS assay was performed for the putative transformed calli and its activity was found to be qualitatively higher in ASD16 and IR64 than the other two varieties. The best responsive ASD16 transformed calli was regenerated and the putative transgenic lines were regenerated. ASD16 transformed calli were confirmed by GUS assay. PCR analysis confirmed the presence of both GUS and HPT genes in ASD16 transgenic lines.

Contact analysis of spherical ball and a deformable flat model with the effect of tangent modulus

Sathish Gandhi, V.C.,Ramesh, S.,Kumaravelan, R.,Thanmanaselvi, M. Techno-Press 2012 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.44 No.1

The paper is on contact analysis of a spherical ball with a deformable flat, considering the effect of tangent modulus on the contact parameters of a non-adhesive frictionless elastic-plastic contact. The contact analysis of this model has been carried out using analysis software Ansys and Abaqus. The contact parameters such as area of contact between two consecutive steps, volume of bulged material are evaluated from the formulated equations. The effect of the tangent modulus is considered for determining these parameters. The tangent modulus are accounted between 0.1E and 0.5E of materials E/Y value greater than 500 and less than 1750. Result shows that upto an optimal tangent modulus values the elastic core push up to the free surface in the flat. The simulation is also carried out in Abaqus and result provide evidence for the volume of bulged material in the contact region move up and flow into the free surface of the flat from the contact edge between the ball and flat. The strain energy of the whole model is varied between 20 to 40 percentage of the stipulated time for analysis.

Middle superior and anterior superior alveolar nerve injury following trauma to the maxillary sinus: a prospective clinico-radiographic evaluation

Sathish Radhakrishna,Eashwari Narayanan 대한구강악안면외과학회 2023 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.49 No.5

Objectives: Anterior maxillary sinus wall fractures are common in all types of maxillofacial trauma. They can result in various complications, including injury to the surrounding nerves. Owing to its anatomy, trauma to the maxillary antrum can result in injury to the middle superior alveolar nerve (MSAN) and the anterior superior alveolar nerve (ASAN). The purpose of this study is to evaluate neurosensory deficits (NSD) present in maxillary gingiva, incisors, and premolars after injury to the anterior wall of the maxillary antrum. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was conducted among 39 patients sustaining unilateral fractures of the anterior maxillary sinus wall. Clinical neurosensory tests including two-point discrimination and fine touch discrimination were performed to classify the extent of nerve injuries as mild, moderate, severe, or anesthetic. Additional temperature discrimination and pulpal sensibility tests (electric pulp testing and cold testing) were carried out. A comparison of radiographic fracture patterns and severity of nerve injury was done. Testing was carried out immediately after trauma and at 2-month follow-up. Results: More than half of the patients assessed in the study group presented with NSD of the teeth and gingiva after trauma. The incidence of deficits varied with the type of test used to measure them. Most frequently, patients presented with both loss of two point as well as fine touch discrimination thresholds. Severe nerve injuries were associated with loss of temperature discrimination clinically and displaced fractures radiographically. There was no significant relationship between the recovery of pulpal and gingival sensation. The patterns of injury and recovery in ASAN and MSAN were similar. Conclusion: NSD after trauma to the maxillary antrum is relatively common. Clinical loss of temperature discrimination and radiographic signs of fracture lines passing through the canalis sinuosus are predictors of persistent and severe oral NSD.

Deriving activated carbon using microwave combustion technique and its energy storage applications: a topical review

Sathish S.,Nirmala R.,Kim Hak Yong,Navamathavan R. 한국탄소학회 2022 Carbon Letters Vol.32 No.5

In preparation of porous carbon materials microwave oven brightening is one of the warming modes used ever. The various procedures that take place in microwave combustion process include carbonization, incitation, and recovery and thus carbon is defined. This paper compares ideal conditions of traditional warming methods, as well as their implementation potential, losses, and specifications. This porous carbon with heat treatment possesses various properties and they are well suited for energy applications which require constrained space such as hydrogen storage in solid-state and supercapacitors. The enhanced properties are chemical and thermal stability, ready availability, low framework density and ease of processability. The recent trend in class of porous carbons is Activated Carbons that are employed traditionally as adsorbents or catalyst supporters but currently, they found potent applications in fabricating for hydrogen storage materials and supercapacitors. These activated carbons are much enhanced form in class of porous carbon materials and they possess the capability to enable hydrogen economy, where the energy carrier is hydrogen. Therefore, the utility of activated carbons as a source for energy storage experiences a rapid growth at current trend and they possess significant advances. This investigation is based on detailed cost development data and electrical imperativeness applications.

Microgravity biosynthesized penicillin loaded electrospun polyurethane-dextran nanofibrous mats for biomedical applications

Sathish Kumar, Y.,Unnithan, A.R.,Sen, D.,Kim, C.S.,Lee, Y.S. Elsevier 2015 Colloids and surfaces. A, Physicochemical and engi Vol.477 No.-

Electrospinning is a fabrication process that uses an electric field to control the deposition of polymer fibers onto a target substrate. Nanofiber possess the characteristic features of high length-to-diameter ratio and specific surface areas, enabling it to be used for protective clothing, filter, antibacterial membrane, reinforced composite, and tissue engineering. We have adopted a method of direct in situ electrospinning to produce mats composed of the culture filtrate from low shear modeled microgravity (LSMMG) grown Penicillium chrysogenum with a suitable carrier polymer to aid in its electrospinning. The antibacterial activity of the mat is attributed to the presence of penicillin in the culture filtrate. The presence of penicillin was confirmed by using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The mat was found to be effective against gram positive bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis. The process, stability and characterization of the biological properties of such nanofibrous scaffolds are demonstrated.

Down-regulation of hydroxycinnamoyl CoA: shikimate hydroxycinnamoyl transferase, cinnamoyl CoA reductase, and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase leads to lignin reduction in rice (Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica cv. Nipponbare)

Sathish K. Ponniah,Zhenhua Shang,M. Aydın Akbudak,Vibha Srivastava,Muthusamy Manoharan 한국식물생명공학회 2017 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.11 No.1

Rice straw is one of the largest biomasses in the world that can potentially be exploited for biofuel. Nevertheless, the association of lignin with cellulose and hemicellulose has hindered the efficient utilization of rice straw for cellulosic biofuel. The objective of this study was to down-regulate key genes involved in lignin biosynthesis pathway, such as hydroxycinnamoyl CoA: shikimate hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (HCT), cinnamoyl CoA reductase (CCR), and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD), through “terminator-less” constructs to reduce lignin in transgenic rice. Real-time qPCR analyses of the selected T1 transgenic rice plants indicated 36–86% transcript reduction in HCT lines, 75–94% in CCR lines, and 10–85% in CAD lines. Of the nine down-regulated lines (three lines from each genes) subjected to lignin analysis, seven showed significant reduction in total lignin content (HCT-4, HCT-7, CAD-1, CAD-7, CCR-3, CCR-7, and CCR-12) with lignin reduction ranging from 4.6 to 10.8%. The results from this study indicated that truncated gene fragments lacking transcription termination sequence can be used for down-regulation of lignin genes in rice, and the rice straw from these transgenic lines could be useful as feedstock for cellulosic biofuel.

Polybenzimidazole (PBI) film coating for improved hypervelocity impact energy absorption for space applications

Sathish Kumar, Sarath Kumar,Jurado-Manriquez, Edwin Antonio,Kim, YunHo,Choi, Chunghyeon,Baluch, Abrar H.,Kim, Chun-Gon Elsevier 2018 COMPOSITE STRUCTURES -BARKING THEN OXFORD- Vol.188 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This paper deals with how the use of Polybenzimidazole (PBI) as a film coating over conventional composite designs could help improve the hypervelocity impact ballistic performance of the system. PBI coated composite samples were studied for resistance to Low Earth Orbit environment conditions like high vacuum, thermal cycling, Atomic Oxygen and Ultraviolet Radiation in a simulation facility. It was observed that the PBI coated composites reduced mass loss and surface erosion compared to the non-coated samples after LEO exposure. Hypervelocity impact experiments were conducted on the PBI coated composites for impact velocities between 2.5 to 3 km/s. The experiments showed that the PBI film coating significantly increased the energy absorption of the composite system. The effect of thickness increase as a result of the film application on energy absorption was also found to be negligible confirming the effectiveness of PBI coating as a hypervelocity shield.</P>

X-ray/gamma radiation shielding properties of Aluminium-Barium Zinc Oxide nanoparticles synthesized via low temperature solution combustion method

Sathish K.V.,Sridhar K.N.,Seenappa L.,Manjunatha H.C.,Vidya Y.S.,Chinnappa Reddy B.,Manjunatha S.,Santhosh A.N.,Munirathnam R.,Raj Alfred Cecil,Damodara Gupta P.S.,Sankarshan B.M. 한국원자력학회 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.5

For the first time Aluminium-BariumeZinc oxide nanocomposite (ZABONC) was synthesized by solution combustion method where calcination was carried out at low temperatures (6000 C) to study the electromagnetic (EM) (X/g) radiation shielding properties. Further for characterization purpose standard techniques like PXRD, SEM, UV-VISIBLE, FTIR were used to find phase purity, functional groups, surface morphology, and to do structural analysis and energy band gap determination. The PXRD pattern shows (hkl) planes corresponding to spinel cubic phase of ZnAl2O4, cubic BaðNO3Þ2, a and g phase of Al2O3 which clearly confirms the formation of complex nano composite. From SEM histogram mean size of nano particles was calculated and is in the order of 17 nm. Wood and Tauc’s relation direct energy band gap calculation gives energy gap of 2.9 eV. In addition, EM (X/g) shielding properties were measured and compared with the theoretical ones using standard procedures (NaI (Tl) detector and multi channel analyzer MCA). For energy above 356 keV the measured shielding parameters agree well with the theory, while below this value slight deviation is observed, due to the influence of atomic/crystallite size of the ZABONC. Hence synthesized ZABONC can be used as a shielding material in EM (X/g) radiation shielding

Utilizing Block chain in the Internet of Things for an Effective Security Sharing Scheme

Sathish C,Yesubai Rubavathi C 한국인터넷정보학회 2023 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.17 No.6

Organizations and other institutions have recently started using cloud service providers to store and share information in light of the Internet of Things (IoT). The major issues with this storage are preventing unauthorized access and data theft from outside parties. The Block chain based Security Sharing scheme with Data Access Control (BSSDAC) was implemented to improve access control and secure data transaction operations. The goal of this research is to strengthen Data Access Control (DAC) and security in IoT applications. To improve the security of personal data, cypher text-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption (CP-ABE) can be developed. The Aquila Optimization Algorithm (AOA) generates keys in the CP-ABE. DAC based on a block chain can be created to maintain the owner's security. The block chain based CP-ABE was developed to maintain secures data storage to sharing. With block chain technology, the data owner is enhancing data security and access management. Finally, a block chain-based solution can be used to secure data and restrict who has access to it. Performance of the suggested method is evaluated after it has been implemented in MATLAB. To compare the proposed method with current practices, Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA) and Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) are both used.

An unusual presentation of COVID-19: Acute pancreatitis

Sathish Kandasamy 한국간담췌외과학회 2020 Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery Vol.24 No.4