Anti-inflammatory effects of Athyrium yokoscense extract via inhibition of the Erk1/2 and NF-κB pathways in bisphenol A-stimulated A549 cells

Lee Jung-Kyu,Choi Won Seok,Song Jin Yong,Kwon Oh Seong,Lee Yeon Jin,Lee Jong Seok,Lee Sarah,Choi Se Rin,Lee Choong Hwan,Lee Ji-Yun 한국독성학회 2023 Toxicological Research Vol.39 No.1

Bisphenol A is an environmental endocrine disruptor that has similar functions to estrogen in humans. However, few studies have investigated pulmonary inflammation induced by BPA, and the effect of Athyrium yokoscense extract on this inflammatory response is unknown. In this study, we investigated this effect in A549 human alveolar epithelial cells. BPA at concentrations higher than 100 μM were cytotoxic to A549 cells at 24 and 48 h after treatment; however, AYE (100 μg/mL) had a protective effect against BPA-induced cytotoxicity. AYE also inhibited the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species, expressions of cyclooxygenase-2 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 proteins, activities of phospholipase A2, COX- 2, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, and proinflammatory mediators including prostaglandin E2, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6 induced by BPA in A549 cells. This study demonstrated that BPA, which induces chronic lung disease, causes oxidative stress and inflammatory response in lung epithelial cell line, and found that AYE reduces BPA-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory response by down-regulating the Erk1/2 and NF-κB pathways.

Public Perception of a Criminal DNA Database in Korea

Lee, Ji Hyun,Cho, Sohee,Kim, Moon Young,Lee, Seung Hwan,Lee, Hwan Young,Lee, Soong Deok,LoCascio, Sarah Prusoff,Jung, Kyu Won Center for Asian Public Opinion ResearchCollaborat 2019 Asian journal for public opinion research Vol.7 No.2

Background: Since 2010, Korea has maintained a DNA database of those convicted of or awaiting trial for certain crimes. There have been proposals to expand the list of crimes included in this database, or conversely, omit certain crimes if they are committed during protests. An understanding of the feelings of the public as we consider the ethical, legal, and social aspects of a DNA database and as revisions to laws are made is required. Methodology: Questions related to the DNA database were included in the nationally representative Korean Academic Multimode Open Survey (KAMOS) panel (June-August 2016). Results: Of 2,000 randomly selected panel members, 1,013 respondents participated in this survey, including 89.2% who supported the existence of a criminal DNA database. The current system of storing DNA profiles until a suspect's acquittal or a convict's death was supported by 79.5% of respondents. In addition, 70.8% of respondents agreed with the expansion of crime categories included in the criminal database. Many (93.4%) respondents favored genetic testing and data storage to determine the identity and cause of death for people who die of unnatural causes. Some differences in attitude related to social class were noted, with those who self-identified as members of the upper class more likely to support the database and its expansion to include additional crimes than those who self-identified as middle or lower class. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that Koreans generally support the criminal DNA database.

Comparative evaluation of microbial diversity and metabolite profiles in <i>doenjang</i>, a fermented soybean paste, during the two different industrial manufacturing processes

Lee, Sunmin,Lee, Sarah,Singh, Digar,Oh, Ji Young,Jeon, Eun Jung,Ryu, Hyung SeoK,Lee, Dong Wan,Kim, Beom Seok,Lee, Choong Hwan Elsevier 2017 Food chemistry Vol.221 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Two different <I>doenjang</I> manufacturing processes, the industrial process (IP) and the modified industrial process (mIP) with specific microbial assortments, were subjected to metabolite profiling using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS). The multivariate analyses indicated that both primary and secondary metabolites exhibited distinct patterns according to the fermentation processes (IP and mIP). Microbial community analysis for <I>doenjang</I> using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), exhibited that both bacteria and fungi contributed proportionally for each step in the process viz., soybean, steaming, drying, <I>meju</I> fermentation, cooling, brining, and aging. Further, correlation analysis indicated that <I>Aspergillus</I> population was linked to sugar metabolism, <I>Bacillus</I> spp. with that of fatty acids, whereas <I>Tetragenococcus</I> and <I>Zygosaccharomyces</I> were found associated with amino acids. These results suggest that the components and quality of <I>doenjang</I> are critically influenced by the microbial assortments in each process.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The mIP showed similar metabolite profiles compared to IP despite reduced time. </LI> <LI> Microbial assortments regulate differential metabolite profiles in each process. </LI> <LI> <I>Doenjang</I> quality was synchronous with microbial metabolic diversity. </LI> </UL> </P>

Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolite Profiling and Bacterial Diversity Characterization of Korean Traditional Meju During Fermentation

Lee, Su Yun,Kim, Hyang Yeon,Lee, Sarah,Lee, Jung Min,Muthaiya, Maria John,Kim, Beom Seok,Oh, Ji Young,Song, Chi Kwang,Jeon, Eun Jung,Ryu, Hyung Seok,Lee, Choong Hwan The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnol 2012 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.22 No.11

The metabolite profile of meju during fermentation was analyzed using mass spectrometry techniques, including GC-MS and LC-MS, and the bacterial diversity was characterized. The relative proportions of bacterial strains indicated that lactic acid bacteria, such as Enterococcus faecium and Leuconostoc lactis, were the dominant species. In partial least-squares discriminate analysis (PLS-DA), the componential changes, which depended on fermentation, proceeded gradually in both the GC-MS and LC-MS data sets. During fermentation, lactic acid, amino acids, monosaccharides, sugar alcohols, and isoflavonoid aglycones (daidzein and genistein) increased, whereas citric acid, glucosides, and disaccharides decreased. MS-based metabolite profiling and bacterial diversity characterization of meju demonstrated the changes in metabolites according to the fermentation period and provided a better understanding of the correlation between metabolites and bacterial diversity.

〈학술논문〉 또는 〈응용논문〉 : 나노임프린트공정을 이용한 나노스케일 복합 패턴 형성 및 태양전지 응용

이기중(Ki-Jung Lee),최대근(Dae-Geun Choi),정준호(Jun-Ho Jeong),김기돈(Ki-Don Kim),최준혁(Jun-Hyuk Choi),이지혜(Jihye Lee),이순원(Soon-Won Lee),박성제(Seong-Je Park),김사라(Sarah Kim),이응숙(Eungsug Lee) 대한기계학회 2010 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2010 No.11

본 연구에서는 임프린트 공정에 의해서 제작된 몰드를 이용하여 마이크로-나노의 다양한 패턴 제작 방법과 이를 이용한 마이크로-나노 스케일 복합 패턴 제작기술에 관한 연구 결과 및 태양전지 소자 응용 결과를 소개하고자 한다. 첫 번째로, 마이크로 패턴위에 나노패턴을 제작하여 접촉각 변화를 측정하여 마이크로 구조물위 나노 패턴이 주는 기판 표면 특성변화를 관찰하였다. 두번째로, 기판위 나노 패턴의 선택적 전이를 위한 변수에 대한 분석 실험, 세번째로 패턴 전사 공정의 태양전지 및 전자소자 응용 가능성 실험을 계획 중이다. In this work, we report a fabrication method of complex pattern of micro-nano scale by using nano imprint lithography(NIL) and the solar device application. Micro-patterns were firstly fabricated and then nano patterns were formatted on the micro-patterns. The change of surface property was investigated. Secondly, the variables for selective pattern transfer were studied. Finally, solar cell and electronic device application is planning for future experiment.

A Defence of Women’s Education : Exploring the Role of the Allegorical Dream and its Meaning in “A Dreame” by Rachel Speght

Sarah Lee Ewha Institute of English and American Studies 2022 Journal of English and American studies Vol.20 No.2

This paper sheds light on “A Dreame” by the seventeenth century polemicist and poet Rachel Speght, who through her work advocates for women’s education. The paper attempts to explore the reason for the poet’s use of allegorical dream and the effect it ensues. Oscillating between illusion and reality, both the poet’s personal life as well as Eve’s part in the Fall of Man is depicted by the unnamed speaker, who meets various personified characters in her quest for knowledge. In using an allegory, the poem gains a religious rationale as well as the ambiguity required to argue for the desire of knowledge in women. As the unnamed speaker is conflated with Eve, the mother of all women, the poem comes to encompass and universalize the suffering of women who are deprived of education. In Speght’s interpretation of the Fall, Eve’s sin is redeemed as her picking of the fruit acquires a new perspective that view the act as good, subsequently allowing a new outlook on the nature of womankind. In equating Eve’s quest for knowledge to the process of attaining salvation, not only does the poet justify Eve’s actions, but she also contends for the necessity of education of women. The use of allegory in a dream gives the poet the freedom to challenge the customary understanding of women and evade criticism on a topic that had been controversial in its political and religious context. The poet successfully argues her point through her poem, and contributes to disseminating the idea that women too need and desire education.

Varicella-Zoster Virus ORF39 Transmembrane Protein Suppresses Interferon-Beta Promoter Activation by Interacting with STING

Lee Gwang Myeong,Gong Shuang,Seo Seong-Wook,Ko Hyemin,Chung Woo-Chang,Lee Jihyun,Shin Ok Sarah,Ahn Jin-Hyun 한국미생물학회 2023 The journal of microbiology Vol.61 No.2

Varicella-Zoster virus (VZV) causes varicella in primary infection of children and zoster during reactivation in adults. Type I interferon (IFN) signaling suppresses VZV growth, and stimulator of interferon genes (STING) plays an important role in anti-VZV responses by regulating type I IFN signaling. VZV-encoded proteins are shown to inhibit STING-mediated activation of the IFN-β promoter. However, the mechanisms by which VZV regulates STING-mediated signaling pathways are largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that the transmembrane protein encoded by VZV open reading frame (ORF) 39 suppresses STING-mediated IFN-β production by interacting with STING. In IFN-β promoter reporter assays, ORF39 protein (ORF39p) inhibited STING-mediated activation of the IFN-β promoter. ORF39p interacted with STING in co-transfection assays, and this interaction was comparable to that of STING dimerization. The cytoplasmic N-terminal 73 amino acids region of ORF39P was not necessary for ORF39 binding and suppression of STING-mediated IFN-β activation. ORF39p also formed a complex containing both STING and TBK1. A recombinant VZV expressing HA-tagged ORF39 was produced using bacmid mutagenesis and showed similar growth to its parent virus. During HA-ORF39 virus infection, the expression level of STING was markedly reduced, and HA-ORF39 interacted with STING. Moreover, HA-ORF39 also colocalized with glycoprotein K (encoded by ORF5) and STING at the Golgi during virus infection. Our results demonstrate that the transmembrane protein ORF39p of VZV plays a role in evading the type I IFN responses by suppressing STINGmediated activation of the IFN-β promoter.

보완(complementary) 트라우마 치료로서 기무(氣舞)에 대한 연구

Sarah Jeanne Lee,윤미라 한국무용동작심리치료학회 2022 무용동작심리치료연구 Vol.6 No.1

The purpose of this study is to investigate the possible application and application methods of Qimoo as a novel complementary therapy for trauma survivors. In order to achieve these objectives, body centered trauma therapy theories, complementary trauma therapies, and Qimoo’s theoretical framework were examined. Through this analysis, four different connections between trauma therapy and Qimoo were presented. Qimoo’s elements of safety, nervous system regulation, body awareness, and considering the individual are suggested to be useful for trauma survivors. Recommendations related to the Qimoo instructor, class structure, and class content are presented for practitioners to adapt Qimoo for a trauma survivor population. 본연구는 트라우마 생존자를 위한 새로운 보완(complementary) 트라우마 치료법으로서 기무의 적용 가능성을 조사하고 트라우마 치료에 기무의 활용방안을 제시하는 데 목적이 있다. 이 목적을 달성하기 위해 신체 중심(body centered) 트라우마 치료 이론들, 보완 트라우마 치료법과 기무의 이론적인 원리와 개념을 검토하였다. 이러한 분석을 통해, 트라우마 치료와 기무의 연관성 네 가지를 주장하였다. 기무는 안전성, 자율신경계 규제, 몸 알아차림, 개별성의 요소들을 통해 트라우마 생존자에게 유용하게 활용될 수 있다는 결과가 나타났다. 기무 강사와 수업의 구조 및 내용에 대한 활용방안들은 전문가들이 트라우마 생존자 대상에 기무를 적응시키기 위해 제언된다.

Direct Observation of Plasmon-Induced Interfacial Charge Separation in Metal/Semiconductor Hybrid Nanostructures by Measuring Surface Potentials

Lee, Seung-Hoon,Lee, Seung Woo,Oh, Taegon,Petrosko, Sarah Hurst,Mirkin, Chad A.,Jang, Jae-Won American Chemical Society 2018 Nano letters Vol.18 No.1

<P>Plasmon-induced interfacial charge separation (PICS) is one of the key processes responsible for the improved conversion efficiencies of energy-harvesting devices that incorporate metal nanostructures. In this Letter, we reveal a mechanism of PICS by visualizing (with nanometer-scale resolution) and characterizing plasmon-exciton coupling between <I>p</I>-type poly(pyrrole) (PPy) nanowires (NWs) and Ag nanoparticles (NPs) using light-irradiated Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM). Under blue-light irradiation, the Ag NPs are expected to donate electrons to the PPy NWs via a hot electron injection process. However, in this Letter, we observe that under blue-light irradiation the plasmonically and excitonically excited electrons in the semiconductor back-transfer to the metal. The PICS in this system can be explained by comparing it with a similar one where Au NPs are attached to <I>n</I>-type ZnO NWs; we observed a net electron transfer from the Au NPs to the ZnO NWs (an upward band bending is formed at the interface of the two materials, presumably obstructing electron back-transfer). Indeed, energy band matching between the metal and the semiconductor components of hybrid nanostructures influences PICS pathways. These experimental findings and our proposed mechanism consistently explain the PICS occurring in the PPy NW-Ag NP system with important implications on explaining their cooperative optoelectronic activities.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

The relevance of serum carcinoembryonic antigen as an indicator of brain metastasis detection in advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Lee, Dong-Soo,Kim, Yeon-Sil,Jung, So-Lyoung,Lee, Kyo-Young,Kang, Jin-Hyoung,Park, Sarah,Kim, Young-Kyoon,Yoo, Ie-Ryung,Choi, Byung-Ock,Jang, Hong-Seok,Yoon, Sei-Chul Saikon Pub. Co 2012 TUMOR BIOLOGY Vol.33 No.4

<P>Although many biomarkers have emerged in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the predictive value of site-specific spread is not fully defined. We designed this study to determine if there is an association between serum biomarkers and brain metastasis in advanced NSCLC. We evaluated 227 eligible advanced NSCLC patients between May 2005 and March 2010. Patients who had been newly diagnosed with stage IV NSCLC but had not received treatment previously, and had available information on at least one of the following pretreatment serum biomarkers were enrolled: carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin 19 fragments (CYFRA 21-1), cancer antigen 125 (CA 125), cancer antigen 19-9, and squamous cancer cell antigen. Whole body imaging studies and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain were reviewed, and the total number of metastatic regions was scored. Brain metastasis was detected in 66 (29.1%) patients. Although serum CEA, CYFRA 21-1, and CA 125 levels were significantly different between low total metastatic score group (score 1-3) and high total metastatic score group (score 4-7), only CEA level was significantly different between patients with brain metastasis and those without brain metastasis (p < 0.0001). The area under the receiver operating curve of serum CEA for the prediction of brain metastasis was 0.724 (p = 0.0001). The present study demonstrated that the pretreatment serum CEA level was significantly correlated with brain metastasis in advanced NSCLC. These findings suggested the possible role of CEA in the pathogenesis of brain invasion. More vigilant surveillance would be warranted in the high-risk group of patients with high serum CEA level and multiple synchronous metastasis.</P>