FORESTRY RESEARCH AFTER UNCED

Nor, Salleh Mohd. Institute of Forest Science 1993 Journal of Forest Science Vol.9 No.-

FORESTRY RESEARCH AFTER UNCED

Salleh Mohd. Nor 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 1993 Journal of Forest Science Vol.9 No.-

Forestry in Malaysia : An Institutional Overview

Salleh Mohd . Nor 한국산림과학회 1987 한국산림과학회지 Vol.76 No.3

Forestry as with all land matters, under the Constitution, is a State matter. Thus the States, numbering 14, have considerable. autonomy in decisions on forestry and related matters. However, the Federal Government, having jurisdiction over such issues as defence, education and research, endeavours to coordinate, standardise and advise the States on matters where the States have jurisdiction. However, forestry being a major revenue earner, is jealously guarded by the States. Under such circumstances and recognising the interdependencies of impacts of decisions at the State level, the institutional organisations play an important role in coordinating state activities to ensure that the benefits to the country as a whole are not sacrificed :n favour of interests of individual state. Various legislative mechanisms have been established to ensure this coordinated effort. A rational ForestryCouncil forms the apes of national political coordination. The Federal Forestry Department is responsible for coordination of developmental activities at the State level, which are implemented be the State Forestry Departments within Peninsular Malaysia. Research is carried out centrally by the Forest Research Institute of Malaysia FRI1ti, a statutory body formed in 1985 from a research division of the Forestry Department. The Staves of Sabah and Sarawak have their own Forestry Departments, independent of the Federal Department, and each with its own research unit independent of FRIM. Tertiary education in forestry is the sole responsibility of the Agricultural University at Serdang with a campus for Diploma level training in Sarawak. 1n the developmental area in the State of Sabah, institutions have been formed to focus on specific areas of activities. The Sabah Foundation is responsible for the long term development of the State forests with a concession of about one million ha. Sahah Forest Development Authority (SAFODA) was formed to carry out reforestation of denuded areas. Sabah Forest Industries Ltd. (SFI) is responsible for the country`s only integrated pulp and paper industry with its own afforestation program to support its resource supply. In Peninsular Malaysia various states have established State Corporations to manage large $quot;sustained yield$quot; concessions. While wildlife and state parks are managed by the respective forestry departments in Sabah and Sarawak, it is The responsibility of a separate department in Peninsula Malaysia called the Department of Wildlife and National Parks(under the Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment) . Timber trade legislation and promotion in the Peninsular is the responsibility of the Malaysian Timber Industries Board(MTIB) for Peninsular Malaysia and the Sarawak Timber Industries Development Corporation (STIDC) in Sarawak. In the area of 1\GOs : the Institute of Foresters Malaysia, is the professional body of forestry in the country. A Malaysian Forestry Society caters fc-,r the public participation and interest. l)ther environmentally related NGOs such as the Malayan Nature Society, the Environmental Protection Society, World Wildlife Fund, Friends of the Earth and the Consumers Associations also involve themselves in specific forestry activities. A number of timber trade associations are also formed by the private sector to assist the industries.

HOW IMPORTANCE OF MALAYSIA HALAL CATERING REGULATIONS IN MALAYSIA COMMERCIAL VESSEL

Madzli Harun,Nor Atiqah Binti Che Udin,Jagan Jeevan,Nurul Haqimin Mohd Salleh,Wan Mariam Wan Abdullah,Azizul Yadi Yaakop,Zuha Rosufila Abu Hassan 국제이네비해양경제학회 2020 International Journal of e-Navigation and Maritime Vol.14 No.1

The formulation of Halal and Catering Regulation on board is a new draft proposal in shipping industry in the nation to ensure Muslim seafarers will be protected under social welfare. Currently, there are no regulations in place regarding the formulation of provision of Halal and Catering which have been enforced by several authorities at different sector in the nation. However, Halal JAKIM is an expert and focal point with the right to issue Halal certification not only in this nation but globally. The main objective of the study was to form a Halal committee on board for the co-ordination of responsibilities between the agencies, and the second objective was to establish the Halal and Catering Regulations on the merchant vessel for the Malaysian flag. The problem is that seafarers feel insecure about the preparation of halal food and no regulations have been issued to date. In fact, this study requires Qualitative methods because several actions related to the Halal-Toyibban Policy and food preparation rules should be obtained through closed-ended interviews with Halal regulatory experts, ship-owners, and selected stakeholders. Therefore, the analytical process will refer to the use of transmitted transitions from oral to text through the coding system in facilitate the content analysis process; and further to the level of discussion and findings. Ship-owners should ratify the Halal and Catering Regulations once they are enacted. The results of this study are expected to formulate the framework for the Halal and Catering Committee involving the agency by reference to interdependent theory. The second finding was to formulate a draft of the Halal and Catering Regulations on the Malaysian merchant vessel by reference to the application of benchmarking theory. Finally, this study will benefit the Muslim seafarer with the cooperation of the ship-owner and the relevant government agencies.

SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW: THE FORMULATION ON MALAYSIA HALAL CATERING REGULATION IN MALAYSIA COMMERCIAL VESSEL/CRUISE VESSEL

Madzli Harun,Nor Atiqah Binti Che Udin,Jagan Jeevan,Nurul Haqimin Mohd Salleh,Wan Mariam Wan Abdullah,Azizul Yadi Yaakop,Zuha Rosufila Abu Hassan 국제이네비해양경제학회 2020 International Journal of e-Navigation and Maritime Vol.15 No.1

Systematic literature reviews (SLR) are very important to track the extent to which studies related to the formulation of Halal Catering on board have been previously studied by previous scholars. Therefore, the SLR study requires a clear and detailed understanding concerning the study direction for each selected article by analyzing the scope of the study and its dimensions as the main emphasis whether it has been discussed by any previous scholar or otherwise. Through the basis of the analysis of literature reviews will enable the specific detection of the title of the study. Even SLR analysis is also able to compare in terms of the year the article was published by comparing the differences in scope and dimensions of each article by selected scholars referred to 16 scholars from the year 2012 until 2017. Regards to methodology, SLR emphasised into five stages such as i) Time Frame, ii) Selection of a database, iii) Journal selection, iv) Article selection and v) Literature review analysis. Analysis, discussion, and findings will be focusing on the scope, dimensions, and years of studies by using figures, tables as facilitators of analysis and findings. Hence, the role of Halal institutions will be able to assess its ability to form halal rules with the involvement of stakeholders and the scope that has been affected in detail.

Removing Price Subsidies and Impacts on Consumption and Production Patterns: Evidence From a Systematic Literature Review

JINGJING LIU,Norlida Hanim Mohd Salleh,Masoud Yahoo,Nor Ghani Bin Md Nor,Riayati Ahmad 서울대학교행정대학원 2024 Journal of Policy Studies Vol.39 No.1

Due to the increasing trend in prices for food and energy products in global markets, subsidy removal and complementary policies have received significant attention in recent years. Critics of subsidy removal express concerns about the potential negative effects on the economy, including impacts on GDP, employment, household welfare, and production sectors. This has led to worries among majority economic policy-making bodies regarding potential social unrest, particularly its impact on low-income households. Therefore, there exists a debate in the literature on the potential impacts of subsidy removal. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the impacts of subsidy removal policies and related subjects using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The main research question is, ‘Do subsidy removal schemes necessarily lead to economic distortions?’ The results indicate that impacts on the economy and household indicators are more explored than the influences on government and industry. The magnitude of these impacts varies depending on the types of subsidies and the extent of subsidy reduction. Considerable attention has been given to the impact of energy subsidy removal in Asian developing countries, while there is a lack of studies on other subsidized products and developed countries. Governments are advised to investigate their unique internal policy dynamics while considering external environments.