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Kim, J.,Laemmlin, M.,Meuer, C.,Liebich, S.,Eisenstein, G.,Kovsh, A. R.,Mikhrin, S. S.,Krestnikov, I. L.,Bimberg, D. WILEY-VCH Verlag 2009 Physica Status Solidi. B Vol.246 No.4
<P>We present experimental and numerical results of the high-speed small-signal cross-gain modulation (XGM) and crosstalk of quantum-dot (QD) semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) operating at 1.3 μm. The measured small-signal XGM responses at various injection currents show that they can be enhanced by injecting more carriers to the QD carrier reservoir. The calculated results of gain saturation in QD SOAs, based on multiple couple-rate equations, demonstrates that the enhanced XGM responses at high injection current is due to the transition of the main XGM mechanism from slow total carrier density depletion to ultrafast spectra hole burning. The calculated small-signal crosstalk becomes larger at high injection current, which is similar to the high-speed XGM responses. (© 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)</P>
Meuer, C.,Jungho Kim,Laemmlin, M.,Liebich, S.,Eisenstein, G.,Bonk, R.,Vallaitis, T.,Leuthold, J.,Kovsh, A.,Krestnikov, I.,Bimberg, D. IEEE 2009 IEEE journal of selected topics in quantum electro Vol.15 No.3
<P>Wavelength conversion using cross-gain modulation (XGM) in quantum-dot (QD) semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) is investigated. Small-signal measurements reveal that the XGM bandwidth as well as the conversion efficiency strongly depends on the bias current. Thus, it is possible to tune the XGM by increasing the current from a low efficiency with a 10-GHz bandwidth to a very efficient one with bandwidths well exceeding 40 GHz. Two different saturation mechanisms are responsible for this pronounced influence of the bias current: 1) total carrier depletion that leads to a slow broadband cross-gain saturation and 2) spectral hole burning that causes spectrally narrow-band high-speed XGM. With increasing current, the saturation by depleting the carrier reservoir, which feeds the QDs, is minimized, and therefore, spectral hole burning becomes more dominant. Large-signal wavelength conversion experiments using 50 ps pulses indicate that efficient high-speed XGM is feasible for pump and probe signal detuning up to 10 nm. With increasing detuning, larger pulse broadening and a decreasing efficiency are observed, consistent with the small-signal results. The results on the QD SOAs are compared to conventional quantum-well devices.</P>