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Development of genetic markers in abalone through construction of a SNP database
Kang, J.‐,H.,Appleyard, S. A.,Elliott, N. G.,Jee, Y.‐,J.,Lee, J. B.,Kang, S. W.,Baek, M. K.,Han, Y. S.,Choi, T.‐,J.,Lee, Y. S. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 Animal genetics Vol.42 No.3
<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>In the absence of a reference genome, single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) discovery in a group of abalone species was undertaken by random sequence assembly. A web‐based interface was constructed, and 11 932 DNA sequences from the genus <I>Haliotis</I> were assembled, with 1321 contigs built. Of these, 118 contigs that consisted of at least ten annotation groups were selected. The 1577 putative SNPs were identified from the 118 contigs, with SNPs in several <I>HSP70</I> gene contigs confirmed by PCR amplification of an 809‐bp DNA fragment. SNPs in the <I>HSP70</I> gene were compared across eight abalone species. A total of 129 polymorphic sites, including heterozygote sites within and among species, were observed. Phylogenetic analysis of the partial <I>HSP70</I> gene region showed separation of the tested abalone into two groups, one reflecting the southern hemisphere species and the other the northern hemisphere species. Interestingly, <I>Haliotis iris</I> from New Zealand showed a closer relationship to species distributed in the northern Pacific region. Although HSP genes are known to be highly conserved among taxa, the validation of polymorphic SNPs from <I>HSP70</I> in this mollusc demonstrates the applicability of cross‐species SNP markers in abalone and the first step towards universal nuclear markers in <I>Haliotis</I>.</P>
S. Mitchell Heiner,Boyd R. Viers,Marcelino E. Rivera,Brian J. Linder,Daniel S. Elliott 대한비뇨의학회 2018 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.59 No.1
Purpose: Functional characteristics and durability of the artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) among patients who develop bladder cancer has been poorly characterized. We sought to evaluate AUS outcomes among patients subsequently diagnosed with bladder cancer, in order to describe device survivability when subject to diagnostic and therapeutic procedures such as cystoscopy, transurethral resection, and cystectomy. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 1,803 male patients treated with AUS surgery at a single institution between 1983–2014. We describe AUS device outcomes among patients undergoing surveillance and treatment for bladder cancer. Results: Following AUS placement, 14 (0.8%) patients were subsequently diagnosed with and treated for bladder cancer and 4 patients with bladder cancer undergoing treatment and screening, subsequently received AUS placement. The median follow-up from device placement was 7.2 years (interquartile range [IQR], 2.8–11.5), and the median time from AUS placement to bladder cancer diagnosis was 6 (IQR, 0–9). There were a total of 8 primary and 1 secondary devices failures. Despite a median of 2 diagnostic cystoscopies (IQR, 1–6) and 0 bladder tumor resections (IQR, 0–0) per patient following device implantation, only 1 (5.6%) patient experienced an iatrogenic erosion related to urethral manipulation. Among those undergoing cystectomy (n=4), 1 device was left in situ without complication. Conclusions: Bladder cancer surveillance and treatment with an AUS device in place appears to confer minimal additional risk to AUS survival. Careful attention should be given to device deactivation and use of the smallest caliber instruments available to minimize the risk of iatrogenic urethral erosion.
The impact of incontinence etiology on artificial urinary sphincter outcomes
Adam R. Miller,Brian J. Linder,Laureano J. Rangel,David Y. Yang,Daniel S. Elliott 대한비뇨의학회 2017 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.58 No.4
Purpose: To evaluate the impact of incontinence etiology on artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) device outcomes. Materials and Methods: We identified 925 patients who underwent primary AUS placement from 1983 to 2011. The etiology of incontinence was categorized as radical prostatectomy alone, radical prostatectomy with radiation, benign prostate resection, and those with cryotherapy as a salvage prostate cancer treatment. Hazard regression and competing risk analyses were used to determine the association of the etiology of incontinence with device outcomes. Results: The distribution of the 4 etiologies of incontinence included: 598 patients (64.6%) treated with prostatectomy alone, 206 (22.2%) with prostatectomy and pelvic radiation therapy, 104 (11.2%) with benign prostate resection, and 17 (1.8%) with prior cryotherapy. With a median follow-up of 4.9 years (interquartile range, 1.2–8.8 years), there was significant difference in the cumulative incidence of device infection/urethral erosion events between the four etiologies (p=0.003). On multivariable analysis, prior cryotherapy (reference prostatectomy alone; hazard ratio [HR], 3.44; p=0.01), older age (HR, 1.07; p=0.0009) and history of a transient ischemic attack (HR, 2.57; p=0.04) were associated with an increased risk of device infection or erosion. Notably, pelvic radiation therapy with prostatectomy was not associated with an increased risk of device infection or erosion (reference prostatectomy alone, p=0.30). Conclusions: Compared to prostatectomy alone, prior treatment with salvage cryotherapy for recurrent prostate cancer was associated with an increased risk of AUS infection/erosion, whereas radiation (in addition to prostatectomy) was not.
Pharmacogenomic landscape of patient-derived tumor cells informs precision oncology therapy
Lee, Jin-Ku,Liu, Zhaoqi,Sa, Jason K.,Shin, Sang,Wang, Jiguang,Bordyuh, Mykola,Cho, Hee Jin,Elliott, Oliver,Chu, Timothy,Choi, Seung Won,Rosenbloom, Daniel I. S.,Lee, In-Hee,Shin, Yong Jae,Kang, Hyun J Nature Pub. Co 2018 Nature genetics Vol.50 No.10