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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Ramirez, Aaron Robert (검색결과 180 건)
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Ramirez Ramirez, Hugo Alonso The University of Nebraska - Lincoln 2014 해외박사(DDOD)
Research has shown that dairy diets may contain up to 30% corn dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS, interestingly, field experiences commonly report that milk fat depression (MFD), a disorder characterized by a sharp reduction in milk fat concentration and yield without affecting other productive traits, when feeding DDGS. The research described herein focused on the effects of feeding DDGS on MFD in dairy cows. Experiment 1 evaluated the effects of feeding high levels of corn oil and starch in diets containing 20% DDGS. The inclusion of corn oil or starch did not affect milk production but resulted in MFD; the combination of these two factors had additive negative effects that exacerbated the MFD response. Ruminal pH was similar across treatments. The results showed a shift in the ratio of acetate to propionate and suggest altered metabolism of unsaturated fatty acids that resulted in diet-induced MFD. Experiment 2 evaluated the effects of feeding reduced-fat DDGS (RFDDGS) as an alternative to lessen the risk of MFD and determine its effects on bacterial community structure. Milk yield was not affected by treatment. Feeding a control diet and RFDDG and resulted in greater concentration and yield of fat compared with DDGS. Proportions of Firmicutes decreased 9 h postfeeding and increased to the initial level by 23 h, conversely Bacteroidetes increased 9 h postfeeding. These results indicate that diurnal variation in bacterial community composition as well as diet-induced structural changes may affect animal performance. Experiment 3 examined the effects of feeding short and long particles of grass hay in combination with corn oil on milk production and composition. The smaller particle size reduced rumination time and increased ruminal rate of passage. There were no effects on dry matter intake and milk production. Milk composition was negatively affected in cows consuming fine particles in combination with corn oil as they exhibited MFD; this response was partially reversed by long particles. These results underscore the importance of providing dairy cows with adequate physically effective fiber in diets formulated to contain high levels of oil.
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China’s Engagement in Latin America and the Caribbean Region : Three Possible Explanations
Ramirez, Pablo Andres 서강대학교 2014 국내석사
One of the most discussed phenomena the last decades in international relations has been the emergence of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) as an increasingly influential global power. One of the aspects of this phenomenon is the intensification and diversification of interactions between the PRC and different regions of the world, including Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). There have been a number of studies describing and analyzing economic links between the PRC and LAC, however other dimensions, such as political, security, and military have been less researched. Furthermore, although the objectives and motivations of the PRC to engage in this region are matters of concern for different authors, policy makers, and politicians, there have not been serious investigations about the long-term agenda of China in the region. This study provides three different explanations of China’s engagement in LAC generated from an exhaustive analysis of Chinese foreign policy on this region and current activities that China is developing in each country in the region. First, a minimalist hypothesis asserts that China’s main objective in the region is limited to economic matters, especially obtaining natural resources to feed its economic growth. Secondly, a maximalist hypothesis states that China is looking for increasing its power, diminishing American hegemonism in its own sphere of influence. Finally, a moderate hypothesis underlines the uncertain, flexible and changing nature of Chinese motivations in its engagement with Latin America and the Caribbean.
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Disaster assessment guideline of tall buildings in South Korea by K-rapid visual screening system
Piña Ramirez Maria Graduate School, Korea University 2018 국내석사
Over the last decade, climate change and global warming consequences have shown that civil engineering’s professionals and people around the construction sector need to prepare to face this serious problem. The World has witnessed stronger hazards, as powerful earthquakes and hurricanes with unusual behavior, at unexpected places. These phenomena have ended with substantial infrastructure damages or destruction at the event site, and even in some cases, with casualty human losses. But these hazards are not the only matters that must be a concern to the structures specialists, manmade hazards are other threats that should be computed in the equation, at the time to evaluate risk level of a building. Keeping this in mind, an Integrated Rapid Visual Screening System of Tall Buildings modified by Korean Guidelines and Regulations is presented, named K-Rapid Visual Screening System. Information about the changes is provided; besides, explanation of how the adjusted system is more suitable to Korea buildings assessment.
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Paola Mariana Ramirez Sazo 경희대학교 2012 국내석사
Retinophilin in Drosophila melanogaster is a protein with 4 MONR repeats and is found predominantly in the rhabdhomere region of photoreceptor cells in Drosophila eyes. This protein is involved in the proper termination of the phototransduction response, the suppression of photoreceptor dark noise and in the phagocytosis process in embryos.There is no previous study about the expression of retinophilin in the different developmental stages of Drosophila; also there is no evidence of how retinophilin interacts with the plasma membrane of the photoreceptor cells. This study gives information about the expression of retinophilin in the different stages of the development and how the protein interacts with the plasma membrane. Retinophilin was found to be expressed predominantly in the rhabdomere region of photoreceptor cells in Drosophila eyes. But it was not found in other developmental stages, this could be due to low levels of expression that could not be detected. To determine how the retinophilin interacts with the plasma membrane western blot was done with different protein fractions. The results showed that retinophilin is found in the cytosol and bound peripherally to the plasma membrane; since retinophilin is found in the photoreceptor cells and is involved in the phototransduction process, the binding to the membrane could be regulated by light. Thus a western blot with flies exposed to dark/light cycles and only dark was done. The results showed that his binding is regulated by light. This study demonstrates that retinophilin is a protein that binds peripherally to the plasma membrane of photoreceptor cells and this binding is regulated by light.
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Spatialtemporal Local Directional Patterns for Facial Expression Recognition
Gerberth Adin Ramirez Rivera 경희대학교 2013 국내박사
The number of smart devices, computers and other personal electronic devices that we own and interact with is increasing everyday. Moreover, we need smarter devices that understand human behavior to facilitate our interaction with them. That is, as we are surrounded by more devices in our daily lives, those devices should be aware of their environment and their users, and should assess the emotional state and responses of the human user to adjust their answers and actions. Given that facial expressions and corporal language are the most emotion-related signals that humans emit, it is natural to incorporate human expression recognition capabilities into smart devices. We have evolved to understand and interact through corporal language, such as facial expressions, to the point of inferring another person's emotional state based on these cues. However, few advances have been made towards a model of human emotions understandable by a computer. Thus, the first step in that direction is the recognition and classification of human facial expressions as basic constituents to infer more complex human emotional states. Therefore, we need robust automatic face analysis algorithms to be included in our smart devices. To automatically recognize facial expressions we need a robust description of each expression---or in general, a robust face or image descriptor. Furthermore, that description should be general enough to accommodate the different ways in which each expression can be performed, while maintaining the discrimination among the different expressions. For example, there are many facial configurations that resemble a smile, and, even more, people may smile in different ways; nevertheless, the descriptor should be similar for all these cases. Simultaneously, when we extract that descriptor from anger expressions, it should be different from the smile one. Moreover, there are other challenges that a robust descriptor should overcome. For example, for daily-use devices, such as smart phones, the environment in which the pictures are captured varies immensely, e.g., we may have non-constant illumination, noise, rotation and background changes, among others. Thus, the challenge of creating an image descriptor is to overcome the changes in environmental conditions as well as inter- and intra-class variations. Thus, in this thesis we develop and analyze several robust facial descriptors that are discriminative between classes, yet enclose the intra-class variations due to imaging conditions, appearance changes, noise, and other factors. To achieve these descriptors, we develop the directional number as a building block for micro-pattern code schemes that encapsulate local information of the images into single codes. In a nutshell, a directional number models the prominent directions of the micro patterns, i.e., the structure of the textures in the images, both static and dynamic. Furthermore, we analyze and explore the use of the directional numbers to encode different patterns to solve the face analysis problem, and combine them with other types of information, such as color, to increase the discrimination of our codes. Additionally, we show that our directional numbers have several advantages over existing appearance-based coding schemes. First, we overcome the limitation of the common bit-string marking representation, used by previous methods, by using the directional numbers to generate codes that correlate the similarity between the patterns being coded with the generated codes, i.e., similar patterns generate codes that are close in the code space. This proximity in the code space eases the code processing for higher level representation. Second, the use of the directional numbers produces more flexible code schemes in comparison to previous codes, as we can mix and extract other information to and from the codes easily. Furthermore, we extend the concept of the directional number to the spatiotemporal domain, and explore its use to represent dynamic micro-patterns that appear in video sequences of facial expressions. Thus, by using temporal information we can increase the accuracy of the expression recognition problem. In this thesis, we propose several combinations of the spatiotemporal information to produce robust code schemes that exploit the structure and motion of the micro-patterns. Additionally, we propose modeling techniques that incorporate the spatiotemporal information in early coding stages, which prove to be more robust in comparison to mixing this information later in the descriptor as current methods do. Moreover, we develop and analyze a novel spatiotemporal face descriptor based on the spatiotemporal directional numbers that takes advantage of the temporal information of the face videos. Additionally, we extend and explore the use of the proposed spatiotemporal directional numbers to describe and classify dynamic textures. Given that the facial expressions can be thought as a dynamic texture, we can easily extend and apply our proposed descriptors to a more general classification problem. Our experiments support the generalization possibilities of our proposed spatiotemporal code schemes and descriptors. We tested all the proposed algorithms using several public available databases and protocols. Finally, we classify the different image descriptors using well-known support vector machines which utilize one-versus-one technique. Hence, we validate and demonstrate the superiority of our proposed techniques based on directional numbers, which can be reliably applied to different problems, such as facial expressions recognition, both with static and dynamic data, dynamic texture recognition, and we also show the potential of some codes to be applied to face recognition.
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