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Enhanced Hybrid Routing Protocol for Load Balancing in WSN Using Mobile Sink Node

Kaur, Rajwinder,Shergi, Gurleen Kaur Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers 2016 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.15 No.3
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Load balancing is a significant technique to prolong a network's lifetime in sensor network. This paper introduces a hybrid approach named as Load Distributing Hybrid Routing Protocol (LDHRP) composed with a border node routing protocol (BDRP) and greedy forwarding (GF) strategy which will make the routing effective, especially in mobility scenarios. In an existing solution, because of the high network complexity, the data delivery latency increases. To overcome this limitation, a new approach is proposed in which the source node transmits the data to its respective destination via border nodes or greedily until the complete data is transmitted. In this way, the whole load of a network is evenly distributed among the participating nodes. However, border node is mainly responsible in aggregating data from the source and further forwards it to mobile sink; so there will be fewer chances of energy expenditure in the network. In addition to this, number of hop counts while transmitting the data will be reduced as compared to the existing solutions HRLBP and ZRP. From the simulation results, we conclude that proposed approach outperforms well than existing solutions in terms including end-to-end delay, packet loss rate and so on and thus guarantees enhancement in lifetime.
2
Enhanced Hybrid Routing Protocol for Load Balancing in WSN Using Mobile Sink Node

Rajwinder Kaur,Gurleen Kaur Shergil 대한산업공학회 2016 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.15 No.3
- 원문보기
Load balancing is a significant technique to prolong a network’s lifetime in sensor network. This paper introduces a hybrid approach named as Load Distributing Hybrid Routing Protocol (LDHRP) composed with a border node routing protocol (BDRP) and greedy forwarding (GF) strategy which will make the routing effective, especially in mobility scenarios. In an existing solution, because of the high network complexity, the data delivery latency increases. To overcome this limitation, a new approach is proposed in which the source node transmits the data to its respective destination via border nodes or greedily until the complete data is transmitted. In this way, the whole load of a network is evenly distributed among the participating nodes. However, border node is mainly responsible in aggregating data from the source and further forwards it to mobile sink; so there will be fewer chances of energy expenditure in the network. In addition to this, number of hop counts while transmitting the data will be reduced as compared to the existing solutions HRLBP and ZRP. From the simulation results, we conclude that proposed approach outperforms well than existing solutions in terms including end-to-end delay, packet loss rate and so on and thus guarantees enhancement in lifetime.
3
Serendipity in solution–GQDs zeolitic imidazole frameworks nanocomposites for highly sensitive detection of sulfide ions

Sammi, Heena,Kukkar, Deepak,Singh, Jaskaran,Kukkar, Preeti,Kaur, Rajwinder,Kaur, Harmanpreet,Rawat, Mohit,Singh, Gurjinder,Kim, Ki-Hyun Elsevier 2018 Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical Vol.255 No.3
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Abstract An innovative and facile sensing approach for common inorganic anions present in aqueous media has been developed using nanocomposites of europium doped graphene quantum dots (GQDs:Eu) with zeolitic imidazole frameworks (ZIF-8). GQDs:Eu, prepared initially by solvothermal approach (at <10nm in diameter), exhibited a strong and intense blue emission at 430nm when dispersed in ethanol. ZIF-8 nanocubes, synthesized on a parallel basis, were in a fairly uniform size distribution (e.g., 185nm in diameter). The formation of nanocomposites by surface adsorption (between GQDs:Eu and ZIF-8) led to significant increase in fluorescence intensity as observed through photo-luminescence spectroscopy. Their interactions with anions (e.g., in terms of variations in the fluorescence intensity) were initially checked against sulfide and other anionic species (e.g., Br−, Cl−, F−, and NO3 −). Among the tested ions, GQDs:Eu-ZIF-8 were found to effectively and sensitively detect sulfide (S2−) with significantly high turn on fluorescence. The feasibility of this nanosensing system was explored further toward the detection of S2− ions. These nanocomposites were thus demonstrated to be feasible for solution-based sensing of S2− ions with high reproducibility and sensitivity at limit of detection (LOD) of 0.12ppm. Highlights <UL> <LI> An innovative approach for detection of pollutant sulfide ions is proposed. </LI> <LI> The method is built based upon turn on fluorescence intensity of GQDs:Eu in the matrix structure of Zeolitic Imidazole Framework Nanoparticles. </LI> <LI> Among the tested ions (e.g. S2−, Br−, Cl−, F−, and NO3 −), the nanocomposites sensitively detect sulfide (S2−) with significantly high turn on fluorescence. </LI> <LI> This nanocomposite-based sensing method exhibit high reproducibility and sensitivity at limit of detection (LOD) of 0.12ppm. </LI> <LI> This approach can be extended further to the detection of sulfide ions from environmental samples. </LI> </UL> Graphical abstract An innovative and facile sensing approach for solution-based sensing of sulfide (S2−) anions using nanocomposites of europium doped Graphene Quantum Dots (GQDs:Eu) with Zeolitic Imidazole Frameworks (ZIF-8) has been reported. These nanocomposites are thus demonstrated as an efficient platform for solution-based sensing of S2− ions with high reproducibility and selectivity. [DISPLAY OMISSION]

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