Promotional effects of K₂O on Ti, Zr and Mn terinary mixed oxides for the selective production of ethylbenzene with CO₂

( Raju ),최광민,이종학,박상언 한국공업화학회 2006 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2006 No.-

Analytical Models to Predict Power Harvesting with Piezoelectric Transducer

Raghava Raju Muppala,K. Padma Raju,Nam Mee Moon,Baek Ho Jung 한국전자파학회JEES 2008 Journal of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science Vol.8 No.1

Advances in low power design open the possibility to harvest energy from the environment to power electronic circuits. Electrical energy can be harvested from piezoelectric transducer. Piezoelectric materials can be used as mechanisms to transfer mechanical energy usually vibrating system into electrical energy that can be stored and used to power other devices. Micro- to milli-watts power can be generated from vibrating system. We developed definitive and analytical models to predict the power generated from a cantilever beam attached with piezoelectric transducer. Analytical models are pin-force method, enhanced pin-force method and Euler-Bernoulli method. Harmonic oscillations and random noise will be the two different forcing functions used to drive each system. It has been selected the best model for generating electric power based upon the analytical results obtained.

Intraspecific genetic variation in Corynandra chelidonii (Angiosperms: Cleomaceae) as revealed by SCoT, ISSR and RAPD analyses

Sirangi, Subash,Jogam, Phanikanth,Nemali, Gandhi,Ajmeera, Ragan,Abbagani, Sadanandam,Raju, Vatsavaya S. The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2020 JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY Vol.47 No.4

The genetic diversity of two subpopulations of Corynandra chelidonii, one of terrestrial and the other of aquatic environments, was measured with molecular markers, such as start codon targeted (SCoT), inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR), and random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD). The traditional morphological traits such as habitat, habit, leaf morphology, the colour of the sepals and petals, number of stamens, and seed morphology formed the base for their realization as two varieties, C. chelidonii var. pallae and C. chelidonii var. chelidonii. The polymorphism between the two variants was 100% with the primers SCoT-2 and OPA-1 and 4, while maximum polymorphism was detected with ISSR-2, SCoT-3, and OPA-3. The study used, for the first time, more than one molecular marker to assess the genetic variation underscoring the morphological variation in Corynandra chelidonii (L.f.) Cochrane & Iltis. The study justifies the recognition of the two subpopulations of Corynandra chelidonii from aquatic and terrestrial environments as two distinct varieties, C. chelidonii var. pallae (Reddy & Raju) V.S.Raju and C. chelidonii var. chelidonii, respectively, based on the traditional taxonomic evidence.

Mobile Guidance System for Evacuation based on Wi-Fi System and Node Architecture

Raju, Timalsina,Kim, Woo Sung Korea Data Strategy Society 2019 Journal of information technology applications & m Vol.26 No.5

Recently great loss of life and property is occurring because of fire, natural disaster, earth quake, tsunami and so on. People spend 80~90% of their time indoor environment like office, supermarket, campus. Therefore Indoor navigation and guidelines system became so essential for most of all. Incase of emergency we must be careful earlier, in such a cases 5G kind of new technology may also cannot work. So immediate action and quick routing notification for guidelines and protection is the most. Considering this issue We proposed indoor evacuating guidance system based on microcontroller Wi-Fi board for Indoor APP using mobile. Focusing various kind of technology like, ok google, voice search APP we purposed node architecture based system. When we listen fire alarm while living inside the room. Then to be safe we connect with server and start Arduino UNO+IoT ESP8266 Wi-Fi shield version1-IoT module to store data in MySQL DB server. We make application to escape out from the building up-to the three exits giving information from source point to destination. Our program can send information to the users emergency location and situations. For this when the user get sound or vibration in their mobile device it indicate fire out near by. At that time we update message from Arduino to DB server for the fixed current position inside the building which give routing signal for that fire out location by changing values from 0 to 1. We have user in point 10 where user is near by. Later we detect Wi-Fi signal form Nodemcu as room of each floor and try to connect with user. Main purpose of this paper is to save life of people in short time and find out the shortest path up to nearest exits in the time of emergencies and rescue them.

Optical temperature sensing properties of Stokes fluorescence-based high color-purity green-emitting Sr₂Gd₈(SiO₄)₆O₂:Er³⁺ phosphors

Raju, G. Seeta Rama,Pavitra, E.,Rao, Gattupalli Manikya,Jeon, Tae-Joon,Jeon, Sie-Wook,Huh, Yun Suk,Han, Young-Kyu Elsevier 2018 JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS Vol.756 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR)-based optical thermometry has attracted a great deal of attention because it allows accurate and reliable temperature measurements with high spatial resolution and real-time monitoring. Herein, we report the novel Sr<SUB>2</SUB>Gd<SUB>8</SUB>(SiO<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>6</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>:Er<SUP>3+</SUP> (SGSO:Er<SUP>3+</SUP>) phosphor as an optical thermometry material. The sol-gel method is used to synthesize the oxyapatite structured SGSO:Er<SUP>3+</SUP> phosphors, which exhibits a rod-like morphology. The photoluminescence spectra of SGSO:Er<SUP>3+</SUP> phosphors displays two distinct green emission bands corresponding to the electronic transitions <SUP>2</SUP>H<SUB>11/2</SUB> → <SUP>4</SUP>I<SUB>15/2</SUB> and <SUP>4</SUP>S<SUB>3/2</SUB> → <SUP>4</SUP>I<SUB>15/2</SUB>. The temperature-induced variations in the FIR result in a maximum sensitivity of 3.4 × 10<SUP>−3</SUP> K<SUP>−1</SUP> at 463 K. Further, the CIE chromaticity coordinates do not shift from the green region when the temperature is increased from 303 to 483 K and the color purity only decreasing from 77.6 to 71.4%. The SGSO:2Er<SUP>3+</SUP> phosphor exhibits the color-purity of 93.5% when excited with low-energy electron beam. These results suggest that the SGSO:2Er<SUP>3+</SUP> phosphor is a promising material for optical temperature sensors and display devices.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Green-emitting Sr<SUB>2</SUB>Gd<SUB>8</SUB>(SiO<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>6</SUB>:Er<SUP>3+</SUP> is reported as a novel multifunctional material. </LI> <LI> Sr<SUB>2</SUB>Gd<SUB>8</SUB>(SiO<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>6</SUB>:Er<SUP>3+</SUP> phosphor exhibits a maximum sensitivity of 3.4 × 10<SUP>−3</SUP> K<SUP>−1</SUP> at 463 K. </LI> <LI> Green color-purity destruction under elevated thermal condition is only about 6%. </LI> <LI> Under low electron-beam excitation, phosphor unveil 93.5% green color-purity. </LI> </UL> </P>

Development of chloroplast transformation vectors, and a new target region in the tobacco plastid genome

Raju Madanala,Vijayta Gupta,Rakesh Tuli,Pradhyumna Kumar Singh 한국식물생명공학회 2012 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.6 No.1

Plastid transformation vectors are used for highlevel expression of industrially important recombinant proteins in plants. In the present study, new vectors for plastid transformation were developed. One of these vectors targets transgenes at a new site in the chloroplast genome. Intergenic regions of trnfM-trnG, ndhB-trnL and rrn16-trnV were selected as sites for transgene insertion. Tobacco chloroplast was successfully transformed with designed vectors, and the transplastomic plants accumulated recombinant protein as high as 5–6% of total soluble protein which remained localized in the chloroplasts. Although the vectors were designed using the plastid genome of Nicotiana tabacum, flanking regions used in two vectors show a high level of homology with chloroplast genomes of other plant species, thus it might be possible to use them for the transformation of a wider range of plant species.

Joining of metal-ceramic using reactive air brazing for oxygen transport membrane applications

Raju, K.,Muksin,Kim, S.,Song, K.s.,Yu, J.H.,Yoon, D.H. Elsevier Ltd 2016 Materials & Design Vol.109 No.-

<P>This study examined the joining of dense Ce0.9Gd0.1O2 (-) (delta)-La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3 (-) (delta) (GDC-LSCF) ceramics to high temperature metal alloys for the fabrication of multilayered oxygen transport membrane (OTM) stacks. Reactive air brazing using a silver-based paste was performed at 1050 degrees C for 30 min in air to join GDC-LSCF/high temperature alloys, such as AISI 310S, Inconel 600 and Crofer 22 APU. The effects of the various filler materials, including CuO, GDC, LSCF, and GDC-LSCF mixture, in the Ag paste were also examined. The Ag-10 wt% CuO braze filler ensured in a reliable and compact joining without the formation of cracks and voids at the joining interface, while the addition of other ceramic fillers resulted in incomplete joining. Although none of the GDC-LSCF/metal alloy joints showed gas leakage at room temperature, the GDC-LSCF/Crofer joint only maintained the gas-tightness up to 800 degrees C under pressurized air up to 7 bars, which was explained by the microstructural rigidness of the oxide layer formed on the filler/alloy interface at high temperatures. This was supported by the minimal decrease in shear strength of the GDC-LSCF/Crofer joint, which was 91.1 and 88.3 MPa for the as-brazed and isothermally aged joint at 800 degrees C for 24 h in air, respectively. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd.</P>

Reactive air brazing of GDC-LSCF ceramics using Ag-10wt% CuO paste for oxygen transport membrane applications

Raju, K.,Muksin,Yoon, D.H. Ceramurgica ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2016 CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL Vol.42 No.14

This paper reports the effectiveness of a Ag-10wt% CuO braze filler for the joining of dense Ce<SUB>0.9</SUB>Gd<SUB>0.1</SUB>O<SUB>2-δ</SUB>-La<SUB>0.6</SUB>Sr<SUB>0.4</SUB>Co<SUB>0.2</SUB>Fe<SUB>0.8</SUB>O<SUB>3-δ</SUB> (GDC-LSCF) dual-phase ceramics for the oxygen transport membrane applications. Brazing was performed at 1050<SUP>o</SUP>C for 30min in air. The microstructure of the ceramic-filler-ceramic interfaces of the polished cross-sectional areas and the elemental distribution were examined. The results indicated that the Ag-10wt% CuO braze filler ensured reliable and compact joining without the formation of cracks and voids at the joining interface. The room temperature mechanical shear strengths were 59.3 and 40.2MPa for the as-brazed and isothermally aged joints at 800<SUP>o</SUP>C for 24h in air, respectively.

<i>Biophytum sensitivum</i> nanomedicine reduces cell viability and nitrite production in prostate cancer cells

Raju, Arathy,Nair, Shantikumar V.,Lakshmanan, Vinoth-Kumar IET 2017 IET nanobiotechnology Vol.11 No.7

<P>Phytomedicine research received tremendous attention for novel therapeutic agent due to their safety and low cost. We assessed a novel nanoformulation of Biophytum sensitivum (BS), natural flavonoids for their improved efficacy and superior bioavailability against crude extract for prostate cancer cells (PC3). We prepared a nanomedicine of BS by nanoprecipitation method and size analysis via DLS and SEM revealed a range of 100-118nm and surface zeta potential as -9.77mV. FTIR was performed to evaluate functional for presence of carbonyl and aromatic rings, respectively. Human PC3 cells showed concentration at 0.5, 0.8, and 1mg/ml dependent cytotoxicity 22, 39, and 56% for 24h, whereas 43, 41, and 67% for 48h of BS nanomedicine compared with crude 11, 22, and 53% for 24h and 38, 31, and 60% for 48h, respectively. Haemocompatibility of BS nanomedicine at the concentration of 0.5, 0.8, and 1mg/ml did not show blood aggregation. Cellular uptake was confirmed using rhodamine-conjugated BS nanomedicine for 48h. Interestingly, BS nanomedicine 1 mg/ml decreases the nitrite productions in PC3 cells. Collectively, BS nanomedicine has the potential anti-cancer agents with biocompatible and enhanced efficacy can be beneficial for the treatment of prostate cancer</P>

Sintering additives for SiC based on the reactivity: A review

Raju, Kati,Yoon, Dang-Hyok Elsevier 2016 CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL Vol.42 No.16

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Silicon carbide (SiC) is one of the most attractive materials for high temperature applications, being used in many areas, such as gas turbines, heat exchangers, and space shuttles, because of its excellent strength, oxidation resistance and chemical stability at high temperatures. Moreover, SiC and its composites are being considered as structural materials for advanced fission reactors and future fusion reactors owing to its additional low induced radioactivity under neutron irradiation conditions. On the other hand, pure SiC can only be densified by sintering at high temperatures and pressures because of its high covalent bonding nature and low self-diffusivity. Therefore, the addition of sintering additives is essential for enhancing the densification of SiC. This paper reviews the criteria for the selection of effective SiC sintering additives based on the Gibbs free energy to predict the reactivity between the sintering additive and SiC, particularly for liquid phase sintering at 1700–1900°C. The thermodynamic simulation was verified by offering the experimental results for various types of sintering additives, such as main group metals, metal oxides, and rare earth elements. This review suggests a guideline for the selection of sintering additives for SiC.</P>