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Skew Laurent polynomial extensions of Baer and p.p.-rings
Alireza R. Nasr-Isfahani,Ahmad Moussavi 대한수학회 2009 대한수학회보 Vol.46 No.6
Let R be a ring and α a monomorphism of R. We study the skew Laurent polynomial rings R[x, x^(−1);α] over an α-skew Armendariz ring R. We show that, if R is an α-skew Armendariz ring, then R is a Baer (resp. p.p.-)ring if and only if R[x, x^(−1);α] is a Baer (resp. p.p.-) ring. Consequently, if R is an Armendariz ring, then R is a Baer (resp. p.p.-)ring if and only if R[x, x^(−1)] is a Baer (resp. p.p.-)ring. Let R be a ring and α a monomorphism of R. We study the skew Laurent polynomial rings R[x, x^(−1);α] over an α-skew Armendariz ring R. We show that, if R is an α-skew Armendariz ring, then R is a Baer (resp. p.p.-)ring if and only if R[x, x^(−1);α] is a Baer (resp. p.p.-) ring. Consequently, if R is an Armendariz ring, then R is a Baer (resp. p.p.-)ring if and only if R[x, x^(−1)] is a Baer (resp. p.p.-)ring.
SKEW LAURENT POLYNOMIAL EXTENSIONS OF BAER AND P.P.-RINGS
Nasr-Isfahani, Alireza R.,Moussavi, Ahmad Korean Mathematical Society 2009 대한수학회보 Vol.46 No.6
Let R be a ring and ${\alpha}$ a monomorphism of R. We study the skew Laurent polynomial rings R[x, x$^{-1}$; ${\alpha}$] over an ${\alpha}$-skew Armendariz ring R. We show that, if R is an ${\alpha}$-skew Armendariz ring, then R is a Baer (resp. p.p.-)ring if and only if R[x, x$^{-1}$; ${\alpha}$] is a Baer (resp. p.p.-) ring. Consequently, if R is an Armendariz ring, then R is a Baer (resp. p.p.-)ring if and only if R[x, x$^{-1}$] is a Baer (resp. p.p.-)ring.
The Effect of Teacher's Business Knowledge Distributions on School's Academic Achievement
KOLANDAN Subramaniam,PALTHAMBURAJ Kingston,RETNAM R Kalai Vilanggum Kanimoli,BASRI Azizul Qayyum,MD YASIR5 Ahmad Shah Hizam 한국유통과학회 2023 유통과학연구 Vol.21 No.12
Purpose: Business education is in high demand whereas knowledge is critical for an individual's professional development in general, and for teachers in particular. In this research, the effect of the distributions of teachers’ business knowledge on schools’ achievement were investigated. Research design, data and methodology: This study employs a quantitative method to investigate the level of business knowledge distributions of teachers on schools’ achievement. 155 business studies subject teachers were categorised into 66 respective schools to measure the correlation and regression between teachers’ business knowledge distribution and schools’ achievement. Results: The results of the study show that there is a significant relationship between school achievement from the aspect of teachers’ business knowledge distributions, with the score of, r = 0.345, p < 0.05. The value of R2 shows a moderate relationship between the teachers’ knowledge distributions on school achievement but still plays a role in determining the measurement of the school's level of achievement. Conclusions: It is concluded that the relationship between teacher’s business knowledge and school achievement in the subject of Business Studies is significant. This study proves that the teacher's knowledge about business is very important in guaranteeing the success of students who took this subject.
Lead Sorption by Carbon Nanofibers Grown on Powdered Activated Carbon - Kinetics and Equilibrium
Abdullah Al Mamun,Yehya M. Ahmed,Ma'an Fahmi R. AlKhatib,Ahmad Tariq Jameel,Mohammed Abdul Hakeem Abdul Rahman AlSaadi 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2015 NANO Vol.10 No.2
Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) were synthesized by using a safe and less hazardous method, compared to using floating catalysts in chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. This process used C2H2 as carbon source and oil palm kernel shell-based powdered activated carbon (PAC) as cheap solid substrate. Use of nickel (Ni2+) impregnated PAC as fixed substrate for the synthesis of CNF is one of the novelties of the research work accomplished by the authors. The PAC–CNFs porous nanocomposite product was used for the sorption of lead ions (Pb2+) from synthetic aqueous solution. Kinetics of Pb2+ adsorption and isotherms were investigated by varying initial concentration of lead and contact time. PAC–CNFs were found to remove Pb2+ better at acidic pH of about 5.5. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were applied to the sorption equilibrium data to find the best fitted model. Langmuir isotherm model with R2=0.965 fitted the adsorption data better than the Freundlich isotherm. The kinetic processes of Pb2+ adsorption on CNFs were investigated by applying different kinetic models, namely zero-order, pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order. The pseudo-second-order rate equation exhibited the best results with R=0.999, qe=74.79 (mg/g) and K2=0.029 (min·g/mg). The novel nanocomposite product seemed to have the potential to remove Pb2+ ions from aqueous solution.
Shrestha, B.K.,Ahmad, R.,Mousa, H.M.,Kim, I.G.,Kim, J.I.,Neupane, M.P.,Park, C.H.,Kim, C.S. Academic Press 2016 JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE - Vol.482 No.-
A highly electroactive bio-nanohybrid film of polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite was prepared on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization technique followed by chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization on its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor. The as-fabricated nanohybrid composite provides high surface area for GOx immobilization and thus enhances the enzyme-loading efficiency. The structural characterization revealed that the PPy-Nf-fMWCNTs nanocomposite films were uniformly formed on GCE and after GOx immobilization, the surface porosities of the film were decreased due to enzyme encapsulation inside the bio-nanohybrid composite materials. The electrochemical behavior of the fabricated biosensor was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and amperometry measurements. The results indicated an excellent catalytic property of bio-nanohybrid film for glucose detection with improved sensitivity of 2860.3μAmM<SUP>-1</SUP>cm<SUP>-2</SUP>, the linear range up to 4.7mM (R<SUP>2</SUP>=0.9992), and a low detection limit of 5μM under a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3. Furthermore, the resulting biosensor presented reliable selectivity, better long-term stability, good repeatability, reproducibility, and acceptable measurement of glucose concentration in real serum samples. Thus, this fabricated biosensor provides an efficient and highly sensitive platform for glucose sensing and can open up new avenues for clinical applications.
Causative Constructions in Modern Persian
Ahmad R. Lotfi 서울대학교 언어교육원 (구 서울대학교 어학연구소) 2008 語學硏究 Vol.44 No.1
This article is a conceptual exploration of causative constructions in Modern Persian. Based on a typology of causative constructions proposed by Song (1996), Persian causatives are surveyed in both formal and functional terms. The data are then exploited in order to shed further light on the cognitive basis of causativity, and to recast Song’s formulation of causative types in more solid cognitive terms drawn from Talmy’s (1985, 1988, 2000) forcedynamic account of causation. A tentative account of the grammaticisation of factual/nonfactual causation in Persian concludes the discussion.
Ahmad, R. T. M.,Hong, Seung-Ho,Shen, Tian-Zi,Song, Jang-Kun The Optical Society 2015 Optics express Vol.23 No.4
<P>In order to use graphene oxide (GO) dispersions for electro-optical applications, both a high GO concentration and a high electrical sensitivity are essential; however, these have not been achieved to date. Here, we report that by optimizing the mean size of GO particles to approximately 0.5 μm, one can obtain a high GO concentration of up to 2 wt% and high electrical sensitivity simultaneously. By reducing the mean GO-particle size, the interparticle interaction and the rotational viscosity can be significantly reduced, and a high-concentration isotropic phase can be obtained. As a result, the maximum birefringence increases and the dynamic response becomes faster. However, further decrease of the mean size below 0.1 μm causes a decrease in the anisotropy of electrical polarizability, resulting in the reduction of the electrical sensitivity of GO dispersions.</P>
Modification of the Conventional Influenza Epidemic Models Using Environmental Parameters in Iran
Ahmad Naserpor,Sharareh R. Niakan Kalhori,Marjan Ghazisaeedi,Rasoul Azizi,Mohammad Hosseini Ravandi,Sajad Sharafie 대한의료정보학회 2019 Healthcare Informatics Research Vol.25 No.1
Objectives: The association between the spread of infectious diseases and climate parameters has been widely studied in recent decades. In this paper, we formulate, exploit, and compare three variations of the susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) model incorporating climate data. The SIR model is a well-studied model to investigate the dynamics of influenza viruses; however, the improved versions of the classic model have been developed by introducing external factors into the model. Methods: The modification models are derived by multiplying a linear combination of three complementary factors, namely, temperature (T), precipitation (P), and humidity (H) by the transmission rate. The performance of these proposed models is evaluated against the standard model for two outbreak seasons. Results: The values of the root-mean-square error (RMSE) and the Akaike information criterion (AIC) improved as they declined from 8.76 to 7.05 and from 98.12 to 93.01 for season 2013/14, respectively. Similarly, for season 2014/15, the RMSE and AIC decreased from 8.10 to 6.45 and from 117.73 to 107.91, respectively. The estimated values of R(t) in the framework of the standard and modified SIR models are also compared. Conclusions: Through simulations, we determined that among the studied environmental factors, precipitation showed the strongest correlation with the transmission dynamics of influenza. Moreover, the SIR+P+T model is the most efficient for simulating the behavioral dynamics of influenza in the area of interest.