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Xu, Q.,Chen, M.,Chen, W.,Liu, H.X.,Kim, B.H.,Ahn, B.K. Elsevier Science 2008 ACTA MATERIALIA Vol.56 No.3
(Na<SUB>0.5</SUB>Bi<SUB>0.5</SUB>)<SUB>0.93</SUB>Ba<SUB>0.07</SUB>TiO<SUB>3</SUB> ceramics with added 0-0.8 wt.% CoO were prepared by a citrate method and the influence of the CoO additive on the structure and electrical properties of the ceramics was investigated. All the specimens maintained a rhombohedral-tetragonal phase coexistence in crystal structure and the addition of CoO caused a remarkably promoted grain growth. Adding CoO led to a disappearance of the response in the dielectric constant (ε<SUB>r</SUB>) to the ferroelectric-antiferroelectric transition and increased the diffuseness of the dielectric constant peak around 230<SUP>o</SUP>C. Polarization-electric field hysteresis loops at varied temperatures revealed that adding CoO served to increase the depolarization temperature (T<SUB>d</SUB>). The addition of CoO tailored the dielectric, piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties at room temperature basically following a hard doped effect. The specimen with 0.8 wt.% CoO added showed a low dissipation factor (tanδ) of 0.8% and a high mechanical quality factor (Q<SUB>m</SUB>) of 297 while retaining a piezoelectric constant (d<SUB>33</SUB>) of 137 pC N<SUP>-1</SUP>.
T. J. Chen,B. Q. Yang 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.12
Influences of previous electrochemical corrosion and chemical corrosion in H2SO4aqueous solution on surface layer softeningduring electrochemical cold drawing (ECD) of Q235 steel bar were investigated. Results indicate that these two corrosionsall further soften the steel during the subsequent ECD and make the ECD to easier conduct, and the effect from the formercorrosion is larger than that from the latter one. Two modes of corrosion can slightly soften or plasticize the bar surfacelayer due to the increased vacancy clusters, but the contribution of this softening or plasticizing itself to the further softeningduring ECD is very limited, and the further softening should be mainly attributed to the relaxation of dislocations throughabsorbing the vacancy clusters and the resulted weakening of work hardening. The current applied during the electrochemicalcorrosion can promote more vacancy clusters to form in a deeper region beneath the bar surface, and thus the relaxingdegree for the dislocations and the influence region are larger than those from the chemical corrosion respectively, resultingin the greater softening.
Yin, Q.Q.,Chang, J.,Zuo, R.Y.,Chen, L.Y.,Chen, Q.X.,Wei, X.Y.,Guan, Q.F.,Sun, J.W.,Zheng, Q.H.,Yang, X.,Ren, G.Z. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2010 Animal Bioscience Vol.23 No.2
In order to improve the availability of phytase and probiotics together, a phytase gene from Aspergillus ficuum has been expressed in Lactobacillus. In this study, the transformed Lactobacillus with phytase gene was fed to pigs to determine its effect on pig production, feed conversion and gut microbes. Forty eight, 60-day-old, castrated pigs (Duroc${\times}$Landrace${\times}$Pietrain) were assigned to 6 groups, 8 pigs for each group. Group 1 was the control, group 2 was added with chlortetracycline (500 mg/kg), group 3 was added with the transformed Lactobacillus (500 mg/kg) with 20% (w/w) of calcium monohydrogen phosphate (CMP, $CaHPO_{4}$) removed, group 4 was added with the natural Lactobacillus (500 mg/kg) with 20% (w/w) of CMP removed, group 5 was added with the transformed Lactobacillus (500 mg/kg) with 40% (w/w) of CMP removed, group 6 was added with phytase (500 mg/kg) with 40% (w/w) of CMP removed. The results showed: i) the average daily gain (ADG) was improved in groups 2, 3 and 4 (p<0.05); ii) the diarrhea rates in the groups added with Lactobacillus were lower than in the other groups (p<0.05), in which the transformed Lactobacillus had more effect on reducing digestive disease; iii) the transformed Lactobacillus was most effective in improving the digestibilities of crude protein (CP), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), compared with the other groups (p<0.05); iv) Lactobacillus could increase lactic acid bacterium number and ammonia concentrations, and decrease pH values and E. coli number in pig feces (p<0.05); v) the phytase activity in the feces of pigs fed with the transformed Lactobacillus was 133.32 U/g, which was higher than in group 4 (9.58 U/g, p<0.05), and was almost the same as group 6 (135.94 U/g); vi) the transformed Lactobacillus could increase serum concentrations of IgA, triglyceride, and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase activity (p<0.05), and had no significant effect on other serum indexes (p>0.05).
THE FIXED POINT INDEX FOR ACCRETIVE MAPPINGS WITH K-SET CONTRACTION PERTURBATIONS IN CONES
Chen, Y.Q.,Ha, K.S.,Cho, Y.J. Korean Mathematical Society 1997 대한수학회지 Vol.34 No.1
The fixed point index plays an important role in solving the positive solutions of nonlinear equations in ordered Banach spaces ([7], [10], [11], [14], [15]). Many authors have studied the existence problems of positive solutions of nonlinear equations for nonlinear mappings ([1]-[5], [7], [9], [10], [14], [15]).
Proton Shell Evolution below Sn132 : First Measurement of Low-Lying β -Emitting Isomers in Ag123,125
Chen, Z. Q.,Li, Z. H.,Hua, H.,Watanabe, H.,Yuan, C. X.,Zhang, S. Q.,Lorusso, G.,Nishimura, S.,Baba, H.,Browne, F.,Benzoni, G.,Chae, K. Y.,Crespi, F. C. L.,Doornenbal, P.,Fukuda, N.,Gey, G.,Gernhä American Physical Society 2019 Physical Review Letters Vol.122 No.21
Chen, C. M.,Wang, J. L.,Kim, J. B.,Wang, Q. H.,Wang, J.,Yoza, B. A.,Li, Q. X. Springer Science + Business Media 2016 Petroleum science Vol.13 No.3
<P>There is a great interest in developing cost-efficient nutrients to stimulate microorganisms in indigenous microbial enhanced oil recovery (IMEOR) processes. In the present study, the potential of rice bran as a carbon source for promoting IMEOR was investigated on a laboratory scale. The co-applications of rice bran, K2HPO4 and urea under optimized bio-stimulation conditions significantly increased the production of gases, acids and emulsifiers. The structure and diversity of microbial community greatly changed during the IMEOR process, in which Clostridium sp., Acidobacteria sp., Bacillus sp., and Pseudomonas sp. were dominant. Pressurization, acidification and emulsification due to microbial activities and interactions markedly improved the IMEOR processes. This study indicated that rice bran is a potential carbon source for IMEOR.</P>
Seed development and hydroxy fatty acid biosynthesis in <i>Physaria lindheimeri</i>
Chen, Grace Q.,Riiff, Timothy J.,Johnson, Kumiko,Morales, Eva,Kim, Hyun Uk,Lee, Kyeong-Ryeol,Lin, Jiann-Tsyh ELSEVIER 2017 INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS Vol. No.
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Hydroxy fatty acids (HFAs) are valuable industrial raw materials used in many industries. <I>Physaria lindheimeri</I> accumulates over 80% HFA, in the form of lesquerolic acid (20:1OH), in its seed oil. Understanding the seed development of <I>Physaria lindheimeri</I> is an important step to utilizing this unique wild species as a genetic source of HFAs biosynthesis. The changes of seed growth, lipid accumulation and fatty acid composition during seed development of <I>P. lindheimeri</I> were examined from 14days after pollination (DAP) to desiccation (56 DAP). The seed development could be divided into three periods. During the early period (14 and 21 DAP), seed rapidly increased in size and fresh weight. In mid-maturation period (28, 35, and 42 DAP), lipids and dry weights accumulated steadily. When seeds developed to late-maturation/desiccation stages (49 and 56 DAP), fresh weight dropped significantly due to water loss, and the dry weight and lipid accumulation reached their maximums. Seed color remained green up to 42 DAP and turned to orange-brown at 49 and 56 DAP. The major fatty acid 20:1OH started accumulation when seeds developed into mid-maturation stage (28 DAP) and the accumulation continued thereafter up to 56 DAP, eventually reaching up to 77% of the total seed oil. The HFA accumulation indicates embryonic storage tissue formation, thus 28 DAP defines a critical time point for seed development entering reserve synthesis and accumulation. The information and knowledge obtained from this study are essential to the success of HFA production using metabolic pathway engineering approaches in commodity oilseed crops.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Three distinct seed developmental periods of <I>Physaria lindheimeri</I> have been established. </LI> <LI> A starting time point of embryo development of <I>P. lindheimeri</I> has been identified. </LI> <LI> This research provides a framework for future seed developmental studies in <I>P. lindheimeri</I>. </LI> </UL> </P>
MR damping system for mitigating wind-rain induced vibration on Dongting Lake Cable-Stayed Bridge
Chen, Z.Q.,Wang, X.Y.,Ko, J.M.,Ni, Y.Q.,Spencer, B.F.,Yang, G.,Hu, J.H. Techno-Press 2004 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.7 No.5
The Dongting Lake Bridge is a cable-stayed bridge crossing the Dongting Lake where it meets the Yangtze River in southern central China. Several intensive wind-rain induced vibrations had been observed since its open to traffic in 1999. To investigate the possibility of using MR damping systems to reduce cable vibration, a series of field tests were conducted. Based on the promising research results, MR damping system was installed on the longest 156 stay cables of Dongting Lake Bridge in June 2002, making it the worlds first application of MR dampers on cable-stayed bridge to suppress the wind-rain induced cable vibration. As a visible and permanent aspect of the bridge, the MR damping system must be aesthetically pleasing, reliable, durable, easy to maintain, as well as effective in vibration mitigation. Substantial work was done to meet these requirements. This paper describes field tests and the implementation of MR damping systems for cable vibration reduction. Three-years reliable service of this system proves its durability.
Using link-preserving imputation for logistic partially linear models with missing covariates
Chen, Q.,Paik, M.C.,Kim, M.,Wang, C. North-Holland Pub. Co ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2016 Computational statistics & data analysis Vol.101 No.-
<P>To handle missing data one needs to specify auxiliary models such as the probability of observation or imputation model. Doubly robust (DR) method uses both auxiliary models and produces consistent estimation when either of the model is correctly specified. While the DR method in estimating equation approaches could be easy to implement in the case of missing outcomes, it is computationally cumbersome in the case of missing covariates especially in the context of semiparametric regression models. In this paper, we propose a new kernel-assisted estimating equation method for logistic partially linear models with missing covariates. We replace the conditional expectation in the DR estimating function with an unbiased estimating function constructed using the conditional mean of the outcome given the observed data, and impute the missing covariates using the so called link-preserving imputation models to simplify the estimation. The proposed method is valid when the response model is correctly specified and is more efficient than the kernel-assisted inverse probability weighting estimator by Liang (2008). The proposed estimator is consistent and asymptotically normal. We evaluate the finite sample performance in terms of efficiency and robustness, and illustrate the application of the proposed method to the health insurance data using the 2011-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, in which data were collected in two phases and some covariates were partially missing in the second phase. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>