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Neuroprotective Effects of N-Acetyldopamine Dimers from Cicadidae Periostracum
Punam Thapa,Nikita Katila,최혁재,한아름,최동영,남주원 한국생약학회 2021 Natural Product Sciences Vol.27 No.3
The chemical investigation of the 90% EtOH extract from Cicadidae Periostracum led to the isolation and identification of seven known N-acetyldopamine dimers (1-7). These compounds were identified by comparing mass spectrometry data and NMR spectroscopic data with those previously reported. In this study, complete interpretation of 1D and 2D NMR data of 1 and 2 were reported for the first time. In addition, compounds 3 and 4 were isolated from this material for the first time. All isolates were obtained as racemic mixtures, as confirmed by chiral HPLC. Furthermore, we evaluated the neuroprotective activities of compounds 1–7 and found that compounds 1, 5, and 6 significantly attenuated rotenone-induced death of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells at a concentration of 100 mM. Parallel to this result, compounds 3 and 6 displayed antioxidant effects in the cytoplasm, as determined by CM-H2DCFDA fluorescence intensity, while compounds 1 and 5 showed antioxidant effects in the mitochondria, as assessed by MitoSox fluorescence intensity. Overall, these results suggest that some of these compounds protect neuroblastoma cells by ameliorating the release of reactive oxygen species. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms by which these compounds exhibit antioxidant and neuroprotective actions.
Exploring the impact of political changes in the lives of tribal and minority communities in Nepal
Punam Pathak 한국사회과교육학회 2024 시민교육연구 Vol.56 No.1
The concept of "First people" refers to indigenous communities that are the original inhabitants of a region, distinct from later settlers or colonizers. Conversely, minority groups coexist with dominant ones but experience subordination. Nepal, a country distinguished by a diversity of ethnic, linguistic, and cultural characteristics. While Nepal has made vows to diversity, there is still a disconnect between representation and participation in governmental structures, which disenfranchises indigenous and ethnic minorities. This study explores the socio-economic and socio-political status of tribal and indigenous commentaries due to political changes in Nepal. This research scrutinize the difficulties experienced by indigenous communities, notably the adivasi janajati who make up a sizeable portion of the population yet are still marginalised. The indigenous people' movement, founded in struggle against oppression and injustice, is shaped by the historical background that spans Nepal's unification process to the present. The movement has made progress, but a number of problems still exist. This study adds the global discourse on human rights, cultural diversity, sustainable development and collaborative research. This research could be reference to indigenous communities themselves, along with policymakers, NGOs, international organizations, researchers, and the general public, fostering positive change and promoting justice in Nepal and beyond.
Interaction of terbinafine hydrochloride with nicotinamide in solution and solid state
Amit Kumar Aggarwal,Punam Jindal 한국약제학회 2014 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.44 No.1
The aim of present study was to study the interactionof terbinafine hydrochloride with nicotinamide insolution as well as solid state. Solid dispersions of terbinafinehydrochloride were prepared by fusion method using nicotinamideas carrier in different ratios. Phase solubility studieswere carried out at three different temperatures and thermodynamicparameters like enthalpy change (DH), entropychange (DS) and free energy change (DG) were calculated. These formulations were further characterized in the solidstate by differential scanning calorimetry, powder X-raydiffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Solubility and dissolution studies showed that nicotinamideincreases the solubility and dissolution rate of terbinafinehydrochloride. Thermodynamic parameters and solid statestudies confirmed the absence of any chemical interactionsbetween terbinafine hydrochloride and nicotinamide. It isconcluded that the mechanism for increase in solubility ofterbinafine hydrochloride by nicotinamide is the waterbreaking properties of nicotinamide.
Cotyledonoid dissecting leiomyoma: an uncommon form of a common disease
Iffat Jamal,Rakesh Kumar Gupta,Ranwir Kumar Sinha,Punam Prasad Bhadani 대한산부인과학회 2019 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.62 No.5
Leiomyomas are benign uterine smooth muscle neoplasms with varied morphology that are well known to undergosecondary changes. Cotyledonoid dissecting leiomyoma is a rare and distinct form of leiomyoma that poses adiagnostic challenge for clinicians, radiologists, and pathologists and can be confused with malignant uterineneoplasms. Only a few cases have been reported so far in the literature. Here we report a case of a cotyledonoiddissecting leiomyoma in a 60-year-old woman, emphasize its gross and histological features, and provide a review ofthe literature.
CUMMINGS, JENNIFER E.,BARRETT, CONOR D.,LITWAK, KENNETH N.,DI BIASE, LUIGI,CHOWDHURY, PUNAM,OH, SEIL,CHING, CHI KEONG,SALIBA, WALID I.,SCHWEIKERT, ROBERT A.,BURKHARDT, J. DAVID,DE MARCO, SHARI,ARMAGAN Blackwell Publishing Inc 2008 Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology Vol.19 No.6
<P><I>Introduction:</I> Evaluation of luminal temperature during left atrial ablation is used clinically; however, luminal temperature does not necessarily reflect temperature within the esophageal wall and poses a risk of atrioesophageal fistula. This animal study evaluates luminal esophageal temperature and its relation to the temperature of the external esophageal tissue during left atrial lesions using the 8 mm solid tip and the open irrigated tip catheters (OIC).</P><P><I>Methods and Results:</I> A thermocouple was secured to the external surface of the esophagus at the level of the left atrium of the dogs. Luminal esophageal temperature was measured using a standard temperature probe. In four randomized dogs, lesions were placed using an 8 mm solid tip ablation catheter. In six randomized dogs, lesions were placed using the 3.5 mm OIC. The average peak esophageal tissue temperature when using the OIC was significantly higher than that of the 8 mm tip catheter (88.6°C ± 15.0°C vs. 62.3°C ± 12.5°C, P < 0.05). Both OIC and 8 mm tip catheter had significantly higher peak tissue temperatures than luminal temperatures (OIC: 88.6°C ± 15.0°C vs 39.7°C ± 0.82°C, P < 0.05) (8 mm: 62.3°C ± 12.5°C vs 39.0 ± 0.5°C, P < 0.05). Both catheters achieved peak temperatures faster in the tissue as compared to the lumen of the esophagus, although the tissue temperature peaked significantly faster for the OIC (OIC: 25 seconds vs 90 seconds, P < 0.05) (8 mm: 63 seconds vs 105 seconds, P < 0.05).</P><P><I>Conclusion:</I> Despite the significant difference in actual tissue temperatures, no significant difference was observed in luminal temperatures between the OIC and 8 mm tip catheter.</P>