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- 저자 : Podolsky, Daniel (검색결과 5 건)
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Candidate genes and growth curves for adiposity in African- and European-American youth
Podolsky, R H,Barbeau, P,Kang, H-S,Zhu, H,Treiber, F A,Snieder, H Nature Publishing Group 2007 International Journal of Obesity Vol.31 No.10
Objective:Obesity is associated with multiple health problems and often originates in childhood. This study investigated the association of genes with the development of general and central obesity from childhood into adulthood.Design:Individual growth curves for measures of general adiposity were examined in an 11-year (1987–1998) cohort study. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 11 candidate genes were genotyped.Subjects:Five hundred and twenty-six subjects classified by race (49% African American (AA)), sex (47% male) and socio-economic status (SES).Results:AA female carriers of the 27Glu allele in the ADRB2 gene had a larger waist circumference (P<0.05). Subjects of high SES with the ApoB 4145Lys allele had a larger mean waist circumference than those without this allele (P<0.05). Only in the presence of an adverse environment (low SES) did carriers of the NOS3 298Asp allele have a larger mean body mass index, waist circumference and sum of skinfolds (P<0.05).Conclusion:These results suggest that several polymorphisms are associated with the mean level of adiposity, with the effects depending on other factors such as race, sex and/or SES.International Journal of Obesity (2007) 31, 1491–1499; doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0803673; published online 10 July 2007
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Halperin-Saslow modes as the origin of the low-temperature anomaly inNiGa2S4
Podolsky, Daniel,Kim, Yong Baek American Physical Society 2009 Physical review. B, Condensed matter and materials Vol.79 No.14
<P>The absence of magnetic long-range order in the triangular lattice spin-1 antiferromagnet NiGa2S4 [S. Nakatsuji Science 309, 1697 (2005)] has prompted the search for a novel quantum ground state. In particular, several experiments suggest the presence of a linearly dispersing mode despite no long-range magnetic order. We show that the anomalous low-temperature properties of NiGa2S4 can naturally be explained by the formulation developed by Halperin and Saslow [Phys. Rev. B 16, 2154 (1977)] where the linearly dispersing Halperin-Saslow mode may exist in the background of frozen spin moments and zero net magnetization. We provide consistency checks on the existing experimental data and suggest future experiments that can further confirm the existence of the Halperin-Saslow mode. Our results place important constraints on any microscopic theory of this material.</P>
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Podolsky, Maxim D,Barchuk, Anton A,Kuznetcov, Vladimir I,Gusarova, Natalia F,Gaidukov, Vadim S,Tarakanov, Segrey A Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.2
Background: Lung cancer remains one of the most common cancers in the world, both in terms of new cases (about 13% of total per year) and deaths (nearly one cancer death in five), because of the high case fatality. Errors in lung cancer type or malignant growth determination lead to degraded treatment efficacy, because anticancer strategy depends on tumor morphology. Materials and Methods: We have made an attempt to evaluate effectiveness of machine learning algorithms in the task of lung cancer classification based on gene expression levels. We processed four publicly available data sets. The Dana-Farber Cancer Institute data set contains 203 samples and the task was to classify four cancer types and sound tissue samples. With the University of Michigan data set of 96 samples, the task was to execute a binary classification of adenocarcinoma and non-neoplastic tissues. The University of Toronto data set contains 39 samples and the task was to detect recurrence, while with the Brigham and Women's Hospital data set of 181 samples it was to make a binary classification of malignant pleural mesothelioma and adenocarcinoma. We used the k-nearest neighbor algorithm (k=1, k=5, k=10), naive Bayes classifier with assumption of both a normal distribution of attributes and a distribution through histograms, support vector machine and C4.5 decision tree. Effectiveness of machine learning algorithms was evaluated with the Matthews correlation coefficient. Results: The support vector machine method showed best results among data sets from the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital. All algorithms with the exception of the C4.5 decision tree showed maximum potential effectiveness in the University of Michigan data set. However, the C4.5 decision tree showed best results for the University of Toronto data set. Conclusions: Machine learning algorithms can be used for lung cancer morphology classification and similar tasks based on gene expression level evaluation.
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L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesia in a Genetic Drosophila Model of Parkinson’s Disease
Joshua A. Blosser,Eric Podolsky,이대우 한국뇌신경과학회 2020 Experimental Neurobiology Vol.29 No.4
Motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease (PD) are directly related to the reduction of a neurotransmitter dopamine. Therefore, its precursor L- DOPA became the gold standard for PD treatment. However, chronic use of L-DOPA causes uncontrollable, involuntary movements, called L- DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) in the majority of PD patients. LID is complicated and very difficult to manage. Current rodent and non-human primate models have been developed to study LID mainly using neurotoxins. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a LID animal model with defects in genetic factors causing PD in order to study the relation between LID and PD genes such as α-synuclein. In this study, we first showed that a low concentration of L-DOPA (100 μM) rescues locomotion defects (i.e., speed, angular velocity, pause time) in Drosophila larvae expressing human mutant α-synuclein (A53T). This A53T larval model of PD was used to further examine dyskinetic behaviors. High concentrations of L-DOPA (5 or 10 mM) causes hyperactivity such as body bending behavior (BBB) in A53T larva, which resembles axial dyskinesia in rodents. Using ImageJ plugins and other third party software, dyskinetic BBB has been accurately and efficiently quantified. Further, we showed that a dopamine agonist pramipexole (PRX) partially rescues BBB caused by high L-DOPA. Our Drosophila genetic LID model will provide an important experimental platform to examine molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying LID, to study the role of PD causing genes in the development of LID, and to identify potential targets to slow/reverse LID pathology.
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