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Life cycle of the aquatic firefly Luciola ficta (Coleoptera: Lampyridae)
Jen-Zon Ho,Pi-Hei Chiang,Chia-Hsiung Wu,Ping-Shih Yang 한국응용곤충학회 2010 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.13 No.3
This research is the first to record the complete life history of the aquatic firefly Luciola ficta (Olivier) using a unique individual rearingmethod. Transparent containers (250 ml; height: 6 cm; bottom diameter: 8 cm; mouth diameter:9.5 cm) were used to rear individuals fromegg to adult in the laboratory, so that they could be observed throughout thewhole life cycle. Larvae were fed on themeat of thewater snail Cipangopaludina chinensis (Gray). Temperature ranged from18 °C to 30 °C, relative humidity (RH)was 80±5%, and the light:dark (L:D) ratiowas 10:14. Of 80 eggs,35 individuals completed their life cycle under these laboratory conditions in Jiji, Nantou County, Taiwan. The external morphological characteristics of each growing stage were described. Egg hatching rate was 95%. On average, one generation spanned 388.2±25.7 days. The durations of egg, larva, climbing larva, cocoon, and adult stages were 19.1±1.5 days, 328.9±33.2 days, 10.9±7.8 days, 14.7±5.3 days, and 15.7±5.2 days, respectively. The number of larval instars ranged fromfive to seven,with amodal value of six instars for males and seven instars for females. Female larval duration averaged 337.1±31.2 days, whichwas higher than the 307.6±34.1 days of the males. From January to December 2002, adult emergence peaked twice, with themain high peak appearing in April and the second peak occurring in August. The results of indoor rearing and of field investigations in Jiji, Nantou County, suggested that L. ficta is univoltine.Adult body length is negatively correlatedwith larval duration (Pb0.01). The life history traits of L. ficta show plasticity in adult occurrence, egg size, egg duration, larval duration, larval instars, and adult body length. Some variations were discussed in the context of survivorship in field habitats.
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Initial Factors Influencing Duration of Hospital Stay in Adult Patients With Peritonsillar Abscess
Yu-Hsi Liu,Hsing-Hao Su,Yi-Wen Tsai,Yu-Yi Hou,Kuo-Ping Chang,Chao-Chuan Chi,Ming-Yee Lin,Pi-Hsiung Wu 대한이비인후과학회 2017 Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology Vol.10 No.1
Objectives. To review cases of peritonsillar abscess and investigate the initial clinical factors that may influence the duration of hospitalization. To determine the predictive factors of prolonged hospital stay in adult patients with peritonsillar abscess. Methods. Subjects were adults hospitalized with peritonsillar abscess. We retrospectively reviewed 377 medical records from 1990 to 2013 in a tertiary medical center in southern Taiwan. The association between clinical characteristics and the length of hospital stay was analyzed with independent t-test, univariate linear regression and multiple linear regression analysis. Results. The mean duration of hospitalization was 6.2±6.0 days. With univariate linear regression, a prolonged hospital stay was associated with several variables, including female gender, older ages, nonsmoking status, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, band forms in white blood cell (WBC) counts, and lower hemoglobin levels. With multiple linear regression analysis, four independent predictors of hospital stay were noted: years of age (P<0.001), history of diabetes mellitus (P<0.001), ratio of band form WBC (P<0.001), and hemoglobin levels (P<0.001). Conclusion. In adult patients with peritonsillar abscess, older ages, history of diabetes mellitus, band forms in WBC counts and lower hemoglobin levels were independent predictors of longer hospitalization.
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