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강홍윤,Peter Nielsen,장원 大田大學校 環境問題硏究所 1996 환경문제연구소 논문집 Vol.1 No.-
Reliable groundwater modelling is a prerequisite for solving many cibil and environmental engineering problems ranging from water and waste-water management to design of foundations. Field observations of grounwater dynamics in coastal barriers and beaches have revealed that the watertable overheights due to wave action and tidal forcing on the ocean side are sufficient to create a steady drift of salty ground water under narrow coastal barriers and islands. Typically, the difference in ground water level between the ocean side which is exposed to wabes and the landward side which is protected from waves is between 0.5m and 0.9m depending on the wave conditions and the slopes on the two sides. The resulting landward downsloping waterable influences groundwater hydrology in coastal areas. The salinity structure ovserved under the narrow northern Bribie Island showed that the fresh water lens grows thicker towards the mainland side of the barrier and the salt water region is forced deeper. Recently developed theories for groundwater dynemics are presented.
Peter Foged Larsen,Einar Eg Nielsen,Michael Møller Hansen,Tobias Wang,Kristian Meier,Cino Pertoldi,Volker Loeschcke 한국유전학회 2013 Genes & Genomics Vol.35 No.4
Recent genetic analyses of candidate genes and gene expression in marine fishes have provided evidence of local adaptation in response to environmental differences,despite the lack of strong signals of population structure from conventional neutral genetic markers. In this study expression of the haemoglobin alpha and beta subunit genes was studied in reciprocally transplanted European flounder Platichthys flesus from the highly saline North Sea and the brackish Baltic Sea. Clear differences in expression patterns of haemoglobin alpha and beta subunit genes were found among different types of tissue in flounder. In gill tissue a plastic response to salinity treatments was observed with general up-regulation of these genes concomitant with higher salinity. For liver tissue a population specific expression differences was observed with lower expression at simulated non-native compared to native salinities. Finally, for kidney tissue a stress response was observed in one population, with gene up-regulation when North Sea flounders were transplanted to low salinity. This study underlines the importance of tissue specific gene expression and the significance of gene expression for evolution of local adaptation in high gene flow marine fishes.
Molecular-Orientation-Driven Transient Behavior of Semicrystalline Polymeric Mixed Conductors
김지환,Roman Halaksa,김건우,조일영,Peter Anthony Finn,이인호,이종원,김영석,안형주,박성준,Christian Bech Nielsen,윤명한 한국고분자학회 2021 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.46 No.2
Despite the importance of transient behavior in organic mixed ionicelectronic conductors, there are very few studies on material characteristics affecting ion drift and transient responses of corresponding organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs). In this work, we investigated the effect of molecular orientation of a polymeric mixed conductor system with glycol side chains on the transient behavior of OECTs by varying the co-monomer unit (2,2’-bithiophene or phenylene) used in conjunction with a novel 1,4-dithienylphenylene monomer. Two polymers with similar mixed conductivity and electrochemical characteristics except molecular orientation were successfully synthesized. The comprehensive analysis of the OECT characteristics showed that the molecular orientation affects the length of the ion-drift pathway correlated with ion mobility, resulting in different transient behavior in OECT devices.
Targeted disruption of the Cl-/HCO3- exchanger Ae2 results in osteopetrosis in mice.
Josephsen, Kaj,Praetorius, Jeppe,Frische, Sebastian,Gawenis, Lara R,Kwon, Tae-Hwan,Agre, Peter,Nielsen, Søren,Fejerskov, Ole National Academy of Sciences 2009 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.106 No.5
<P>Osteoclasts are multinucleated bone-resorbing cells responsible for constant remodeling of bone tissue and for maintaining calcium homeostasis. The osteoclast creates an enclosed space, a lacuna, between their ruffled border membrane and the mineralized bone. They extrude H(+) and Cl(-) into these lacunae by the combined action of vesicular H(+)-ATPases and ClC-7 exchangers to dissolve the hydroxyapatite of bone matrix. Along with intracellular production of H(+) and HCO(3)(-) by carbonic anhydrase II, the H(+)-ATPases and ClC-7 exchangers seems prerequisite for bone resorption, because genetic disruption of either of these proteins leads to osteopetrosis. We aimed to complete the molecular model for lacunar acidification, hypothesizing that a HCO(3)(-) extruding and Cl(-) loading anion exchange protein (Ae) would be necessary to sustain bone resorption. The Ae proteins can provide both intracellular pH neutrality and serve as cellular entry mechanism for Cl(-) during bone resorption. Immunohistochemistry revealed that Ae2 is exclusively expressed at the contra-lacunar plasma membrane domain of mouse osteoclast. Severe osteopetrosis was encountered in Ae2 knockout (Ae2-/-) mice where the skeletal development was impaired with a higher diffuse radio-density on x-ray examination and the bone marrow cavity was occupied by irregular bone speculae. Furthermore, osteoclasts in Ae2-/- mice were dramatically enlarged and fail to form the normal ruffled border facing the lacunae. Thus, Ae2 is likely to be an essential component of the bone resorption mechanism in osteoclasts.</P>