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A Segmentation Model Combining Local and Global Energy Based on Local Entropy
Zhang Ying,Paul Yanne 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of u- and e- Service, Scienc Vol.9 No.8
Image segmentation based partial differential equation is very popular in image analysis and computer vision. This article presents a geometric active contour model based on local entropy for segmentation. In the proposed method, energy functional item of this model contains local energy and global energy items, and uses local entropy of each point on the contour line to determine the proportion of each kind of energy. The combined method allows the contour for the rapid evolution and convergence to the final edge after iterations. Experiment results on both synthetic and real images demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of this model.
S6K1 controls pancreatic 관 cell size independently of intrauterine growth restriction.
Um, Sung Hee,Sticker-Jantscheff, Melanie,Chau, Gia Cac,Vintersten, Kristina,Mueller, Matthias,Gangloff, Yann-Gael,Adams, Ralf H,Spetz, Jean-Francois,Elghazi, Lynda,Pfluger, Paul T,Pende, Mario,Bernal- American Society for Clinical Investigation 2015 The Journal of clinical investigation Vol.125 No.7
<P>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a worldwide heath problem that is characterized by insulin resistance and the eventual loss of 관 cell function. As recent studies have shown that loss of ribosomal protein (RP) S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) increases systemic insulin sensitivity, S6K1 inhibitors are being pursued as potential agents for improving insulin resistance. Here we found that S6K1 deficiency in mice also leads to decreased 관 cell growth, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and impaired placental development. IUGR is a common complication of human pregnancy that limits the supply of oxygen and nutrients to the developing fetus, leading to diminished embryonic 관 cell growth and the onset of T2DM later in life. However, restoration of placental development and the rescue of IUGR by tetraploid embryo complementation did not restore 관 cell size or insulin levels in S6K1-/- embryos, suggesting that loss of S6K1 leads to an intrinsic 관 cell lesion. Consistent with this hypothesis, reexpression of S6K1 in 관 cells of S6K1-/- mice restored embryonic 관 cell size, insulin levels, glucose tolerance, and RPS6 phosphorylation, without rescuing IUGR. Together, these data suggest that a nutrient-mediated reduction in intrinsic 관 cell S6K1 signaling, rather than IUGR, during fetal development may underlie reduced 관 cell growth and eventual development of T2DM later in life.</P>