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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Papish, Ross Alan (검색결과 2 건)
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The congruence of student and parent views of student learning
Papish, Ross Alan University of Georgia 2000 해외박사(DDOD)
The purpose of this study was to compare the congruence of student and parent views of the importance of specific student learning goals Parents and students rated the importance student learning goals as they were emphasized at the University of Georgia, and then rated the same goals as to how important they ideally should be emphasized as a part of a four year college education. The Student Learning Goals Inventory (SLGI) examines the perceived importance of 40 student learning goals. The goals represent the broad range of learning outcomes that may result as part of a four year undergraduate experience. Each goal was rated on a scale from no importance to very high importance as to how it was perceived to be emphasized. Each respondent then rated the same goal as to how important that goal should have been emphasized thus allowing for a comparison between the perceived real and ideal. The Student Learning Goals Inventory allows for a comparison between parent and student conceptions of what is important in an undergraduate education. The SLGI was administered through postal mail and email to students and parents during the spring of 1999 and fall of 2000 at the University of Georgia. Comparisons were made analyzing statistically significant differences between parents and students, and between demographic groupings. Parents and students placed significantly different levels of importance on 21 of 40 student learning goals. Students placed greater emphasis on a variety of student development goals while parents placed greater emphasis on a mix of student development and academic goals. Significant differences were found for students by gender and class level. Significant differences for parents were found by gender and education level. The analyses of parent and student ratings of student learning goals were also compared to ratings by student affairs professionals and faculty (Papish, 1999). Statistical differences were found between real and ideal goals for students on 38 of the 40 student learning goals, and for parents on 39 learning goals. Significant differences were found by gender, class, and level of education. Few differences were found by generation of college attendance for students. Significant differences were found between parents, students, faculty, and student affairs professionals on 19 of 40 student learning goals. Significant differences between existing goal emphasis and ideal goal emphasis were found for all groups. Results of this study have implications on many levels for colleges and universities. The results may help parents and students better understand what each expects from the undergraduate experience. At the institutional level the results have implications for how public calls for accountability are consistent or inconsistent with the college's aim for undergraduate education. The results provide empirical information representing a snapshot of the mental models of students, parents, student affairs professionals, and faculty regarding undergraduate education and student learning.
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Papish, Elizabeth Tabitha Columbia University 2002 해외박사(DDOD)
We have compared the rate at which a proton is transferred to the hydride ligand of CPW(CO)<sub>2</sub>(PMe<sub>3</sub>)H with the rate at which one is transferred to the metal. Rate constants were obtained by <super>1</super>H NMR for H/D exchange between CPW(CO)<sub>2</sub>(PMe<sub>3</sub>)H and 4-<italic> t</italic>-butyl-<italic>N,N</italic>-dimethylanilinium-<italic>N-d</italic><sub> 1</sub>; an unusual equilibrium isotope effect (EIE) of 0.19 was observed and explained by location of the vibrational normal modes of CPW(CO)<sub> 2</sub>(PMe<sub>3</sub>)H, 4-<italic>t</italic>-butyl-<italic>N,N</italic>-dimethylanilinium, and their deuterated analogs, via IR and Raman spectroscopy. A pK<sub>a</sub> of 5.6(1) in CH<sub>3</sub>CN was determined for CPW(CO)<sub>2</sub>(PMe<sub> 3</sub>)H<sub>2</sub><super>+</super> by IR; the importance of homoconjugate pair interactions in protonation equilibria is illustrated and discussed. The exchange rate data and the rate constant for deprotonation of CPW(CO)<sub> 2</sub>(PMe<sub>3</sub>)H<sub>2</sub><super>+</super> by 4-<italic>t</italic>-butyl-<italic> N,N</italic>-dimethylaniline, combined with the pKa data, provide quantitative evidence that the kinetic site of protonation of CPW(CO)<sub>2</sub>(PMe<sub> 3</sub>)H is the hydride ligand. (η<super>5</super>-C<sub>5</sub>Ph<sub>5</sub>)Cr(CO)<sub>3</sub>• can serve as an effective chain transfer catalyst for the free radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA). The mechanism of chain transfer involves H• 5</sub>Ph<sub>5</sub>)Cr(CO)<sub>3</sub>• (<italic>k</italic><sub>tr </sub>), followed by H• transfer from (η<super>5</super>-C<sub>5 </sub>Ph<sub>5</sub>)Cr(CO)<sub>3</sub>H to MMA to start a new chain (<italic> k</italic><sub>H</sub>). The rates of H• transfer were obtained by 1H NMR for isotopic exchange between (η<super>5</super>-C<sub>5</sub>R<sub> 5</sub>)Cr(CO)<sub>3</sub>H (R = H, Me, or Ph) and MMA-<italic>d</italic><sub> 5</sub> or styrene-<italic>d</italic><sub>8</sub>. The second order <italic> k</italic><sub>H</sub> rate constants at 50°C were about an order of magnitude faster for styrene versus MMA. For MMA, <italic>k</italic><sub>H</sub> is primarily determined by sterics. For styrene, the rates of H• transfer were more uncertain due to hydrogenation and organic radical termination competing with isotopic exchange, and no steric effect was apparent. The rates of chain transfer (<italic>k</italic><sub>tr</sub>) to MMA and styrene were obtained by observing the growth of (η<super>5</super>-C<sub>5</sub>Ph<sub>5</sub>)Cr(CO)<sub> 3</sub>• by UV-Vis. The values of <italic>k</italic><sub>H</sub> and <italic> k</italic><sub>tr</sub> give an indirect measure of the C-H bond strengths in the methyl-isobutyrl and methylbenzyl radicals. We are also exploring the use of chromium hydrides for radical cyclization of dienes and enynes. H• transfer from chromium hydrides to internal double bonds is too slow to lead to cyclization. In contrast, hydrogen atom transfer was observed to external double bonds, but the cyclization rates were too slow.
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