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- 저자 : Om Prakash Gurung (검색결과 1 건)
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Anup Gurung,Om Prakash Gurung,Sang-Eun Oh 강원대학교 환경연구소 2010 Journal of the Environment Vol.7 No.-
Agriculture and animal husbandry are important livelihood strategies for a large proportion of the poor rural households in developing countries. However, in recent years, the process of migration has become a major feature of diversification for many rural societies. This paper explores the triangular relationship among agricultural productivity, pastoralism, and rural out-migration by presenting a case study from the trans-Himalayan regions in Nepal. The general findings of the study revealed that rural out-migration affects the responsibilities and tasks among the rural households significantly. The majority of the households diversify their income sources by involving in labor migration both internally and internationally. However, the massive exodus of people has left its toll on the villages. Substantial proportions of agricultural land were abandoned in Sikles and Tangting that ultimately reduced agricultural output significantly in the villages. In addition, animal husbandry, one of the important livelihood strategies in the village is also on the verge of declining. In Sikles, the numbers of livestock including sheep, goats, buffaloes, and cows/oxen decreased by 81.66%, 77.77%, 88.88%, and 88%, respectively. Similarly, in Tangting also, the numbers of sheep, goats, buffaloes, and cows/oxen decreased by 90%, 96.66%, 91.66%, and 95%, respectively. Nevertheless, from the socio-economic point of view, migration is becoming integral part of life for the villagers yet since remittances usually exceed the expenses for hiring additional workforce for agriculture and pastoralism; most people consider migration is profitable and complementary livelihood strategies in the villages.
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