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Inflammation Enhanced X-irradiation-Induced Colonic Tumorigenesis in the Min mouse
Nojiri, Ayumi,Toyoda, Takeshi,Tanaka, Takuji,Yoshida, Toshimichi,Tatematsu, Masae,Tsukamoto, Tetsuya Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.7
Inflammation is potential risk factor of various human malignancies. Inflammatory bowel syndromes such as ulcerative colitis are well known as risk factors for colon cancer. Here, we examined enhancing effects of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-associated inflammation on X-irradiation induced colonic tumorigenesis in Min and wild-type (WT) mice. Animals were X-irradiated at 1.5 Gy at 5 weeks of age (at 0 experimental week) and 2% DSS in drinking water was administered at 5 or 11 experimental weeks. Mice were sacrificed at 16 weeks and incidence and multiplicity of colonic tumors were assessed. Incidence of colonic tumors in Min mouse was increased from 33.3% to 100% (p<0.05) with X-irradiation alone, whereas no tumors were developed in WT mice. In DSS-treated Min mice, X-irradiation increased the number of colonic tumors. Total number of colonic tumors was increased 1.57 times to $30.7{\pm}3.83$ tumors/mouse with X-irradiation+DSS at 5 weeks comapared to $19.6{\pm}2.9$ in corresponding DSS alone group (p<0.05). When the duration of inflammation was compared, longer period of DSS effect promoted more colonic tumorigenesis. Collectively, we conclude that X-irradiation and DSS-induced inflammation act synergistically for colonic tumorigenesis.
Screening of cosmological constant in non-local gravity
Nojiri, S.,Odintsov, S.D.,Sasaki, M.,Zhang, Y.l. North-Holland Pub. Co 2011 Physics letters: B Vol.696 No.3
We discuss a possible mechanism to screen a cosmological constant in non-local gravity. We find that in a simple model of non-local gravity with the Lagrangian of the form, R+f(@?<SUP>-1</SUP>R)-2Λ where f(X) is a quadratic function of X, there is a flat spacetime solution despite the presence of the cosmological constant Λ. Unfortunately, however, we also find that this solution contains a ghost in general. Then we discuss the condition to avoid a ghost and find that one can avoid it only for a finite range of 'time'. Nevertheless our result suggests the possibility of solving the cosmological constant problem in the context of non-local gravity.
Han, C.,Nojiri, M.M.,Park, M. North-Holland Pub. Co 2016 Physics letters. Section B Vol.760 No.-
Perturbative unitarity conditions have been playing an important role in estimating the energy scale of new physics, including the Higgs mass as the most important example. In this letter, we show that there is a possibility to see the hint of a new physics (top quark partner) indirectly by observing an ''apparent'' unitarity violation in the distribution of invariant mass of b-jet and W-boson (M<SUB>bw</SUB>) well above the mass of a top quark in a process of a heavy resonance decaying into a pair of top quarks.
Determination of BVOCs based on high time-resolved measurements in urban and forest areas in Japan
Yujiro Ichikawa,Kiyoshi Nojiri,Kouki Sasaka 한국대기환경학회 2023 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.17 No.1
Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) with high photochemical activity and short atmospheric lifetimes are major contributors to tropospheric ozone and other photochemical air pollution. Although several studies have been conducted on BVOC emissions in Japan, no comprehensive observations have been made to determine the actual state of BVOCs in the atmosphere. Therefore, we conducted time-resolved measurements of atmospheric BVOCs in urban and forested areas throughout the year. The concentrations of BVOCs were higher in summer than in the other seasons. Isoprene concentrations were higher during hours with higher temperatures and solar radiation. However, there were also months and times of the year when monoterpenes showed high concentrations, which indicates that the behavior of the BVOC components differed depending on the time of the year. The results of the propylene equivalent concentration indicated that BVOCs considerably contributed to tropospheric ozone production. The year-long observations of BVOCs in this study contribute to our understanding of the actual status of atmospheric BVOC concentrations and components and the uncertainty in the calculation results of chemical transport models.
STUDY ON X-RAYS AND NEUTRONS LEAKED FROM A 45 MeV ELECTRON LINAC FACILITY
Sawamura, Sadashi,Kitaichi, Masatoshi,Nojiri, Ichiro,Yamada, Takuma,Kaneko, Junichi,Sawamura, Teruko Korean Association for Radiation Protection 2001 방사선방어학회지 Vol.26 No.3
Spatial and time distributions of x-rays and neutrons from Hokkaido University 45 MeV electron linac facility were measured and compared with the calculation. In the calculation, x-rays in a Pb-target were evaluated using the EGS-code. The x-rays and the neutrons from the target to the facility building boundary and skyshine process outside the facility building were simulated with the EGS and the MCNP respectively.