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Simplified Assistive Devices for Upper Limbs
Ryoichi Suzuki,Nobuaki Fujiki,Shigehiko Furuya,Eidai Ito,Nobuaki Kobayashi,Eberhard P. Hofer 제어로봇시스템학회 2015 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.10
The purpose of this research is to develop an assistive device for upper limbs. The disturbance estimation property of the internal model control is applied to detect motion intention of users. The experimental prototype of the assistive device for upper limbs is developed to evaluate the proposed control method. Effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by experiments. The experimental results include also that muscular activities occur in several muscles using surface electromyography. The proposed device is expected to maintain residual function of upper limbs.
Tonna Ryutaro,Sasaki Takayuki,Kodama Yuji,Kobayashi Taishi,Akiyama Daisuke,Kirishima Akira,Sato Nobuaki,Kumagai Yuta,Kusaka Ryoji,Watanabe Masayuki 한국원자력학회 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.4
Simulated debris was synthesized using UO2, Zr, and stainless steel and a heat treatment method under inert or oxidizing conditions. The primary U solid phase of the debris synthesized at 1473 K under inert conditions was UO2, whereas a (U, Zr)O2 solid solution formed at 1873 K. Under oxidizing conditions, a mixture of U3O8 and (Fe, Cr)UO4 phases formed at 1473 K, whereas a (U, Zr)O2+x solid solution formed at 1873 K. The leaching behavior of the fission products from the simulated debris was evaluated using two methods: the irradiation method, for which fission products were produced via neutron irradiation, and the doping method, for which trace amounts of non-radioactive elements were doped into the debris. The dissolution behavior of U depended on the properties of the debris and aqueous solution for immersion. Cs, Sr, and Ba leached out regardless of the primary solid phases. The leaching of high-valence Eu and Ru ions was suppressed, possibly owing to their solid-solution reaction with or incorporation into the uranium compounds of the simulated debris.
Inhaled Corticosteroid and Secondary Glaucoma: A Meta-analysis of 18 Studies
Ishii Mai,Horita Nobuyuki,Takeuchi Masaki,Matsumoto Hiromi,Ebina-Shibuya Risa,Hara Yu,Kobayashi Nobuaki,Mizuki Nobuhisa,Kaneko Takeshi 대한천식알레르기학회 2021 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.13 No.3
Purpose Guidelines and systematic reviews frequently warn of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)-induced glaucoma. However, most of the published studies deny it. Methods We performed a systematic review of randomized, cohort, nested-case control, cross-sectional studies by using Meta-analyses of Observational Studies in Epidemiology statement. Four major databases, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Search Manager, and the Web of Science Core Collection as well as meta-analysis were used. Studies comparing incidence, prevalence and intraocular pressure (IOP) between patients who were treated with and without ICSs were included. A random-model meta-analysis was performed using the inverse variance method. Results Out of 623 studies screened, 18 with 31,665 subjects were finally included. No significant difference between the 2 groups was observed for crude glaucoma incidence (odds ratio [OR], 0.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.86–1.04; P = 0.26; I 2 = 0%; P for heterogeneity = 0.57) as a primary endpoint, adjusted glaucoma incidence (OR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.65–1.24; P = 0.64), crude prevalence (OR, 1.82; 95% CI, 0.23–14.19; P = 0.57), adjusted prevalence (OR, 1.22; 95% CI, 0.50–2.96; P = 0.66), IOP change during ICS treatment (mean difference [MD] +0.01 mmHg; 95% CI, −0.19–0.20; P = 0.95), and single measurement IOP (MD +0.37 mmHg; 95% CI, −0.24–0.97; P = 0.23). Time-to-event analysis for glaucoma development as one of the secondary endpoints (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.28–0.96) suggested a reverse association between ICS and glaucoma. Conclusions The ophthalmological side effects of ICSs, such as glaucoma and intraocular hypertension, should not be exaggerated.