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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Niedermayerova, Petra (검색결과 1 건)
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Three Essays on the Effects of Regulation on Crime and Social Norms
Niedermayerova, Petra Boston University ProQuest Dissertations & Theses 2020 해외박사(DDOD)
This dissertation examines the impact that public policy and private services have on crime and social norms. In the first two chapters, I evaluate the effect of late night transportation options on the incidence of crime. Chapter 1 studies a temporary late night public transportation program in the city of Boston. Using public transit ridership information, I provide evidence of both direct and behavioral effects of the program on late night ridership. While I find that the launch of late night service did not alter the occurrence of crime, I show that its termination led to a significant decline in violent crime. The asymmetric effect is likely due to the presence of a ride-sharing platform when the program was terminated, but not when it was launched. With the spatial information included in the crime data, I further confirm that the effect was concentrated in Boston's nightlife areas. Overall, my results indicate a shift from public transportation to ride-sharing services that reduce the risk of violent encounters. In Chapter 2, I examine the effect of a ride-sharing service on violent crime in college towns. I use multiple data sources to create a unique college-town crime dataset and ultimately find that the availability of ride-sharing facilitated a decline in simple assault. The findings of both chapters are complementary and suggest, that private provision of safe and affordable transportation is particularly beneficial at night when public transit is insufficient and involves security risks. In Chapter 3, I investigate the effect of a father-specific parental leave policy reform in Quebec, Canada. A simple theoretical framework describes two channels through which the reform may affect gender-specific labor market outcomes. Consistent with the gender-norm channel, I find that the reform led to an increase in the probability of employment for women of all ages. Reduction in younger males' wages serves as evidence of the statistical discrimination channel. The analysis implies that public policy can promote gender equality through its direct effects on fathers, but also through its indirect effects on the opportunities for women in the labor market.
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