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Lee, Jong Gun,Kim, Do-Yeon,Lee, Jong-Hyuk,Kim, Min-woo,An, Seongpil,Jo, Hong Seok,Nervi, Carlo,Al-Deyab, Salem S.,Swihart, Mark T.,Yoon, Sam S. American Chemical Society 2016 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.8 No.24
<P>We demonstrate production of nanotextured p type cupric oxide (CuO) films via a low-cost scalable supersonic cold spray method in open air conditions. Simply sweeping the spray nozzle across a substrate produced a largescale CuO film. When used as hydrogen evolution photocathodes, these films produced photocurrent densities (PCD) of up to 3.1 mA/cm(2) under AM1.5 illumination, without the use of a cocatalyst or any additional heterojunction layers. Cu2O particles were supersonically sprayed onto an indium tin oxide (ITO) coated soda lime glass (SLG) substrate, without any solvent or binder. Annealing in air converted the Cu2O films to CuO, with a corresponding decrease in the bandgap and increase in the fraction of the solar spectrum absorbed. Annealing at 600 degrees C maximized the PCD. Increasing the supersonic gas velocity from-450 to-700 m/s produced denser films with greater surface roughness, in turn producing higher PCD. The nanoscale texture of the films, which resembles the skin of a dinosaur, enhanced their performance, leading to one of the highest PCD values in the literature. We characterized the films by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy to elucidate the origins of their outstanding performance. This supersonic cold spraying deposition has the potential to be used on a commercial scale for low cost mass production.</P>
Mali, Mukund G,Yoon, Hyun,Joshi, Bhavana N,Park, Hyunwoong,Al-Deyab, Salem S,Lim, Dong Chan,Ahn, SeJin,Nervi, Carlo,Yoon, Sam S American Chemical Society 2015 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.7 No.38
<P>A Cu(InGa)Se2 film was modified with CdS/ZnO for application to solar water splitting. Platinum was electrodeposited on the ZnO layer as a hydrogen evolution catalyst. The effects of the electroplating time and acidity level of the electrolyte on the photocurrent density were studied. The highest photocurrent density of -32.5 mA/cm(2) under 1.5 AM illumination was achieved with an electroplating time of 30 min at a pH of 9. This photocurrent density is higher than those reported in previous studies. The markedly high performance of the CIGS/CdS/ZnO photocathode was rationalized in terms of its type II cascade structure that facilitated efficient charge separation at the interface junction.</P>