Individual and Combined Effects of Genes Producing Opposite Effects on Plant Height in Periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus)

Raghavendra Narayanrao Kulkarni,Kuppusamy Baskaran 한국작물학회 2013 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.16 No.2

An extremely tall mutant (EMS 18-12), a bushy mutant (EMS 24-5), their parental variety Nirmal, and their double mutant recombinant were used to study individual and combined effects of genes producing opposite effects on plant height in periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus). Plant height of the extremely tall mutant (EMS 18-12) was controlled by epistatic inhibitory interaction between two independently inherited dominant genes, Et and H; Et producing extremely tall phenotype and H inhibiting Et. Both genes were inherited independently of plant height-reducing recessive gene by in the bushy mutant (EMS 24-5). Individually, genes Et and by increased and reduced plant height at harvest (when plant were 9 months old) by 90 and 25%, respectively, over parental variety. The double mutant recombinant (Etby) was taller than the bushy mutant (EMS 24-5) and variety, Nirmal but shorter than the extremely tall mutant (EMS 18-12) at different stages. At 1 to 7 weeks after germination, its height was 7.4 to 30.0% greater than the mid-parental value but 5.8 to 30.5% shorter than that expected on the basis of individual effects of genes Et or by. At the age of 4 to 9 months, its height was 5.4 to 40.1% greater than the mid-parental value and 5.6 to 44.1% (except at 5 months) greater than that expected on the basis of individual effects of genes Et or by, suggesting age-dependent epistatic interaction between the genes. No interaction effects were observed for leaf and root yields or contents of alkaloids in leaves and roots

Individual and Combined Effects of Genes Producing Opposite Effects on Plant Height in Periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus)

Kulkarni, Raghavendra Narayanrao,Baskaran, Kuppusamy 한국작물학회 2013 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.16 No.2

An extremely tall mutant (EMS 18-12), a bushy mutant (EMS 24-5), their parental variety Nirmal, and their double mutant recombinant were used to study individual and combined effects of genes producing opposite effects on plant height in periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus). Plant height of the extremely tall mutant (EMS 18-12) was controlled by epistatic inhibitory interaction between two independently inherited dominant genes, Et and H; Et producing extremely tall phenotype and H inhibiting Et. Both genes were inherited independently of plant height-reducing recessive gene by in the bushy mutant (EMS 24-5). Individually, genes Et and by increased and reduced plant height at harvest (when plant were 9 months old) by 90 and 25%, respectively, over parental variety. The double mutant recombinant (Etby) was taller than the bushy mutant (EMS 24-5) and variety, Nirmal but shorter than the extremely tall mutant (EMS 18-12) at different stages. At 1 to 7 weeks after germination, its height was 7.4 to 30.0% greater than the mid-parental value but 5.8 to 30.5% shorter than that expected on the basis of individual effects of genes Et or by. At the age of 4 to 9 months, its height was 5.4 to 40.1% greater than the mid-parental value and 5.6 to 44.1% (except at 5 months) greater than that expected on the basis of individual effects of genes Et or by, suggesting age-dependent epistatic interaction between the genes. No interaction effects were observed for leaf and root yields or contents of alkaloids in leaves and roots.

On the value distribution of differential polynomials

Subhas S. Bhoosnurmath,Milind Narayanrao Kulkarni,Kit-Wing Yu 대한수학회 2008 대한수학회보 Vol.45 No.3

In this paper we consider the problem of whether certain homogeneous or non-homogeneous differential polynomials in f(z) necessarily have infinitely many zeros. Particularly, this extends a result of Gopalakrishna and Bhoosnurmath [3, Theorem 2] for a general differential polynomial of degree d (P) and lower degree d (P). In this paper we consider the problem of whether certain homogeneous or non-homogeneous differential polynomials in f(z) necessarily have infinitely many zeros. Particularly, this extends a result of Gopalakrishna and Bhoosnurmath [3, Theorem 2] for a general differential polynomial of degree d (P) and lower degree d (P).

ON THE VALUE DISTRIBUTION OF DIFFERENTIAL POLYNOMIALS

Bhoosnurmath, Subhas S.,Kulkarni, Milind Narayanrao,Yu, Kit-Wing Korean Mathematical Society 2008 대한수학회보 Vol.45 No.3

In this paper we consider the problem of whether certain homogeneous or non-homogeneous differential polynomials in f(z) necessarily have infinitely many zeros. Particularly, this extends a result of Gopalakrishna and Bhoosnurmath [3, Theorem 2] for a general differential polynomial of degree $\bar{d}$(P) and lower degree $\underline{d}$(P).

Evaluation of Somaclonal Variation for Genetic Improvement of Patchouli (Pogostemon patchouli), an Exclusively Vegetatively Propagated Aromatic Plant

Nagawara Seshagirirao Ravindra,Srinivas Iyer Ramesh,Mahesh Kumar Gupta,Tripta Jhang,Ashutosh Kumar Shukla,Mahendra Pandurang Darokar,Raghavendra Narayanrao Kulkarni 한국작물학회 2012 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.15 No.1

Patchouli (Pogostemon patchouli) is an important, exclusively vegetatively propagated aromatic plant, whose essential oil is wide-ly used in perfumery and cosmetic products. Forty SC 1 generation (first generation following in vitro phase) somaclones selected ran-domly from about 400 somaclones developed from the variety Johore, were multiplied through stem cuttings and evaluated in SC 2and SC 3 generations to study the extent of somaclonal variation generated for plant height, herb yield, essential oil content, essential oil yield, and seven constituents of the essential oil. Significant or highly significant somaclonal variation was observed for plant height, herb yield, essential oil content, essential oil yield, and contents of patchouli alcohol, α-guaiene, α,δ-patchoulene, and α-bul-nesene in the essential oil. The number of somaclones significantly superior to the parental variety for plant height, herb yield, essen-tial oil content, and patchouli alcohol content in the essential oil ranged from 8 - 16 and the maximum superiority over the parental variety for these traits ranged from 21 - 79%. Broad-sense heritability estimates of plant height, herb yield, and essential oil content were 0.60 - 0.70 while those of essential oil yield and patchouli alcohol content were 0.44 and 0.47, respectively. Heritability esti-mates of other studied essential oil constituents were generally low (0.12 - 0.38). A high positive correlation was observed between essential oil yield and herb yield suggesting that selection for herb yield would be effective in improving essential oil yield. Patchouli alcohol content in the essential oil was negatively correlated with all the studied traits. Somaclonal variation, heritabilities of traits,and inter-trait correlations are reported for the first time in patchouli.

Evaluation of Somaclonal Variation for Genetic Improvement of Patchouli ($Pogostemon$ $patchouli$), an Exclusively Vegetatively Propagated Aromatic Plant

Ravindra, Nagawara Seshagirirao,Ramesh, Srinivas Iyer,Gupta, Mahesh Kumar,Jhang, Tripta,Shukla, Ashutosh Kumar,Darokar, Mahendra Pandurang,Kulkarni, Raghavendra Narayanrao 한국작물학회 2012 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.15 No.1

Patchouli ($Pogostemon$ $patchouli$) is an important, exclusively vegetatively propagated aromatic plant, whose essential oil is widely used in perfumery and cosmetic products. Forty $SC_1$ generation (first generation following $in$ $vitro$ phase) somaclones selected randomly from about 400 somaclones developed from the variety Johore, were multiplied through stem cuttings and evaluated in $SC_2$ and $SC_3$ generations to study the extent of somaclonal variation generated for plant height, herb yield, essential oil content, essential oil yield, and seven constituents of the essential oil. Significant or highly significant somaclonal variation was observed for plant height, herb yield, essential oil content, essential oil yield, and contents of patchouli alcohol, ${\alpha}$-guaiene, ${\alpha}$,${\delta}$-patchoulene, and ${\alpha}$-bulnesene in the essential oil. The number of somaclones significantly superior to the parental variety for plant height, herb yield, essential oil content, and patchouli alcohol content in the essential oil ranged from 8 - 16 and the maximum superiority over the parental variety for these traits ranged from 21 - 79%. Broad-sense heritability estimates of plant height, herb yield, and essential oil content were 0.60 - 0.70 while those of essential oil yield and patchouli alcohol content were 0.44 and 0.47, respectively. Heritability estimates of other studied essential oil constituents were generally low (0.12 - 0.38). A high positive correlation was observed between essential oil yield and herb yield suggesting that selection for herb yield would be effective in improving essential oil yield. Patchouli alcohol content in the essential oil was negatively correlated with all the studied traits. Somaclonal variation, heritabilities of traits, and inter-trait correlations are reported for the first time in patchouli.