Photosynthesis and Water-Use Efficiency of Some Mangroves from Sundarbans, India

Nandy, Paramita,Ghose, Monoranjan 한국식물학회 2001 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.44 No.4

We studied seasonal fluctuations in the rates of photosynthesis, transpiration, PAR, and stomatal conductance for 16 species of true mangroves from the Sundarbans region of West Bengal. Soil salinity and pH were also measured. Leaf temperatures were almost always higher than the ambient temperature. We observed considerable seasonal (summer vs winter) as well as interspecific variations in photosynthesis, with the highest rates occurring in Heritiera fomes (13.21μ㏖ m^-2 s^-1) and Avicennia marina (11.8μ㏖ m^-2 s^-1), and the lowest in Nypa fruticans (1.56μ㏖ m^-2 s^-1) and Ceriops decandra (2.32μ㏖ m^-2 s^-1). In many species, an abrupt rise in leaf temperature retarded the photosynthetic process. In winter, the rate of transpiration and stomatal conductance reached their maxima in A. marina (4.83m㏖ m^-2 s^-1 and 124.23 m㏖ m^-2 s^-1, respectively) and their mimima in Excoecaria agallocha (1.85m㏖ m^-2 s^-1 and 49.19m㏖ m^-2 s^-1, respectively). In contrast, the maximum summer readings were recorded in E. agallocha (6.07m㏖ m^-2 s^-1 and 192.74m㏖ m^-2 s^-1 respectively).

Hypofractionated Radiotherapy for Breast Cancers - Preliminary Results from a Tertiary Care Center in Eastern India

Nandi, Moujhuri,Mahata, Anurupa,Mallick, Indranil,Achari, Rimpa,Chatterjee, Sanjoy Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.6

Background: The standard radiotherapy (RT) fractionation practiced in India and worldwide is 50Gy in 25 fractions over 5 weeks to the chest wall or whole breast followed by tumour bed boost in case of breast conservation (BCS). A body of validated data exists regarding hypofractionation in breast cancer. We here report initial results for 135 patients treated at our center with the START-B type of fractionation. Materials and Methods: From May 2011 till July 2012, women with all stages of breast cancer (excluding metastatic), who had undergone BCS or mastectomy were planned for 40Gy in 15 fractions over 3weeks to chest wall/whole breast and supraclavicular fossa (where indicated) followed by tumour bed boost in BCS patients. Planning was done using Casebow's technique. The primary end point was to assess the acute toxicity and the cosmetic outcomes. Using cosmetic scales; patients were assessed during radiotherapy and at subsequent follow up visits with the radiation oncologist. Results: Of the 135 patients, 62 had undergone BCS and 73 mastectomy. Median age of the population was 52 years. Some 80% were T1&T2 tumours in BCS whereas most patients in mastectomy group were T3&T4 tumours (60%). 45% were node negative in BCS group whilst it was 23% in the mastectomy group. Average NPI scores were 3.9 and 4.9, respectively. Most frequently reported histopathology report was infiltrating ductal carcinoma (87%), grade III being most common (58%), and 69% were ER positive tumours, and 30% were Her 2 Neu positive. Triple negative tumours accounted for 13% and their mean age was young (43 yrs.) The maximum acute skin toxicity at the end of treatment was Grade 1 in 94% of the mastectomy grouppatients and 71% in BCS patients. Grade 2 toxicity was 6% in mast group and 23% in BCS group. Grade 3 was 6% in BCS group, no grade 3 toxicity in mastectomy patients and there was no grade 4 skin toxicity in any case. Post RT at 1 month; 39% of BCS patients had persisting Grade I skin reaction which was only 2% in mastectomy patients. At 3 months post RT, 18% patients had persisting hyperpigmentation. At 6 months 8% patients had persisting erythema in the BCS group only. Some 3% BCS and 8% mastectomy patients had lymph edema till the date of evaluation. Cosmetic outcome in BCS patients remained good to excellent 6 months post surgery and radiotherapy. 1 patient of BCS and 3 patients of mast had developed metastatic disease at the time of evaluation. Conclusions: Hypofractionated RT is well tolerated in Indian population with reduced acute skin toxicity and good cosmetic outcome. Regimens such as these should be encouraged in other centers to increase machine output time. The study is on-going to assess long term results.

Audit of Cancer Patients from Eastern Uttar Pradesh (UP), India: A University Hospital Based Two Year Retrospective Analysis

Nandi, Moujhuri,Mandal, Abhijit,Asthana, Anupam Kumar Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.9

Background: A retrospective analysis of all cancer patients attending the radiotherapy outpatient department (OPD) of a single unit during the period of January 2005 till December 2006 was conducted to know the geographical distribution and incidence of the most common cancers, their stage of presentation, treatment compliance among the patients and follow-up. Materials and Methods: A total of 4,484 patients were registered in the Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University during the period of January 2005-December 2006; of which 1,975 registered in an individual unit were included for the retrospective analysis. Results: Most of the patients hailed from the various districts of UP and Bihar. Females outnumbered males with a ratio of 1.33:1. Females mostly belonged to the age group of 40-59 years; whilst males were a decade older. Major cancer sites in females were cervix and breast followed by head and neck. Leading cancer sites in males were head and neck, brain, bone, soft tissue and lung. Most of the cases presented in advanced stage of disease (74%). Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common histopathology (56%). A significant proportion of patients defaulted after undergoing preliminary investigations (16%). Only 53.9% of females and 58.5% of males took treatment out of which 68% and 63% completed the prescribed treatment. Compliance with follow-up was poor. Conclusions: The outcome of this study will significantly help us to define region specific strategies needed for cancer management in eastern Uttar Pradesh.

Logarithmic singularities and quantum oscillations in magnetically doped topological insulators

Nandi, D.,Sodemann, Inti,Shain, K.,Lee, G. H.,Huang, K.-F.,Chang, Cui-Zu,Ou, Yunbo,Lee, S. P.,Ward, J.,Moodera, J. S.,Kim, P.,Yacoby, A. American Physical Society 2018 Physical Review B Vol.97 No.8

<P>We report magnetotransport measurements on magnetically doped (Bi, Sb)(2)Te-3 films grown by molecular beam epitaxy. In Hall bar devices, we observe logarithmic dependence of transport coefficients in temperature and bias voltage which can be understood to arise from electron-electron interaction corrections to the conductivity and self-heating. Submicron scale devices exhibit intriguing quantum oscillations at high magnetic fields with dependence on bias voltage. The observed quantum oscillations can be attributed to bulk and surface transport.</P>

A boiling Experiment on a saturated flow of R-245fa in a 7.8mm horizontal tube

Nandi Sudheer,Donggyu Lee,Chaedong Kang 대한설비공학회 2016 대한설비공학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.6

Flow boiling HFC245fa and heat transfer model for evaporation in Macro- channel

Nandi Sudheer,Donggyu Lee,Chaedong Kang 대한설비공학회 2017 대한설비공학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2017 No.6

An experimental approach has been suggested to implement waste heat recovery for industrial and commercial facility. Waste heat is spotlighted newly by a low heat source at the heat pump cycle of high temperature heat pump (HTHP) system as one of industrial facilities in order to produce steam. In this study, experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of evaporation conditions on the refrigerant, HFC245fa in an evaporator for HTHP. With the HFC 245fa, the experimental device consists with a test section of conventional size channel which is circular copper rod drilled with 7.8mm diameter and 570mm length. In order to investigate the heat transfer under constant heat flux condition the vapor quality and heat transfer rate are calculated from the measured temperature and pressure at the test section. At results, the boiling pattern and supplied heat flux are influenced to the vapor quality in HFC 245fa flow.

Isolation and characterization culturable microbes on the surface of ‘Granny Smith’ apples treated with electrolyzed water during cold storage

Nandi E. Nyamende,Justin W. Hoff,Valmary van Brede,Zinash A. Belay,Ayodeji B. Oyenihi,Oluwafemi James Caleb 한국식품과학회 2022 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.31 No.12

Response of culturable microbes on the surface of apples treated with slightly alkaline electrolyzed water (SAIEW) is largely unexplored. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterize culturable microbes on the surface of SAIEW treated ‘Granny Smith’ apples using conventional and molecular approach. Results showed that SAIEW treatments and storage duration influenced culturable microbes isolated from the surface of ‘Granny Smith’ apples stored at 5 °C for 21 days. Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC-PCR) analysis distinctively identified 27 groups of bacteria from 56 plate isolates. Using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR) typing and RAPD1283 primers, 10 distinct band patterns were identified from 30 fungal isolates. Sequencing of 16S rRNA and intergenic spacer (ITS1 and ITS4) region, identified eight bacteria and four fungi, respectively, to species level. Study showed that SAIEW treatment inhibited growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis, S. capitis, Ochrobactrum soli, and Aspergillus inuii on the surface apples during storage.

Low temperature atomic layer deposited molybdenum nitride-Ni-foam composite: An electrode for efficient charge storage

Nandi, Dip K.,Sahoo, Sumanta,Kim, Tae Hyun,Cheon, Taehoon,Sinha, Soumyadeep,Rahul, Ramesh,Jang, Yujin,Bae, Jong-Seong,Heo, Jaeyeong,Shim, Jae-Jin,Kim, Soo-Hyun Elsevier 2018 Electrochemistry communications Vol.93 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Molybdenum nitride (MoN<SUB>x</SUB>) was directly grown on 3-dimensional Ni-foam (NF) at relatively low temperature of 250 °C by atomic layer deposition (ALD) and then tested as an electrode for charge storage. The successful formation of MoN<SUB>x</SUB>@NF composite was confirmed by several characterization techniques. The scanning and transmission electron microscopy analyses showed the extremely uniform and conformal coating of the MoN<SUB>x</SUB> on NF. The presence of NF influenced the redox-reactions in the composite and established the composite as a potential electrode for efficient charge-storage. High areal capacity (geometrical) of 130 mC/cm<SUP>2</SUP> was achieved at a current density of 2 mA/cm<SUP>2</SUP>. The excellent cyclic stability reflected the conducting nature of the composite.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Low temperature ALD-grown MoN<SUB>x</SUB> on 3D Ni-foam is tested as a charge-storage electrode. </LI> <LI> The uniform and conformal growth of MoN<SUB>x</SUB> on Ni-foam is confirmed. </LI> <LI> High areal capacity (130 mC/cm<SUP>2</SUP>) is achieved with >100% capacity retention. </LI> <LI> The robustness of the MoN<SUB>x</SUB>@Ni-foam composite is revealed by post-cycling analysis. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Characterization and thermophysical properties of Zr_0.8Nd_0.2O_1.9-MgO composite

Nandi, Chiranjit,Kaity, Santu,Jain, Dheeraj,Grover, V.,Prakash, Amrit,Behere, P.G. Korean Nuclear Society 2021 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.53 No.2

The major drawback of zirconia-based materials, in view of their applications as targets for minor actinide transmutation, is their poor thermal conductivity. The addition of MgO, which has high thermal conductivity, to zirconia-based materials is expected to improve their thermal conductivity. On these grounds, the present study aims at phase characterization and thermophysical property evaluation of neodymium-substituted zirconia (Zr_0.8Nd_0.2O_1.9; using Nd₂O₃ as a surrogate for Am₂O₃) and its composites with MgO. The composite was prepared by a solid-state reaction of Zr_0.8Nd_0.2O_1.9 (synthesized by gel combustion) and commercial MgO powders at 1773 K. Phase characterization was carried out by X-ray diffraction and the microstructural investigation was performed using a scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy. The linear thermal expansion coefficient of Zr_0.8Nd_0.2O_1.9 increases upon composite formation with MgO, which is attributed to a higher thermal expansivity of MgO. Similarly, specific heat also increases with the addition of MgO to Zr_0.8Nd_0.2O_1.9. Thermal conductivity was calculated from measured thermal diffusivity, temperature-dependent density and specific heat values. Thermal conductivity of Zr_0.8Nd_0.2O_1.9-MgO (50 wt%) composite is more than that of typical UO₂ fuel, supporting the potential of Zr_0.8Nd_0.2O_1.9-MgO composites as target materials for minor actinides transmutation.

Seasonal Dynamics of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) in Forest Trees of Chittagong University Campus in Bangladesh

Nandi, Rajasree,Mridha, M.A.U.,Bhuiyan, Md. Kalimuddin Institute of Forest Science 2014 Journal of Forest Science Vol.30 No.3

Status of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) colonization in seven tree species (Albizia saman, Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex Benth., Albizia lebbeck, Chickrassia tabularis A. Juss., Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnn., Gmelina arborea (Roxb) DC, Swietenia macrophylla King.) collected from the hilly areas of Chittagong University (CU) was investigated. Roots and rhizosphere soil samples were collected in different seasons (pre-monsoon, monsoon and post monsoon). Percentage of AM colonization in root and number of spores/100 gm dry soil were assessed. The result of the investigation reveals that the intensity and percentage of AM colonization varied in different forest tree species in different seasons. In this study, maximum AM colonization and spore population were found in pre-monsoon and minimum were in monsoon season. The intensity of colonization was maximum in C. tabularis (74.43%) in pre-monsoon, A. lebbeck (69.45%) in monsoon and S. macrophylla (67.8%) in post monsoon seasons and minimum in A. auriculiformis (53.75%) during pre-monsoon, A. saman (24.4%) in monsoon and A. saman (19.36%) in post monsoon. The number of spores found per 100 g dry soil ranged between 164-376 during pre-monsoon, 27-310 during monsoon and 194-299 in post monsoon season. Out of six recognized genera of AM fungi, Glomus, Sclerocystis, Entrophospora, Scutellospora, Acaulospora and other unidentified spores were observed.