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김연웅,이용근,김광만,김경남,조리라,정경호 大韓齒科器材學會 2003 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.30 No.1
Gypsum products have potential contamination by infectious human pathogens, which could be transmitted from patient to the gypsum model via impression materials. Therefore disinfection and sterilization of gypsum products are recommended. Steam sterilization: namely autoclaving is widely available in dentistry. The aim of this study was to investigate degradation of mechanical properties for dental gypsum after steam sterilization. The effect of autoclaving on compressive strength, weight loss and dimensional accuracy of specimens of commercial die stone such as Crystal Rock(CR : Maruishi), Die Keen(DK : Columbus Dental), Resin Rock(RR : Whip Mix), Tuff Rock(TR : Talladium) were estimated, and experimental gypsums{(EP) : 0.5wt% accelerator, 0.02wt% retarder, 0.1wt% surface agent, 0.1wt% Poly Vinyl Acetate} were also measured the above properties after autoclaving. For each group, five cylindrical(6㎜ in diameter and 12㎜ long) specimens made with manufactures water:powder ratio. All specimens were dried in oven until reaching the constant mass. After dried, they were autoclaved at 121℃ for 20 minute, dried again. Compressive strength was measured before and after autoclaving using mechanical testing machine at a cross-head speed of 0.5㎜/min. The dimensional accuracy was estimated by length change of specimens with digital caliper before and after autoclaving. For statistical analysis, ANOVA Tukeys Studentized Range(HSD) test and T test were used. Compressive strength and weight were decreased in all samples after autoclaving. There is significant difference between CR, DK and RR, TR in after autoclaving(p<0.05). EP exhibited the highest compressive strength after autoclaving. The weight was significantly decreased in all group except RR after autoclaving(p<0.05). The dimensional accuracy was not significantly increased in all group except CR. As this result, we found that resin-containing dental stone is more appropriate for autoclaving in dentistry.
Ra, Nam-Yong,Sung, Ha-Cheol,Cheong, SeoKwan,Lee, Jung-Hyun,Eom, Junho Zoological Society of Japan 2008 Zoological science Vol.25 No.9
Because of their complex life styles, amphibians and reptiles living in wetlands require both aquatic and terrestrial buffer zones in their protected conservation areas. Due to steep declines in wild populations, the gold-spotted pond frog (Rana chosenica) is listed as vulnerable by the IUCN. However, lack of data about its movements and use of habitat prevents effective conservation planning. To determine the habitat use and home range of this species, we radio-tracked 44 adult frogs for 37 days between 10 July and 4 Nov. 2007 to observe three different populations in the breeding season, non-breeding season, and late fall. The gold-spotted pond frog was very sedentary; its daily average movement was 9.8 m. Frogs stayed close to breeding ponds (within 6.6 m), and did not leave damp areas surrounding these ponds, except for dormancy migration to terrestrial sites such as dried crop fields. The average distance of dormancy migration of seven frogs from the edge of their breeding ponds was 32.0 m. The average size of an individual’s home range was 713.8 ㎡ (0.07 ha). The year-round population home range, which accounts for the home ranges of a population of frogs, was determined for two populations to be 8,765.0 ㎡ (0.88 ha) and 3,700.9 ㎡ (0.37 ha). Our results showed that to conserve this endangered species, appropriately sized wetlands and extended terrestrial buffer areas surrounding the wetlands (at least 1.33 ha, diameter 130 m) should be protected.
Habitat Associations of the Endangered Gold-Spotted Pond Frog (Rana chosenica).
Ra, Nam-Yong,Park, Daesik,Cheong, Seokwan,Kim, Nam-Sin,Sung, Ha-Cheol Zoological Society of Japan 2010 Zoological science Vol.27 No.5
<P>We used field surveys and statistical models to investigate habitat associations of the endangered gold-spotted pond frog (Rana chosenica). The characteristics of its habitat are of great importance for effective conservation for this declining species in western South Korea. We evaluated a priori models that incorporated biotic and abiotic variables at the pond and landscape scales. The best-ranked model predicts that gold-spotted pond frogs will be more abundant at sites with fewer introduced American bullfrogs (Rana [= Lithobates] catesbeianus) and greater coverage of shallow, vegetated water. Our study leads us to conclude that limiting the spread and abundance of bullfrogs has the potential to aid conservation of the gold-spotted pond frog in our region.</P>
Ectoparasites: immature Japanese hard ticks (Ixodes nipponensis; Acari: Ixodidae) on Korean lizards
Ra, Nam-Yong,Lee, Jun-Ki,Lee, Jung-Hyun,Kim, Ja-Kyeong,Kim, Dae-In,Kim, Bin-Na,Kim, Il-Hoon,Park, Dae-Sik The Ecological Society of Korea 2011 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.34 No.3
Although lizards are important hosts for hard ticks (Ixodidae), very few studies have been conducted in South Korea. To determine whether or not hard ticks can infest lizards endemic to South Korea, we examined 77 lizards of four species (Eremias argus, Sincella vandenburghi, Takydromus amurensis, and Takydromus wolteri) that were collected at 22 different sites between April and October 2010. We confirmed that all four lizard species can be infested by Ixodes nipponensis larvae or nymphs. Of the 62 E. argus examined, we found an average of 12.5 larvae on two lizards and an average of one nymph on one lizard. We found seven nymphs on one S. vandenburghi. We found an average of two nymphs on two of the five T. amurensis and an average of one nymph on four of the nine T. wolteri. Ixodes nipponensis larvae and nymphs were found most frequently on the foreleg axillae (87.8%), followed by the forelegs (7.3%), the eyelids (2.4%), and the ears (2.4%) of the lizards. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of I. nipponensis infestations of lizards endemic to South Korea.
Ultra Fast Flash Observatory to observe the prompt photons from Gamma Ray Bursts
Nam, Ji-Woo,Boggs, Steven,Ripov, G.,Grossan, Bruce,Jeon, Jin-A,Jin, Joo-Young,Jung, Ae-Ra,Kim, Ji-Eun,Kim, Min-Soo,Kim, Yong-Kweon,Klimov, P.,Khrenov, B.,Lee, Chang-Hwan,Lee, Jik,Na, Go-Woon,Nam, Shin 한국우주과학회 2009 한국우주과학회보 Vol.18 No.1
Ra, Ho Jong,Oh, Mi Young,Kim, Hee Ju,Lee, Seung Yong,Eom, Dae Woon,Lee, Suk Kyu,Kim, Su-Nam,Chung, Kyu Sung,Jang, Hyuk Jai The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2018 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.22 No.2
PRF001 is a fragmented DNA polymer extracted from the testes of salmon. The purpose of this study was to assess the anti-inflammatory effect of PRF001 in vitro as well as the protective effect of PRF001 intake against arthritis in a rat model. In vitro, cell survival and inflammatory markers after $H_2O_2$ treatment to induce cell damage were investigated in CHON-001 cells treated with different concentrations of PRF001. In vivo, osteoarthritis was induced by intra-articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) into the knee joints of rats. After consumption of PRF001 (10, 50, or 100 mg/kg) for 4 weeks, inflammatory mediators and cytokines in articular cartilage were investigated. In vitro, the levels of inflammatory markers, $IL-1{\beta}$, $TNF-{\alpha}$, COX-2, iNOS, and PGE2, were significantly suppressed by PRF001 treatment. In vivo, the inflammatory mediators and cytokines, $IL-1{\beta}$, p-Erk1/2, $NF-{\kappa}B$, $TNF-{\alpha}$, COX-2, and PGE2, as well as MMP3 and MMP7, which have catabolic activity in chondrocytes, were decreased in the MIA-induced osteoarthritic rats following intake of PRF001. Histological analysis revealed that PRF001 had a protective effect on the articular cartilage. Altogether, these results demonstrated that the anti-inflammatory property of PRF001 contributes to its protective effects in osteoarthritis through deregulating $IL-1{\beta}$, $TNF-{\alpha}$, and subsequent signals, such as p-Erk1/2, $NF-{\kappa}B$, COX-2, PGE2, and MMPs.
급랭응고한 Al-Fe 계 합금의 미세조직에 미치는 첨가원소의 영향
나형용,백남익,허성강 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1989 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.27 No.10
The effect of alloying elements on the microstructure was studied in the rapidly solidified Al-Fe based alloys by single roll method. Volume fraction of precipitates in the rapidly solidified Al-Fe binary alloys increased with increasing iron contents. The fine precipitates in the rapidly solidified Al-Fe alloy ribbons were identified as A1_6Fe compound, although precipitates formed in the east ingots were Al₃Fe compound. The Al-Fe based alloy ribbon consisted of a supersaturated solid solution and a microcellular structure. Microscopic study revealed that the Al-Fe-Mo and A1-Fe-Si alloy ribbons had finer cell structure than the Al-Fe binary alloy ribbons. The Al-Fe-Mo-Si quaternary alloy ribbon had subgrain-like structure at zone A, which was different from the binary or ternary alloy ribbons.