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Lloyd-Hughes, J.,Mosley, C. D. W.,Jones, S. P. P.,Lees, M. R.,Chen, A.,Jia, Q. X.,Choi, E.-M.,MacManus-Driscoll, J. L. American Chemical Society 2017 Nano letters Vol.17 No.4
<P>Colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) is demonstrated at terahertz (THz) frequencies by using terahertz time-domain magnetospectroscopy to examine vertically aligned nanocomposites (VANs) and planar thin films of La<SUB>0.7</SUB>Sr<SUB>0.3</SUB>MnO<SUB>3</SUB>. At the Curie temperature (room temperature), the THz conductivity of the VAN was dramatically enhanced by over 2 orders of magnitude under the application of a magnetic field with a non-Drude THz conductivity that increased with frequency. The direct current (dc) CMR of the VAN is controlled by extrinsic magnetotransport mechanisms such as spin-polarized tunneling between nanograins. In contrast, we find that THz CMR is dominated by intrinsic, intragrain transport: the mean free path was smaller than the nanocolumn size, and the planar thin-film exhibited similar THz CMR to the VAN. Surprisingly, the observed colossal THz magnetoresistance suggests that the magnetoresistance can be large for alternating current motion on nanometer length scales, even when the magnetoresistance is negligible on the macroscopic length scales probed by dc transport. This suggests that colossal magnetoresistance at THz frequencies may find use in nanoelectronics and in THz optical components controlled by magnetic fields. The VAN can be scaled in thickness while retaining a high structural quality and offers a larger THz CMR at room temperature than the planar film.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/nalefd/2017/nalefd.2017.17.issue-4/acs.nanolett.7b00231/production/images/medium/nl-2017-00231y_0005.gif'></P>
LPA Receptors: Subtypes and Biological Actions
Choi, Ji Woong,Herr, Deron R.,Noguchi, Kyoko,Yung, Yun C.,Lee, Chang-Wook,Mutoh, Tetsuji,Lin, Mu-En,Teo, Siew T.,Park, Kristine E.,Mosley, Alycia N.,Chun, Jerold Annual Reviews 2010 Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology Vol.50 No.-
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a small, ubiquitous phospholipid that acts as an extracellular signaling molecule by binding to and activating at least five known G protein??coupled receptors (GPCRs): LPA<SUB>1</SUB>??LPA<SUB>5</SUB>. They are encoded by distinct genes named LPAR1??LPAR5 in humans and Lpar1??Lpar5 in mice. The biological roles of LPA are diverse and include developmental, physiological, and pathophysiological effects. This diversity is mediated by broad and overlapping expression patterns and multiple downstream signaling pathways activated by cognate LPA receptors. Studies using cloned receptors and genetic knockout mice have been instrumental in uncovering the significance of this signaling system, notably involving basic cellular processes as well as multiple organ systems such as the nervous system. This has further provided valuable proof-of-concept data to support LPA receptors and LPA metabolic enzymes as targets for the treatment of medically important diseases that include neuropsychiatric disorders, neuropathic pain, infertility, cardiovascular disease, inflammation, fibrosis, and cancer.