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Safia Syazana Mohtar,Norasikin Saman,Ahmad Mujahid Md Noor,Tengku Nur Zulaikha Tengku Malim Busu,Nor Aida Yusoff,Hanapi Mat 한국화학공학회 2019 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.36 No.5
Flocculation kinetics and sludge dewatering of kaolin suspension as influenced by various q-EFBC flocculant dosing were studied. In this study, 62.5mg L1 q-EFBC exhibited the highest turbidity removal efficiency of 99.53± 0.08%. The adsorption rate of kaolin towards 12.5mg L1 to 112.5mg L1 q-EFBC dosing increased rapidly for t<60 s and became gradual before completion. The mass transfer coefficient was independent of dosage. The experimental data best-fitted the non-linear pseudo-first order due to the R2>0.99 and the lowest standard deviation. The highest rate constant of particle aggregation and breakage was consistent with the highest rate constant of particle collision, which led to the highest turbidity removal at the optimal dosage. The rate-limiting steps in the flocculation process were particle collision and aggregation since their rate constant was lower than the other kinetic constants. The lower values of SRF and TTF of treated sludge as compared to the untreated one confirmed the improvement in the dewaterability characteristic. The lowest TTF (37.44±1.44 s) and SRF (1.49×1010 m kg1) was observed for 62.5mg L1 q-EFBC. The high turbidity removal and improved sludge dewaterability indicate the potential application of q-EFBC for water treatment.
The Significance of Bajau Laut Community As A Cultural Tourism Product In Semporna, Sabah
Tini Maizura Mohtar,Kamarul Mizal Marzuki,Noor Fzlinda Fabeil 세계문화관광학회 2007 Conference Proceedings Vol.8 No.0
Semporna is a gateway for divers to the famous diving sites in the world. The primary motive tourists visits Semporna is for their diving activities at Sipadan and Mabul not knowing that the Bajau's in Semporna has an only one of its kind culture. The intention for developing product for the Bajau's people or "sea-gypsy" is to analyze and expose their unique Bajau's community lifestyles besides it will enhance the economic activities of the Bajau's. This will positively help to enhance and increase the cultural contribution within the development of the cultural tourism relationship: the tourists, cultural tourism operators and the cultural entrepreneurs. Proper management of cultural tourism provide the conservation community into the sustainable development by placing the local communities achieve better socio-economic benefits. The purpose of this exploratory research is to identify potential and issues through cultural uniqueness by promoting Bajau's Laut community. A semi-structured interview with the district officer, local community leaders and tourists has been conducted and secondary data obtained from the previous studies will be applied to this research. Furthermore, the idea of developing Semporna for their Bajau's Cultural Tourism can help to shift the tourism development concentration from the west coast to the east -coast of Sabah. This could be the alternative for the marine tourism to cultural tourism guaranteeing the survival of these revenue-generating cultural heritage assets will play an important role in the well-being of future generations.
Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad Wan-Mohtar,Safuan Ab Kadir,Sarina Abdul Halim Lim,Zul Ilham,Siti Hajar-Azhari,Nazamid Saari 한국식품과학회 2019 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.28 No.6
In submerged-liquid fermentation, seven keyparameters were assessed using one-factor-at-a-time toobtain the highest GABA yield using an industrial soysauce koji Aspergillus oryzae strain NSK (AOSNSK). AOSNSK generated maximum GABA at 30 C (194 mg/L) and initial pH 5 (231 mg/L), thus was able to utilizesucrose (327 mg/L of GABA) for carbon source. Sucrose at100 g/L, improved GABA production at 646 mg/L. Singlenitrogen sources failed to improve GABA production,however a combination of yeast extract (YE) and glutamicacid (GA) improved GABA at 646.78 mg/L. Carbon-tonitrogenratio (C8:N3) produced the highest cell (24.01 g/L) and GABA at a minimal time of 216 h. The keyparameters of 30 C, initial pH 5, 100 g/L of sucrose,combination YE and GA, and C8:N3 generated the highestGABA (3278.31 mg/L) in a koji fermentation. AOSNSKpromisingly showed for the development of a new GABArichsoy sauce.
( Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad Wan Mohtar ),( Louise Young ),( Grainne M. Abbott ),( Carol Clements ),( Linda M. Harvey ),( Brian Mcneil ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2016 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.26 No.6
Ganoderma lucidum BCCM 31549 has a long established role for its therapeutic activities. In this context, much interest has focused on the possible functions of the (1,3)-β-D-glucan (G) produced by these cultures in a stirred-tank bioreactor and extracted from their underutilized mycelium. In the existing study, we report on the systematic production of G, and its sulfated derivative (GS). The aim of this study was to investigate G and its GS from G. lucidum in terms of their antibacterial properties and cytotoxicity spectrum against human prostate cells (PN2TA) and human caucasian histiocytic lymphoma cells (U937). 1H NMR for both G and GS compounds showed β-glycosidic linkages and structural similarities when compared with two standards (laminarin and fucoidan). The existence of characteristic absorptions at 1,170 and 867 cm-1 in the FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) for GS demonstrated the successful sulfation of G. Only GS exhibited antimicrobial activity against a varied range of test bacteria of relevance to foodstuffs and human health. Moreover, both G and GS did not show any cytotoxic effects on PN2TA cells, thus helping demonstrate the safety of these polymers. Moreover, GS showed 40% antiproliferation against cancerous U937 cells at the low concentration (60 μg/ ml) applied in this study compared with G (10%). Together, this demonstrates that sulfation clearly improved the solubility and therapeutic activities of G. The water-soluble GS demonstrates the potential multifunctional effects of these materials in foodstuffs.
Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad Wan-Mohtar,Christina Viegelmann,Anita Klaus,Sarina Abdul Halim Lim 한국식품과학회 2017 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.26 No.1
Underutilized mycelium of Ganoderma lucidum BCCM 31549 has been a significant source of a glucan sulfate (GS) possessing therapeutic activities. GS have been evaluated for their antifungaldemelanizing properties and nitrite oxide production from stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. GS exhibited antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger A60 with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 60 mg/mL and a minimum fungicidal concentration of 100 mg/mL. At 60mg/mL (sublethal) and 30mg/mL (subinhibitory) doses of GS, the mycelium of A. niger A60 was successfully demelanized with a conidiophore head and black pigment reduction. Additionally, GS successfully stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells at a concentration of 500 μg/mL to produce 0.45 μM of nitric oxide. The GSstimulated RAW264.7 macrophages were morphologically similar to those treated with lipopolysaccharide. The results highlight a novel bifunctional property of mycelial GS from G. lucidum.
Hajar-Azhari, Siti,Wan-Mohtar, Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad,Kadir, Safuan Ab,Rahim, Muhamad Hafiz Abd,Saari, Nazamid 한국식품과학회 2018 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.27 No.2
In this study, a selected c-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-rich Malaysian strain Aspergillus oryzae NSK was collected from soy sauce koji. The strain was used to explore the effect of using renewable native sugar syrup, sugarcane, nipa, and molasses as fermentable substrates for developing a novel functional GABA soy sauce. We evaluated the strain using the chosen native sugars for 7 days using shake flask fermentation at $30^{\circ}C$. The results showed optimum GABA concentration was achieved using cane molasses as the fermentable substrate (354.08 mg/L), followed by sugarcane syrup (320.7 mg/L) and nipa syrup (232.07 mg/L). Cane molasses was subsequently utilized as a substrate to determine the most suitable concentration for A. oryzae NSK to enhance GABA production and was determined as 50% g/L of glucose standard cane molasses. Our findings indicate that cane molasses can be used as a GABA-rich ingredient to develop a new starter culture for A. oryzae NSK soy sauce production.
Gishedaraankumar Krishnan,Safia Syazana Mohtar,Farhana Aziz,Juhana Jaafar,Norhaniza Yusof,Wan Norharyati Wan Salleh,Ahmad Fauzi Ismail 한국화학공학회 2020 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.37 No.12
The CO2 gas separation performance of aminated reduced graphene oxide (A-rGO) incorporated PEBAX mixed matrix composite membranes, by means of amination heating time and A-rGO loading, is reported. The 5 h of heating time resulted in an essential molecular sieving property for CO2 separation, thus used in membrane fabrication. The selective PEBAX/A-rGO5 layers were fabricated on top of the polysulfone supporting layer by a dip-coating method. The A-rGO was well-dispersed, the selective and support layers were seamlessly attached. The CO2 permeability and CO2/N2 selectivity of the PEBAX/A-rGO5 was greater than that of pristine PEBAX. 3wt% of A-rGO5 loading resulted as the optimum since the gas selectivity decreased at higher loading. The PEBAX/A-rGO5 performance, which was slightly above the Robeson 2008 upper bound of permeability-selectivity relation for CO2/N2 gas separation, shows a promising application for industrial CO2 gas separation process.
Norasikin Saman,Helen Kong,Safia Syazana Mohtar,Khairiraihanna Johari,Azmi Fadziyana Mansor,Onn Hassan,Noorhalieza Ali,Hanapi Mat 한국화학공학회 2019 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.36 No.7
The adsorption dynamics of inorganic mercury, Hg(II) and organic methylmercury, MeHg(II) removal by low-cost reactive agrowaste adsorbents namely CP-Pure, CP-MPTES and CP-RR was investigated in a fixed-bed adsorber. The results show that the breakthrough and saturation times were delayed with decreasing flow rate (F) and initial concentration (Co), and increasing bed height (Z). The Hg(II) possessed better adsorption performance than MeHg(II). The isotherm and kinetic model analyses of adsorption data followed the Temkin isotherm and the pseudosecond order kinetic models, respectively. The breakthrough curve was simulated well by the Thomas and Yoon-Nelson models, and then was further used for scale-up studies. The empty bed contact time (EBCT) concept was successfully demonstrated for the adsorber design and scale-up studies. The regeneration studies showed that the regenerated CP-Pure and CP-MPTES have a high regeneration efficiency up to third adsorption cycle