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Mistarihi, Qusai M.,Hwang, Jun Teak,Ryu, Ho Jin ELSEVIER 2018 JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS Vol.510 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>U-Mo dispersion-type fuel is a potential candidate fuel for research and test reactors owing to the relatively stable irradiation performance of U-Mo fuel in comparison with other metallic fuels. However, U-Mo dispersion fuel shows high growth of interaction layers at high burnup irradiation. Although the thermal conductivity of the interaction layer is one of the critical parameters for evaluating U-Mo fuel performance, there have been no studies on the thermal conductivity of the as-irradiated interaction layers based on experimentally measured data. In this study, the thermal conductivities of the as-irradiated interaction layer were estimated using finite element analysis simulation and analytical modeling from the reported thermal conductivities of the fuel meat segments irradiated up to two different fission densities. The thermal conductivities of as-irradiated interaction layer predicted by the analytical modeling and the finite element simulation showed a good agreement when they were estimated by the analytic models considering the interconnected microstructure of the Al matrix.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Mistarihi, Qusai M.,Raj, Vivek,Kim, Joon Hui,Ryu, Ho Jin Elsevier 2017 Materials & Design Vol.134 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>ZrO<SUB>2</SUB> is one of the candidate materials for the matrix of inert matrix fuels because of its excellent chemical stability and irradiation resistance. In this paper, the low thermal conductivity of ZrO<SUB>2</SUB> was increased by the addition of Mo reinforcements in order to improve its performance and therefore increase the safety of nuclear reactors. The effect of interfacial thermal resistance and reinforcement structure in terms of its size, shape, and orientation on the thermal conductivity of Mo powder- and Mo wire mesh-reinforced ZrO<SUB>2</SUB> composites fabricated by spark plasma sintering at 1700°C in vacuum was investigated. It was found that structures with a higher degree of interconnectivity of the high thermal conductivity reinforcements were more effective in increasing the thermal conductivity of ZrO<SUB>2</SUB> composites. The Mo wire mesh-ZrO<SUB>2</SUB> composites had a higher thermal conductivity than did the Mo powder-ZrO<SUB>2</SUB> composites, owing to the interconnected structure of the former. The thermal conductivities of the Mo-ZrO<SUB>2</SUB> composites were also analyzed by the finite element analysis and using analytical models of the composites with the dispersed reinforcing particles and the interconnected reinforcement structures. A good agreement was found between the theoretically predicted and experimentally measured thermal conductivity of Mo-reinforced ZrO<SUB>2</SUB> composites.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Mo wire mesh-reinforced ZrO<SUB>2</SUB> composites fabricated by spark plasma sintering. </LI> <LI> Finite element analysis of the thermal conductivity agrees well with modeling. </LI> <LI> Interconnected Mo wire mesh improves the thermal conductivity of ZrO<SUB>2</SUB> composites. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
FABRICATION OF ZrO2-BASED NANOCOMPOSITES FOR TRANSURANIC ELEMENT-BURNING INERT MATRIX FUEL
QUSAI MISTARIHI,MALIK A. UMER,김준휘,홍순형,류호진 한국원자력학회 2015 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.47 No.5
ZrO2-based composites reinforced with 6.5 vol.% of carbon foam, carbon fiber, and graphite were fabricated using spark plasma sintering, and characterized using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffractometry. Their thermal properties were also investigated. The microstructures of the reinforced composites showed that carbon fiber fully reacted with ZrO2, whereas carbon foam and graphite did not. The carbothermal reaction of carbon fiber had a negative effect on the thermal properties of the reinforced ZrO2 composites because of the formation of zirconium oxycarbide. Meanwhile, the addition of carbon foam had a positive effect, increasing the thermal conductivity from 2.86 to 3.38 W m1 K1 at 1,100C. These findings suggest that the homogenous distribution and chemical stability of reinforcement material affect the thermal properties of ZrO2-based composites.
Prebiotics in the Infant Microbiome: The Past, Present, and Future
Miqdady, Mohamad,Mistarihi, Jihad Al,Azaz, Amer,Rawat, David The Korean Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology 2020 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.23 No.1
The latest definition of a prebiotic is "a substrate that is selectively utilized by host microorganisms conferring a health benefit"; it now includes non-food elements and is applicable to extra-intestinal tissues. Prebiotics are recognized as a promising tool in the promotion of general health and in the prevention and treatment of numerous juvenile diseases. Prebiotics are considered an immunoactive agent, with the potential for long-lasting effects extending past active administration of the prebiotic. Because of its extremely low risk of serious adverse effects, ease of administration, and strong potential for influencing the composition and function of the microbiota in the gut and beyond, the beneficial clinical applications of prebiotics are expanding. Prebiotics are the third largest component of human breast milk. Preparations including galactooligosaccharides (GOS), fructooligosaccharides (FOS), 2'-fucosyllactose, lacto-N-neo-tetraose are examples of commonly used and studied products for supplementation in baby formula. In particular, the GOS/FOS combination is the most studied. Maintaining a healthy microbiome is essential to promote homeostasis of the gut and other organs. With more than 1,000 different microbial species in the gut, it is likely more feasible to modify the gut microbiota through the use of certain prebiotic mixtures rather than supplementing with a particular probiotic strain. In this review, we discuss the latest clinical evidence regarding prebiotics and its role in gut immunity, allergy, infections, inflammation, and functional gastrointestinal disorders.
Prebiotics in the Infant Microbiome: The Past, Present, and Future
Mohamad Miqdady,Jihad Al Mistarihi,Amer Azaz,David Rawat 대한소아소화기영양학회 2020 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.23 No.1
The latest definition of a prebiotic is “a substrate that is selectively utilized by host microorganisms conferring a health benefit”; it now includes non-food elements and is applicable to extra-intestinal tissues. Prebiotics are recognized as a promising tool in the promotion of general health and in the prevention and treatment of numerous juvenile diseases. Prebiotics are considered an immunoactive agent, with the potential for long-lasting effects extending past active administration of the prebiotic. Because of its extremely low risk of serious adverse effects, ease of administration, and strong potential for influencing the composition and function of the microbiota in the gut and beyond, the beneficial clinical applications of prebiotics are expanding. Prebiotics are the third largest component of human breast milk. Preparations including galactooligosaccharides (GOS), fructooligosaccharides (FOS), 2'-fucosyllactose, lacto-N-neo-tetraose are examples of commonly used and studied products for supplementation in baby formula. In particular, the GOS/FOS combination is the most studied. Maintaining a healthy microbiome is essential to promote homeostasis of the gut and other organs. With more than 1,000 different microbial species in the gut, it is likely more feasible to modify the gut microbiota through the use of certain prebiotic mixtures rather than supplementing with a particular probiotic strain. In this review, we discuss the latest clinical evidence regarding prebiotics and its role in gut immunity, allergy, infections, inflammation, and functional gastrointestinal disorders.