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Minoo Mahshid,Aboulfazl Saboury,Seyed Jalil Sadr,Ali Fayyaz,Mahdi Kadkhodazadeh 대한치주과학회 2013 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.43 No.5
Purpose: This study aimed to assess the combined effect of dismantling before sterilization and aging on the accuracy (±10%of the target torque) of spring-style mechanical torque devices (S-S MTDs). Methods: Twenty new S-SMTDs from two different manufacturers (Nobel Biocare and Straumann: 10 of each type) were selected and divided into two groups, namely, case (group A) and control (group B). For sterilization, 100 cycles of autoclaving were performed in 100 sequences. In each sequence, 10 repetitions of peak torque values were registered for aging. To measure and assess the output of each device, a Tohnichi torque gauge was used (P<0.05). Results: Before steam sterilization, all of the tested devices stayed within 10% of their target values. After 100 cycles of steam sterilization and aging with or without dismantling of the devices, the Nobel Biocare devices stayed within 10% of their target torque. In the Straumann devices, despite the significant difference between the peak torque and target torque values, the absolute error values stayed within 10% of their target torque. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, there was no significant difference between the mean and absolute value of error between Nobel Biocare and Straumann S-S MTDs.
A Review of Current Beekeeping Status in Myanmar
MinOo Hlaing,Dongwon Kim,Su Bae Kim,Bo Sun Kim,Yong-Soo Choi 한국양봉학회 2023 韓國養蜂學會誌 Vol.38 No.3
Beekeeping in Myanmar began with traditional beekeeping, and modern Apis mellifera beekeeping was introduced in 1979. In ten States and Regions, commercial beekeeping for A. mellifera is practiced, as well as wild beekeeping for Apis cerana, wild bee hunting for Apis dorsata, Apis laboriosa, and wild bee harvesting for Apis florea. Wild bees and small-scale beekeeping are found in five other states and regions. A total of 5,000 Metric Tons of honey are produced annually. The cost of 1 kg of honey is between 4,500 and 5,000 MMK (2 USD). For A. mellifera honey, the price per metric ton is between 1,800 and 2,000 US dollars. There are five basic categories of honey, including multifloral, rubber, Niger, sunflower, and jujube honey. From the regions of Mandalay, Sagaing, and Magway, special Jujube honey is produced. from the regions of Sagaing and Mandalay, sunflower honey. Niger Honey from Shan, Kachin, and the Sagaing Region. Rubber honey from the Kayin, Mon, and Bago states. In Myanmar, there are 200,000 bee colonies, comprising old-fashioned and contemporary hives. The black queen cell virus diseases, deform wing virus diseases, acute bee paralysis virus diseases, varroa mites infection, and tropilaelaps mites infection are the most prevalent illnesses and pests for the beekeeping industries in Myanmar.
Morphological Prevalence on Characterization of Varroa Mites from Myanmar
Hlaing MinOo,Dong-Won Kim,Peter Njukang Akongte,Dae-Geun Oh,Min-Woong Son,Bo-sun Park,Su-bae Kim,You-young Jo,Chang-Hoon Lee,Yong-Soo Choi 한국양봉학회 2023 韓國養蜂學會誌 Vol.38 No.4
Varroosis is a common disease affecting honeybees worldwide, caused by Varroa destructor mites. This external parasite infects Apis mellifera worker, drone, queen, larvae, and pupae, causing lower survival rates and colony density. The study measured the width, length, and distance of various aspects of 200 Varroa mite samples. This study examined female V. destructor mites from four groups of Varroa infestation areas such as Nay Pyi Taw (NPT), Magway Region (MGW), Shan State (SHN) and Saggaing Region (SGG). And study the variance in the 18 morphological characters of female Varroa mites. The results showed that SHN and SGG had significantly larger genitoventral shields (p<0.05) than NPT and MGW. They also had significantly larger plural shields (p<0.05) than MGW. The distance between anal setae, tarsus IV, macrochaeta IV, and hypostome setae was also significantly larger in SHN and SGG. The percentage of mite infestations is SSG 95.2%, SHN 3.2%, MGW 1.5%, and NPT 0.1%. Female Varroa mites from infected drone broods of colonies exhibit the most significant variance in morphological measurements.
Mahshid, Minoo,Saboury, Aboulfazl,Sadr, Seyed Jalil,Fayyaz, Ali,Kadkhodazadeh, Mahdi Korean Academy of Periodontology 2013 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.43 No.5
Purpose: This study aimed to assess the combined effect of dismantling before sterilization and aging on the accuracy (${\pm}10%$ of the target torque) of spring-style mechanical torque devices (S-S MTDs). Methods: Twenty new S-SMTDs from two different manufacturers (Nobel Biocare and Straumann: 10 of each type) were selected and divided into two groups, namely, case (group A) and control (group B). For sterilization, 100 cycles of autoclaving were performed in 100 sequences. In each sequence, 10 repetitions of peak torque values were registered for aging. To measure and assess the output of each device, a Tohnichi torque gauge was used (P<0.05). Results: Before steam sterilization, all of the tested devices stayed within 10% of their target values. After 100 cycles of steam sterilization and aging with or without dismantling of the devices, the Nobel Biocare devices stayed within 10% of their target torque. In the Straumann devices, despite the significant difference between the peak torque and target torque values, the absolute error values stayed within 10% of their target torque. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, there was no significant difference between the mean and absolute value of error between Nobel Biocare and Straumann S-S MTDs.
Expression of calcium-independent cellular PLA2 under Toll/IMD signal pathways in Spodoptera exigua
Seyedeh Minoo Sajjadian,Yonggyun Kim 한국응용곤충학회 2018 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.04
Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) hydrolyzes fatty acids from phospholipids at sn-2 position. Two immune-associated PLA2s are known in Spodoptera exigua. Both are calcium-independent cellular PLA2 (iPLA2A and iPLA2B). These iPLA2s are inducible to immune challenge using different epitopes such as virus, Gram+, Gram- bacteria, and fungi. However, their expression profiles are different between these two iPLA2s. Especially, immune challenge with Gram+ bacteria and fungi significantly up-regulated these iPLA2 expression, suggesting their expression under Toll signal pathway. RNA interferences of Toll or IMD signal components are being investigated.