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The Microbiology of Phosphorus Removal in Activated Sludge Processes-the Current State of Play
Robert J. Seviour,Simon McIlroy 한국미생물학회 2008 The journal of microbiology Vol.46 No.2
This review discusses critically what we know and would like to know about the microbiology of phosphorus (P) removal in activated sludge systems. In particular, the description of the genome sequences of two strains of the polyphosphate accumulating organism found in these processes, Candidatus ‘Accumulibacter phosphatis’, allows us to address many of the previously unanswered questions relating to how these processes behave, and to raise new questions about the microbiology of P removal. This article attempts to be deliberately speculative, and inevitably subjective, but hopefully at the same time useful to those who have an active interest in these environmentally very important processes.
Biodiesel flames as a unique pyrolyzing carbon source for the synthesis of hydrophobic carbon films
Duncan Merchan‑Breuer,Ethan Murphy,Benjamin Berka,Elena Echeverria,David N. McIlroy,Wilson Merchan‑Merchan 한국탄소학회 2021 Carbon Letters Vol.31 No.3
We report the rapid single-step flame synthesis of hydrophobic carbon layers (C-layers) on the surface of stainless-steel (SS) substrates using vaporized biodiesel as the fuel. A co-flow canola methyl ester/air diffusion flame is used to generate a hydrophobic monolayer on the surface of the metal substrate upon its insertion into the reaction zone. Carbon deposition on the surface of the SS substrates varies by changing the SS disk’s position in the post-flame, and by varying its exposure time. The thickness and mass of the flame-formed monolayer varied depending on the substrate’s insertion point into the flame. However, the variation of mass did not significantly impact the C-layer’s uniformity or hydrophobicity. We hypothesize that a small “inner-cone” of the biodiesel flame along with a high soot propensity can result in an ideal medium to form uniform hydrophobic C-layers of unique hierarchical surface structure. This is supported by introducing SS substrates in methane/air flames formed using the same co-flow burner. The hydrophobic property of the carbon deposits was quantified by measuring the contact angle of water droplets placed on the film’s surface. A water droplet drop test was conducted on the flame-formed hydrophobic layers to study their wettability property.
Hopkins, Xiaoping,Gill, Waqas Amin,Kringel, Rosemarie,Wang, Guankui,Hass, Jamie,Acharya, Suresh,Park, Jungrae,Jeon, In Tak,An, Boo Hyun,Lee, Ji Sung,Ryu, Jong Eun,Hill, Rod,McIlroy, David,Kim, Young K IOP 2017 Nanotechnology Vol.28 No.3
<P>We present a novel method of radio frequency (RF)-mediated thermotherapy in tumors by remotely heating nickel (Ni)–gold (Au) core–shell nanowires (CSNWs). Ectopic pancreatic tumors were developed in nude mice to evaluate the thermotherapeutic effects on tumor progression. Tumor ablation was produced by RF-mediated thermotherapy via activation of the paramagnetic properties of the Ni–Au CSNWs. Histopathology demonstrated that heat generated by RF irradiation caused significant cellular death with pyknotic nuclei and nuclear fragmentation dispersed throughout the tumors. These preliminary results suggest that thermotherapy ablation induced via RF activation of nanowires provides a potential alternative therapy for cancer treatment.</P>