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Hunter Marston 서울대학교행정대학원 2013 Asian Journal of Political Science Vol.21 No.3
Myanmar's 2010 multi-party election was the nation's first in two decades, signaling a manufactured transition from nearly half a century of military dictatorship toward parliamentary democracy. The current single-member district, plurality voting electoral system limits the parliamentary representation of smaller, ethnic political parties, and inflates the influence of larger, enfranchised parties, jeopardizing peaceful national reconciliation between various factions and the country's inchoate democratic institutions. Myanmar's Union Electoral Commission should consider electoral reforms that: (a) maximize proportional representation; (b) guarantee peace and political stability; and (c) guarantee a sufficient parliamentary majority that can govern the nascent democracy. The ideal system for the upcoming 2015 general elections is a Mixed-Member Proportional (MMP) one, with one parliamentary house electing ministers by plurality in regional districts and the other with proportional representation by party list. This paper considers alternative electoral systems in light of the status quo and argues that MMP would produce the most stable and representative results for all parties concerned.
백경민,Baik, Kyungmin,Marston, Philip L. The Acoustical Society of Korea 2014 韓國音響學會誌 Vol.33 No.5
매끈한 물체에 의한 음향산란에 관한 수치해석은 발전해 왔으나 경계면에 위로 부분적으로 드러나 있는 물체에 의한 음향산란에 대한 수치해석은 여전히 드물다. 해저면에 부분적으로 파묻힌 실린더의 후방산란진폭을 결정함에 있어 경계면에 의한 잔향은 표적의 산란 함수 특성을 변화시킨다. 본 연구는 평탄한 경계면에 부분적으로 파묻힌 실린더의 후방산란진폭에 대한 수치해석을 제시하기 위하여 모멘트법(Method of Moments)을 채택하였다. 제시된 수치해석은 측정 및 키르히호프 근사법으로 얻은 해석적인 해와 상당한 일치를 보여주었다. 본 연구에서 기술된 수치해석은 해저면에서의 잔향과 표적으로부터의 산란파를 결합시킴으로써 해저면에 부분적으로 파묻힌 어떠한 형상의 표적에 대한 후방산란 문제에도 적용될 수 있다. Though there have been advances in the numerical analysis of the acoustic scattering by smooth objects, numerical analysis of the acoustic scattering by the objects that are partially exposed on the interface are still rare. In determining the backscattering amplitude by a partially buried cylinder on a seabed, reverberation by the interface changes the feature of the scattering form function. Current study adopted the Method of moments (MoM) to provide the numerical analysis on the backscattering amplitude for a partially buried cylinder on a flat interface. Suggested numerical analysis showed the good agreements with the measurements and the analytic solution obtained by the Kirchhoff approximation. Numerical analysis described in the current study can be applied to the backscattering problem of any shape of the objects partially imbedded on a seabed by combining the reverberation from the seabed with the scattered wave from the objects.
On the late-time behaviour of a bounded, inviscid two-dimensional flow
Dritschel, David G.,Qi, Wanming,Marston, J. B. Cambridge University Press 2015 Journal of fluid mechanics Vol.783 No.-
<P>Using complementary numerical approaches at high resolution, we study the late-time behaviour of an inviscid incompressible two-dimensional flow on the surface of a sphere. Starting from a random initial vorticity field comprised of a small set of intermediate-wavenumber spherical harmonics, we find that, contrary to the predictions of equilibrium statistical mechanics, the flow does not evolve into a large-scale steady state. Instead, significant unsteadiness persists, characterised by a population of persistent small-scale vortices interacting with a large-scale oscillating quadrupolar vorticity field. Moreover, the vorticity develops a stepped, staircase distribution, consisting of nearly homogeneous regions separated by sharp gradients. The persistence of unsteadiness is explained by a simple point-vortex model characterising the interactions between the four main vortices which emerge.</P>
Sequential patient recruitment monitoring in multi-center clinical trials
Kim, Dong-Yun,Han, Sung-Min,Youngblood, Marston Jr. The Korean Statistical Society 2018 Communications for statistical applications and me Vol.25 No.5
We propose Sequential Patient Recruitment Monitoring (SPRM), a new monitoring procedure for patient recruitment in a clinical trial. Based on the sequential probability ratio test using improved stopping boundaries by Woodroofe, the method allows for continuous monitoring of the rate of enrollment. It gives an early warning when the recruitment is unlikely to achieve the target enrollment. The packet data approach combined with the Central Limit Theorem makes the method robust to the distribution of the recruitment entry pattern. A straightforward application of the counting process framework can be used to estimate the probability to achieve the target enrollment under the assumption that the current trend continues. The required extension of the recruitment period can also be derived for a given confidence level. SPRM is a new, continuous patient recruitment monitoring tool that provides an opportunity for corrective action in a timely manner. It is suitable for the modern, centralized data management environment and requires minimal effort to maintain. We illustrate this method using real data from two well-known, multicenter, phase III clinical trials.
이춘영,김성곤,피이마스톤,Lee, Chun-Yung,Kim, Sung-Kon,Marston, P.E. 한국식품과학회 1979 한국식품과학회지 Vol.11 No.2
Rheolegical and baking properties of blends containing 10, 20 and 30 % of rice flours (Milyang 23, non-waxy and Tongil waxy) with wheat flour were investigated. Milyang-wheat blends showed higher amylograph paste viscosities at all reference points than waxy-wheat blends. Rice-wheat four blends had shorter farinograph stability than f·heat flour; however, the dough development time was similar between two blends. Breads produced from either Milyang-wheat or waxy-wheat flour blends at 10% rice level were acceptable compared with breads produced from wheat flour. 밀가루에 멥쌀(밀양 23호) 또는 통일찹쌀 가루를 10, 20 및 30% 대체한 복합분의 물리적 성질 및 제빵 적성을 검토하였다. 밀-밀양 복합분은 밀-찹쌀 복합분 보다 높은 점도를 보였다. 복합분의 파리노그라프 안정성은 밀가루 보다 짧았으나 최적 반죽발전 시간은 비슷하였다. 제빵 적성은 밀-밀양 복합분이 다소 좋은 결과를 보였고 대체로 밀가루(멥쌀 또는 찹쌀)를 20%수준까지는 대체할 수 있을 것으로 보인다. 10%수준으로는 밀가루 빵에 크게 손색이 없는 제품이 가능하였다.
Rheological and Baking Studies of Composite Flour from Wheat and Naked Barley
김성곤,최홍식,권태완,다포로니아비엘,마스톤피이,Kim, S.K.,Cheigh, H.S.,Kwon, T.W.,D'Appolonai, B.L.,Marston, P.E. Korean Society of Food Science and Technology 1978 한국식품과학회지 Vol.10 No.1
밀-쌀보리(품종 방사 6호) 가루를 이용한 복합분(5 및 10% 보리혼합)의 물리적 성질, 제빵적성 및 staling 속도를 조사하였다. 보리가루 (60% 제분수율)는 밀가루보다 아밀로그라프의 점도가 높았다. 복합분도 밀가루보다 아밀로그라프의 점도가 높았으나 호화 온도에는 차이가 없었다. 복합분은 파리노그라프의 안정도가 밀가루보다 다소 낮았으나 엑스텐시그라프의 proportional numer는 큰 차이가 없었다. 복합분으로 만든 빵은 용적 및 내부특성이 밀가루빵보다 다소 열등하였고 staling 속도는 다소 빨랐다. 이러한 현상은 보리 첨가량이 높을수록 현저하다. Barley (variety, Bangsa No. 6) was milled on a stone mill with 60% flour extraction. Rheological and baking properties of composites containing 5 and 10% of the barley flour with wheat flour (11.4% protein) were investigated. As the barley flour level was increased, amylograph paste viscosities increased at all reference points and farinograph stability decreased. However, no significant differences were noted in the proportional number measured with extensigraph with the various flours. Loaf volume and the staling rate of bread decreased and increased respectively as the barley flour level was increased.