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      • Functionalized Multilayered Graphene Platform for Urea Sensor

        Srivastava, Rajesh K.,Srivastava, Saurabh,Narayanan, Tharangattu N.,Mahlotra, Bansi D.,Vajtai, Robert,Ajayan, Pulickel M.,Srivastava, Anchal American Chemical Society 2012 ACS NANO Vol.6 No.1

        <P>Multilayered graphene (MLG) is an interesting material for electrochemical sensing and biosensing because of its very large 2D electrical conductivity and large surface area. We propose a less toxic, reproducible, and easy method for producing functionalized multilayer graphene from multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in mass scale using only concentrated H<SUB>2</SUB>SO<SUB>4</SUB>/HNO<SUB>3</SUB>. Electron microscopy results show the MLG formation, whereas FTIR and XPS data suggest its carboxylic and hydroxyl-functionalized nature. We utilize this functionalized MLG for the fabrication of a novel amperometric urea biosensor. This biosensor shows linearity of 10–100 mg dL<SUP>–1</SUP>, sensitivity of 5.43 μA mg<SUP>–1</SUP> dL cm<SUP>–2</SUP>, lower detection limit of 3.9 mg dL<SUP>–1</SUP>, and response time of 10 s. Our results suggest that MLG is a promising material for electrochemical biosensing applications.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2012/ancac3.2012.6.issue-1/nn203210s/production/images/medium/nn-2011-03210s_0010.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn203210s'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

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