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Mahar, Jamaluddin,Saeed, Aamer,Belfield, Kevin D.,Ali Larik, Fayaz,Ali Channar, Pervaiz,Ali Kazi, Mehar,Abbas, Qamar,Hassan, Mubashir,Raza, Hussain,Seo, Sung-Yum Elsevier 2019 Bioorganic chemistry Vol.84 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A novel series of silyl-yne containing chalcone derivatives <B>5a-5j</B> was synthesized by exploiting Sonogashira coupling reaction and Claisen-Schimdt condensation reaction. The synthesized derivative were characterized by spectroscopic and elemental analysis. The selective inhibition of carbonic anhydrases is considered critical in the field of medicinal chemistry because carbonic anhydrases exits in several isoforms. Synthesized compounds were subjected to carbonic anhydrase –II assay. Except <B>5j</B>, the other derivatives exhibited better potential than standard acetazolamide. Compound <B>5e</B> was found to be potent derivative in the series with IC<SUB>50</SUB> value 0.054 ± 0.001 µM. Binding analysis revealed that most potent derivative 5e binds in the active site of CA-II and single π-π stacking interaction was observed between ring structure of ligand and Phe129 having bond length 4.90 Å. Pharmacokinetics elicited that compounds obey Lipinski’s rule and show significant drug score.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Sonogashira coupling reaction was used to synthesized novel silicon containing alkyne compounds. </LI> <LI> Synthesized compounds were evaluated against carbonic anhydrase II enzyme. </LI> <LI> Binding analysis and pharmacokinetics was explored. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Faizullah Mahar,Saad Azhar Ali,Ayaz Hussain,Zohaibuddin Bhutto 제어로봇시스템학회 2011 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2011 No.10
Thus far, researchers test several heuristic in order to produce the optimal solutions of the cost function and controller parameters. In this paper, an implementation of the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm for the optimization of cost function and controller parameters has been discussed. To implement the ACO algorithm with a problem requires defining; cost function and the constraint. All simulation has been performed using a software program developed in the MATLAB environment. The simulation results show that ACO algorithm can be used to counterbalance the effect and improve the performance of any control system. Moreover, the proposed scheme overcomes the weaknesses of conventional fixed gain controller and improvement is accomplished in terms of settling time, oscillations and overshoot.
Direct Strength Method for Cold-Formed Steel Unlipped Channel Columns Subject to Local Buckling
Akshay Mangal Mahar,S. Arul Jayachandran,Mahen Mahendran 한국강구조학회 2021 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.21 No.6
This paper evaluates the strength of unlipped channel columns using the Direct Strength Method (DSM), which applies to the sections with either intermediate or edge stiff eners. The local buckling behaviour of plain cold-formed steel sections (CFS) with fi xed-ends is studied by investigating the results of (i) 25 experimental studies published in the literature and (ii) a numerical study of 105 CFS sections. This paper reveals that the aspect ratio (web height to fl ange width ratio) of the cross-section signifi cantly aff ects the local buckling strength of plain unlipped channel sections. The DSM local buckling strength as specifi ed in the codes of practice ignores the eff ect of this parameter, resulting in unconservative designs for such columns. The diff erence in strength prediction can be up to about 15% for columns with a web height to fl ange width ratio of 3.0. At this aspect ratio, the inter-element stiff ness contribution in the post-buckling stage is the minimum, resulting in a lower strength estimation. To account for this inadequacy, this paper suggests a modifi ed DSM design procedure that accounts for the eff ect of stiff ness contribution from the aspect ratio of the cross-section in the post-buckling stage. The proposed modifi ed DSM design equations agree well with the results of experimental and numerical studies and preserve the target reliability of AISI- S100 (2016) for LRFD.
Toyota Motor Corporation: The Innovative Leader of the Automobile Industry
Seonji LEE,MAHAR, Anoushka,DONG, Qin Teresa Academy of Asian Business (AAB) 2018 Academy of Asian Business Review Vol.4 No.1
This case study aims to observe and analyze the decades-long journey of Toyota Motor Corporation, a Japanese multinational automobile manufacturing company. The case will be referring to and evaluating the key events, strategies and decisions that led Toyota to become a globally renowned company. The case is divided into numerous different sections, each assessing different areas of Toyota Motor Corporation. The first section is a brief rundown of the first twenty-year history of Toyota, while the rest of the case analyzes the remaining fifty years of the company. The second section comprehensively discusses the automobile market position and Toyota’s economic factors, corporate culture and its unique characteristics, while the third section will evaluate Toyota’s success factors. Furthermore, the case study will analyze Toyota’s competitors and suggest future directions for better performance. The automobile industry is known to have a huge impact on the worldwide economy and industrialization. It has long been a one of the most lucrative and globalized industries, where companies have been competing for years. However, with the acceleration of globalization, automobile industries are undergoing dramatic economic changes, upsurges in technology, and struggling to maintain efficiency. This case study reveals an updated analysis of one of the most popular automobile company’s success while acknowledging all the relevant and significant events that led to such results. This study also edifies the developing literature on automobile companies in the 21st century. In summary, this case contributes to academic research and practice as well by highlighting the Toyota’s strategies, especially during drastic, ongoing economic and political events, and how managers adapted to those circumstances to be globally successful.
A Framework for Development of Correctness Centered e-Learning based Curriculum in Sukkur Region
Ahmed Masood Ansari,Mumtaz H. Mahar International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2023 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.23 No.6
This study aims to explore the status of e-learning in the public sector institutes of the Sukkur region in Pakistan. A survey was conducted to collect data from students and teachers regarding their awareness, access, and use of e-learning resources. The results showed that although there is a widespread use of the internet and mobile devices for accessing information, there is a lack of awareness and access to e-learning resources. Barriers to accessing e-learning content and a lack of familiarity with e-learning content development technologies were also identified. The study concludes that there is a need for improved e-learning facilities and curriculum in the public sector institutes of the Sukkur region in Pakistan. Recommendations are provided for developing a correctness-centered e-learning based curriculum that is tailored to the specific needs of the students in the region. It is hoped that the findings of this study will inform efforts to improve the teaching and learning process in the region and provide students with greater flexibility and access to study materials.
Menglin Zhu,Jing Gu,Lili He,Faraz Khan Mahar,김익수,Kai Wei 한국섬유공학회 2019 Fibers and polymers Vol.20 No.9
In this work, regenerated silk fibroin (SF)/poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) composite electrospun fibers weresuccessfully prepared by electrospinning method with single and double syringe systems. Furtherly, we applied simultaneousand alternative spinning when using double syringe systems. The morphologies of the obtained silk/PLLA hybrid nanofiberswere characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed thatPLLA has been well incorporated into the SF electrospun fibers using double syringes. Furthermore, the tensile test resultsindicate the tensile strength and Young’s modulus of the silk/PLLA hybrid nanofibers webs were improved by both singleand double syringe system. Moreover, the cell adhesion ratios of simultaneous silk/PLLA nanofibers were much higher thanthat of alternative silk/PLLA nanofibers, and even higher than pure silk nanofibers. Therefore, simultaneous spinning usingdouble syringe system is a potential method for fabrication of nanofiber scaffold.
Larik, Fayaz Ali,Faisal, Muhammad,Saeed, Aamer,Channar, Pervaiz Ali,Korabecny, Jan,Jabeen, Farukh,Mahar, Ihsan Ali,Kazi, Mehar Ali,Abbas, Qamar,Murtaza, Ghulam,Khan, Gul Shahzada,Hassan, Mubashir,Seo, Academic Press 2019 Bioorganic chemistry Vol.86 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The increasing resistance of pathogens to common antibiotics, as well as the need to control urease activity to improve the yield of soil nitrogen fertilization in agricultural applications, has stimulated the development of novel classes of molecules that target urease as an enzyme. In this context, the newly developed compounds on the basis of 1-heptanoyl-3-arylthiourea family were evaluated for Jack bean urease enzyme inhibition activity to validate their role as potent inhibitors of this enzyme. 1-Heptanoyl-3-arylthioureas were obtained in excellent yield and characterized through spectral and elemental analysis. All the compounds displayed remarkable potency against urease inhibition as compared to thiourea standard. It was found that novel compounds fulfill the criteria of drug-likeness by obeying Lipinski’s rule of five. Particularly compound <B>4a</B> and <B>4c</B> can serve as lead molecules in 4D (drug designing discovery and development). Kinetic mechanism and molecular docking studies also carried out to delineate the mode of inhibition and binding affinity of the molecules.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A new family of 1-heptanoyl-3-arylthioureas (<B>4a-4j</B>) was synthesized in excellent yield. </LI> <LI> The synthesized 1-heptanoyl-3-arylthiourea family were evaluated for Jack bean urease enzyme inhibition activity. </LI> <LI> Particularly compound <B>4a</B> and <B>4c</B> can serve as lead molecules in 4D (drug designing discovery and development). </LI> <LI> Kinetic mechanism and molecular docking studies also carried out to delineate the mode of inhibition and binding affinity. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Spinal Growth Modulation with Use of a Tether in an Immature Porcine Model :
Newton, Peter O,Upasani, Vidyadhar V,Farnsworth, Christine L,Oka, Richard,Chambers, Reid C,Dwek, Jerry,Kim, Jung Ryul,Perry, Andrew,Mahar, Andrew T Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 2008 Journal of bone and joint surgery Vol.90 No.12
<P>BACKGROUND: Spinal growth modulation by tethering the anterolateral aspect of the spine, as previously demonstrated in a nonscoliotic calf model, may be a viable fusionless treatment method for idiopathic scoliosis. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the radiographic, histologic, and biomechanical results after six and twelve months of spinal growth modulation in a porcine model with a growth rate similar to that of adolescent patients. METHODS: Twelve seven-month-old mini-pigs underwent instrumentation with a vertebral staple-screw construct connected by a polyethylene tether over four consecutive thoracic vertebrae. The spines were harvested after six (n = 6) or twelve months (n = 6) of growth. Monthly radiographs, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scans (made after the spines were harvested), histologic findings, and biomechanical findings were evaluated. Analysis of variance was used to compare preoperative, six-month postoperative, and twelve-month postoperative data. RESULTS: Radiographs demonstrated 14 degrees +/- 4 degrees of coronal deformity after six months and 30 degrees +/- 13 degrees after twelve months of growth. Coronal vertebral wedging was observed in all four tethered vertebrae and progressed throughout each animal's survival period. Disc wedging was also created; however, in contrast to the findings associated with vertebral wedging, the tethered side was taller than the untethered side. Magnetic resonance images revealed no evidence of disc degeneration; however, the nucleus pulposus had shifted toward the side of the tethering. Midcoronal undecalcified histologic sections showed intact bone-screw interfaces with no evidence of implant failure or loosening. With the tether cut, stiffness decreased and range of motion increased in lateral bending away from the tether at both time-points (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In this porcine model, mechanical tethering during growth altered spinal morphology in the coronal and sagittal planes, leading to vertebral and disc wedging proportional to the duration of tethering. The resulting concave thickening of the disc in response to the tether was not anticipated and may suggest a capacity for the nucleus pulposus to respond to the compressive loads created by growth against the tether.</P>