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Madhaiyan, Munusamy,Poonguzhali, Selvaraj,Lee, Jung-Sook,Lee, Keun-Chul,Saravanan, Venkatakrishnan Sivaraj,Santhanakrishnan, Palani Microbiology Society 2010 International journal of systematic and evolutiona Vol.60 No.7
<P><I>Microbacterium</I> strain AI-S262<SUP>T</SUP> was isolated from the rhizoplane of neem seedlings in the Botanical garden of Tamilnadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India, and subjected to phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genetic characterization. Cells of this strain were Gram-stain-positive, motile, non-spore-forming, short rods and formed light-yellow-pigmented colonies on nutrient agar. Strain AI-S262<SUP>T</SUP> contained MK-12 and MK-13 as the main respiratory quinones, anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0 as the predominant fatty acids, peptidoglycan-type B2<I>β</I> with glycolyl residues, and had a DNA G+C content of 69.5 mol%. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed 98.0-98.6 % pair-wise similarity with respect to close relatives in the genus <I>Microbacterium</I>. DNA-DNA hybridization experiments revealed a low level of DNA-DNA relatedness (less than 39%) between strain AI-S262<SUP>T</SUP> and its closest relatives. Data from DNA-DNA hybridization and phenotypic analyses supported the conclusion that strain AI-S262<SUP>T</SUP> represents a novel species in the genus <I>Microbacterium</I>, for which the name <I>Microbacterium azadirachtae</I> sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is AI-S262<SUP>T</SUP> (=JCM 15681<SUP>T</SUP> =LMG 24772<SUP>T</SUP> =KCTC 19668<SUP>T</SUP>).</P>
Madhaiyan, Munusamy,Kim, Byung-Yong,Poonguzhali, Selvaraj,Kwon, Soon-Wo,Song, Myung-Hee,Ryu, Jeoung-Hyun,Go, Seung-Joo,Koo, Bon-Sung,Sa, Tong-Min Microbiology Society 2007 International journal of systematic and evolutiona Vol.57 No.2
<P>A pink-pigmented, facultatively methylotrophic bacterium, strain CBMB20T, isolated from stem tissues of rice, was analysed by a polyphasic approach. Strain CBMB20T utilized 1-aminocyclopropane 1-carboxylate (ACC) as a nitrogen source and produced ACC deaminase. It was related phylogenetically to members of the genus Methylobacterium. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain CBMB20T was most closely related to Methylobacterium fujisawaense, Methylobacterium radiotolerans and Methylobacterium mesophilicum; however, DNA-DNA hybridization values were less than 70 % with the type strains of these species. The DNA G+C content of strain CBMB20T was 70.6 mol%. The study presents a detailed phenotypic characterization of strain CBMB20T that allows its differentiation from other Methylobacterium species. In addition, strain CBMB20T is the only known member of the genus Methylobacterium to be described from the phyllosphere of rice. Based on the data presented, strain CBMB20T represents a novel species in the genus Methylobacterium, for which the name Methylobacterium oryzae sp. nov. is proposed, with strain CBMB20T (=DSM 18207T=LMG 23582T=KACC 11585T) as the type strain.</P>
Madhaiyan, Munusamy,Poonguzhali, Selvaraj,Senthilkumar, Murugaiyan,Lee, Jung-Sook,Lee, Keun-Chul Microbiology Society 2012 International journal of systematic and evolutiona Vol.62 No.1
<P>A pink, aerobic, facultatively methylotrophic, motile, Gram-negative rod, designated Gh-105<SUP>T</SUP>, was isolated from the phyllosphere of cotton from Coimbatore (Tamilnadu, India). 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed clearly that the isolate belonged to the <I>Methylobacterium</I> cluster. Strain Gh-105<SUP>T</SUP> was most closely related to <I>Methylobacterium adhaesivum</I> AR27<SUP>T</SUP> (99 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and <I>Methylobacterium iners</I> 5317S-33<SUP>T</SUP> (97.5 %). The isolate grew with C1 compounds such as methanol and dichloromethane, but not with formaldehyde, formate, methylamine, trimethylamine or methane, as sole carbon sources and carried <I>mxaF</I>, which encodes methanol dehydrogenase and supports methylotrophic metabolism. The major fatty acid was C18 : 1ω7<I>c</I> and the G+C content of the genomic DNA was 64.2 mol%. Physiological and biochemical data and DNA-DNA relatedness with <I>M. adhaesivum</I> KACC 12195<SUP>T</SUP> and <I>M. iners</I> KACC 11765<SUP>T</SUP> revealed clear phenotypic and genotypic differences. For this reason, we propose that strain Gh-105<SUP>T</SUP> ( = CCM 7572<SUP>T</SUP> = NRRL B-51692<SUP>T</SUP>) represents the type strain of a novel species, with the name <I>Methylobacterium gossipiicola</I> sp. nov.</P>
Madhaiyan, Munusamy,Poonguzhali, Selvaraj,Lee, Jung-Sook,Lee, Keun Chul,Sundaram, Subbiah Microbiology Society 2010 International journal of systematic and evolutiona Vol.60 No.9
<P>An aerobic, yellow-pigmented, facultatively methylotrophic, Gram-staining-negative, non-spore-forming bacterium, designated strain Gm-149<SUP>T</SUP>, was isolated from the rhizosphere of cultivated soybean in India. Cells were motile by gliding. The predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, summed feature 3 (comprising iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and/or C16 : 1<I>ω</I>7<I>c</I>), C16 : 0 3-OH and anteiso-C15 : 0, and the major isoprenoid quinone was MK-6. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain Gm-149<SUP>T</SUP> was 35.6 mol%. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain Gm-149<SUP>T</SUP> formed a distinct phyletic line within the genus <I>Flavobacterium</I>. Based on levels of pairwise 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, strain Gm-149<SUP>T</SUP> was related most closely to the type strain of <I>Flavobacterium daejeonense</I> (97.1 %), but the level of DNA-DNA relatedness between these two strains was about 11.2 %. On the basis of phenotypic and genotypic data, strain Gm-149<SUP>T</SUP> is considered to represent a novel species of the genus <I>Flavobacterium</I>, for which the name <I>Flavobacterium glycines</I> sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Gm-149<SUP>T</SUP> (=ICMP 17618<SUP>T</SUP>=NBRC 105008<SUP>T</SUP>).</P>
Madhaiyan, Munusamy,Poonguzhali, Selvaraj,Lee, Jung-Sook,Saravanan, Venkatakrishnan Sivaraj,Lee, Keun-Chul,Santhanakrishnan, Palani Microbiology Society 2010 International journal of systematic and evolutiona Vol.60 No.7
<P>A methylotrophic nitrogen-fixing bacterial strain, Ah-143<SUP>T</SUP>, isolated from the rhizosphere soil of field-grown groundnut was analysed by a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis combined with <I>rpoB</I> gene sequence analysis allocated strain Ah-143<SUP>T</SUP> to the family <I>Enterobacteriaceae</I>, with <I>Enterobacter radicincitans</I> and <I>Enterobacter cowanii</I> as the closest relatives. The strain is Gram-stain-negative, non-spore-forming, aerobic and motile, having straight rod-shaped cells with a DNA G<I>+</I>C content of approximately 53.2 mol%. The strain utilizes methanol as a carbon source and the <I>mxaF</I> gene was closely related to the <I>mxaF</I> gene of members of the genus <I>Methylobacterium</I>. The fatty acid profile consisted of C16 : 0, C17 : 0 cyclo, C18 : 1<I>ω</I>7<I>c</I>, summed feature 2 (iso-C16 : 1 I and/or C14 : 0 3-OH) and summed feature 3 (iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and/or C16 : 1<I>ω</I>7<I>c</I>) as the major components. DNA-DNA relatedness of strain Ah-143<SUP>T</SUP> with its close relatives was less than 20 %. On the basis of the phylogenetic analyses, DNA-DNA hybridization data, and unique physiological and biochemical characteristics, it is proposed that the strain represents a novel species of the genus <I>Enterobacter</I> and should be named <I>Enterobacter arachidis</I> sp. nov. The type strain is Ah-143<SUP>T</SUP> (=NCIMB 14469<SUP>T</SUP> =KCTC 22375<SUP>T</SUP>).</P>
Madhaiyan, M.,Poonguzhali, S.,Saravanan, V. S.,Hari, K.,Lee, K.-C.,Lee, J.-S. International Union of Microbiological Societies 2013 International journal of systematic and evolutiona Vol.63 No.3
<P>Two strains, designated Sac-22<SUP>T</SUP> and Sac-41<SUP>T</SUP>, were isolated from rhizosphere soil and rhizoplane of field-grown sugar cane clone Co86032. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed a clear affiliation of these two bacteria with the class <I>Betaproteobacteria</I>, their closest relatives being <I>Pseudoduganella violaceinigra</I> and <I>Duganella zoogloeoides</I> with 16S rRNA gene sequence pairwise similarities of 96.4–97.2 % to the two novel strains. Strains Sac-22<SUP>T</SUP> and Sac-41<SUP>T</SUP> shared a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity value of 97.6 %. Cells of the two strains were Gram-reaction-negative, aerobic, motile and rod-shaped. Ubiquinone (Q-8) was the respiratory quinone and the predominant polar lipids consisted of phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. The main cellular fatty acids were C<SUB>16 : 0</SUB>, C<SUB>16 : 1</SUB>ω7<I>c</I>/iso-C<SUB>15 : 0</SUB> 2-OH, C<SUB>17 : 0</SUB> cyclo, C<SUB>10 : 0</SUB> 3-OH and C<SUB>12 : 0</SUB>. The DNA G<I>+</I>C content of the genomic DNA was 56.4 mol% for strain Sac-22<SUP>T</SUP> and 54.9 mol% for strain Sac-41<SUP>T</SUP>. Based on the results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and physiological and biochemical characterization, that differentiated strains Sac-22<SUP>T</SUP> and Sac-41<SUP>T</SUP> from all recognized species of the genus <I>Duganella</I>, it was concluded that strains represent two novel species in the genus <I>Duganella</I> for which the names <I>Duganella</I> <I>sacchari</I> sp. nov. (type strain Sac-22<SUP>T</SUP> = KCTC 22381<SUP>T</SUP> = NCIMB 14475<SUP>T</SUP>) and <I>Duganella</I> <I>radicis</I> sp. nov. (type strain Sac-41<SUP>T</SUP> = KCTC 22382<SUP>T</SUP> = NCIMB 14476<SUP>T</SUP>) are proposed.</P>
Madhaiyan, Munusamy,Poonguzhali, Selvaraj,Senthilkumar, Murugaiyan,Pragatheswari, Dhandapani,Lee, Jung-Sook,Lee, Keun-Chul International Union of Microbiological Societies 2015 International journal of systematic and evolutiona Vol.65 No.2
<P>Three novel bacterial strains, designated Vu-144<SUP>T</SUP>, Vu-7 and Vu-35, were isolated on minimal medium from rhizosphere soil of field-grown cowpea and subjected to a taxonomic study using a polyphasic approach. Cells of the strains were Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming, coccoid rods, and formed non-pigmented colonies. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain Vu-144<SUP>T</SUP> was affiliated with an uncultivated lineage of the phylum <I>Bacteroidetes</I>. Its closest phylogenetic neighbour was the recently described species <I>Niastella populi</I>, a member of the family <I>Chitinophagaceae</I>, with just 90.7 % sequence similarity to the type strain. The only isoprenoid quinone detected was menaquinone 7 (MK-7). The fatty acid profiles showed large amounts of iso-C<SUB>15 : 0</SUB>, iso-C<SUB>17 : 0</SUB> 3-OH and iso-C<SUB>15 : 1</SUB> G and minor amounts of summed feature 3 (C<SUB>16 : 1</SUB>ω7<I>c</I> and/or iso-C<SUB>15 : 0</SUB> 2-OH), C<SUB>16 : 0</SUB> and other fatty acids, allowing the differentiation of the strains from other genera. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of the three strains ranged from 43.1 to 44.3 mol%. In addition to phosphatidylethanolamine, the major polar lipids were three unidentified aminophospholipids (APL1–APL3), two unidentified phospholipids (PL1, PL2) and three unidentified lipids (UL1–UL3). Biochemical test patterns also differed from those of <I>Niastella populi</I> and members of other genera. All three isolates showed plant-growth-promoting properties, e.g. the ability to produce indole-3-acetic acid and NH<SUB>3</SUB> and to solubilize phosphate, utilized 1-aminocyclopropane 1-carboxylate (ACC) as a sole source of nitrogen and possessed the ACC deaminase enzyme. The novel isolates readily colonized roots and stimulated growth of tomato and cowpea under glasshouse conditions. Inoculated plants showed a 45–60 % increase in dry matter weight with respect to uninoculated controls. On the basis of the evidence from our polyphasic study, isolate Vu-144<SUP>T</SUP> represents a novel genus and species in the family <I>Chitinophagaceae</I>, for which the name <I>Arachidicoccus rhizosphaerae</I> gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of <I>Arachidicoccus rhizosphaerae</I> is Vu-144<SUP>T</SUP> ( = KCTC 22378<SUP>T</SUP> = NCIMB 14473<SUP>T</SUP>).</P>